Obesity and Body Composition in Preschool Children with Different Levels of Actigraphy-Derived Physical Activity—A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Study Sample
2.2. Anthropometric Measurements
2.3. Body Composition
2.4. Physical Activity
2.5. Statistical Analysis
2.6. Ethics
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | All Subjects (n = 676) | Boys (n = 331) | Girls (n = 345) | p | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
Age (years) | 5.55 | 0.50 | 5.55 | 0.50 | 5.56 | 0.50 | 0.742 |
Body height (cm) | 117.2 | 6.1 | 117.9 | 6.1 | 116.5 | 5.9 | 0.006 |
Body mass (kg) | 21.67 | 3.89 | 22.09 | 4.13 | 21.26 | 3.61 | 0.008 |
BMI | 15.68 | 1.76 | 15.78 | 1.81 | 15.57 | 1.70 | 0.147 |
BFP (%) | 20.36 | 4.73 | 20.33 | 4.68 | 20.38 | 4.79 | 0.291 |
Muscle mass (%) | 76.65 | 4.66 | 76.52 | 4.35 | 76.77 | 4.94 | 0.619 |
FFM (%) | 79.64 | 4.73 | 79.67 | 4.67 | 79.62 | 4.77 | 0.173 |
TBW (%) | 58.40 | 3.19 | 58.49 | 3.03 | 58.31 | 3.34 | 0.201 |
MVPA day (min) | 47.53 | 22.47 | 51.01 | 23.91 | 44.20 | 20.48 | <0.001 |
Steps/day | 9182.66 | 2322.82 | 9374.47 | 2548.14 | 8998.64 | 2070.99 | 0.034 |
Variable | MVPA/Day | p | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<60 min | ≥60 min | ||||||
Mean | SD | Me | Mean | SD | Me | ||
All Subjects | |||||||
(n = 512) | (n = 164) | ||||||
BFP (%) | 20.64 | 4.99 | 19.80 | 19.46 | 3.69 | 18.85 | 0.005 |
Muscle mass (%) | 76.45 | 4.85 | 76.59 | 77.25 | 3.93 | 77.45 | 0.026 |
FFM (%) | 79.35 | 4.98 | 80.2 | 80.54 | 3.67 | 81.15 | 0.034 |
TBW (%) | 58.24 | 3.33 | 58.73 | 58.88 | 2.67 | 59.30 | 0.015 |
Girls | |||||||
(n = 278) | (n = 67) | ||||||
BFP (%) | 20.51 | 4.92 | 20.05 | 19.86 | 4.16 | 19.00 | 0.241 |
Muscle mass (%) | 76.65 | 5.07 | 76.72 | 77.29 | 4.32 | 77.84 | 0.186 |
FFM (%) | 79.49 | 4.91 | 79.95 | 80.14 | 4.12 | 81.00 | 0.673 |
TBW (%) | 58.25 | 3.43 | 58.51 | 58.55 | 2.97 | 59.10 | 0.366 |
Boys | |||||||
(n = 234) | (n = 97) | ||||||
BFP (%) | 20.80 | 5.08 | 19.55 | 19.18 | 3.32 | 18.60 | 0.001 |
Muscle mass (%) | 76.23 | 4.58 | 76.50 | 77.22 | 3.66 | 77.14 | 0.058 |
FFM (%) | 79.19 | 5.06 | 80.45 | 80.82 | 3.29 | 81.40 | 0.022 |
TBW (%) | 58.23 | 3.21 | 58.80 | 59.11 | 2.43 | 59.36 | 0.021 |
Variable | Steps/Day | p | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<12,000 | ≥12,000 | ||||||
Mean | SD | Me | Mean | SD | Me | ||
All Subjects | |||||||
(n = 601) | (n = 75) | ||||||
BFP (%) | 20.46 | 4.83 | 19.60 | 19.52 | 3.75 | 18.80 | 0.103 |
Muscle mass (%) | 76.45 | 4.70 | 76.65 | 78.23 | 3.94 | 78.46 | <0.001 |
FFM (%) | 79.54 | 4.83 | 80.40 | 80.48 | 3.72 | 81.20 | 0.294 |
TBW (%) | 58.34 | 3.25 | 58.80 | 58.84 | 2.69 | 59.16 | 0.209 |
Girls | |||||||
(n = 316) | (n = 29) | ||||||
BFP (%) | 20.39 | 4.85 | 20.00 | 20.24 | 4.10 | 19.10 | 0.844 |
Muscle mass (%) | 76.68 | 4.99 | 76.86 | 77.82 | 4.28 | 78.80 | 0.113 |
FFM (%) | 79.61 | 4.81 | 80.00 | 79.76 | 4.02 | 80.90 | 0.111 |
TBW (%) | 58.31 | 3.39 | 58.64 | 58.22 | 2.87 | 58.70 | 0.800 |
Boys | |||||||
(n = 285) | (n = 46) | ||||||
BFP (%) | 20.53 | 4.83 | 19.40 | 19.07 | 3.48 | 18.50 | 0.051 |
Muscle mass (%) | 76.20 | 4.36 | 76.47 | 78.48 | 3.73 | 78.28 | 0.001 |
FFM (%) | 79.47 | 4.81 | 80.60 | 80.93 | 3.43 | 81.50 | 0.879 |
TBW (%) | 58.37 | 3.09 | 58.97 | 59.22 | 2.53 | 59.63 | 0.067 |
Body Mass Category | MVPA/Day | OR (95% CI) | p | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<60 min | ≥60 min | ||||||
n | % | n | % | ||||
All subjects | |||||||
BMI | No obesity | 488 | 95.3 | 158 | 96.3 | 0.77 (0.31–1.92) | 0.578 |
Obesity | 24 | 4.7 | 6 | 3.7 | |||
BFP | No obesity | 406 | 79.3 | 141 | 86.0 | 0.62 (0.38–1.02) | 0.058 |
Obesity | 106 | 20.7 | 23 | 14.0 | |||
Girls | |||||||
BMI | No obesity | 267 | 96.0 | 64 | 95.5 | 1.14 (0.31–4.20) | 0.846 |
Obesity | 11 | 4.0 | 3 | 4.5 | |||
BFP | No obesity | 235 | 84.5 | 59 | 88.1 | 0.54 (0.15–1.95) | 0.342 |
Obesity | 43 | 15.5 | 8 | 11.9 | |||
Boys | |||||||
BMI | No obesity | 221 | 94.4 | 94 | 96.9 | 0.74 (0.33–1.66) | 0.465 |
Obesity | 13 | 5.6 | 3 | 3.1 | |||
BFP | No obesity | 171 | 73.1 | 82 | 84.5 | 0.50 (0.27–0.92) | 0.025 |
Obesity | 63 | 26.9 | 15 | 15.5 |
Body Mass Category | Steps/Day | OR (95% CI) | p | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<12,000 | ≥12,000 | ||||||
n | % | n | % | ||||
All Subjects | |||||||
BMI | No obesity | 573 | 95.3 | 73 | 97.3 | 0.56 (0.13–2.40) | 0.43 |
Obesity | 28 | 4.7 | 2 | 2.7 | |||
BFP | No obesity | 481 | 80.0 | 66 | 88.0 | 0.55 (0.26–1.13) | 0.098 |
Obesity | 120 | 20.0 | 9 | 12.0 | |||
Girls | |||||||
BMI | No obesity | 304 | 96.2 | 27 | 93.1 | 1.88 (0.40–8.82) | 0.418 |
Obesity | 12 | 3.8 | 2 | 6.9 | |||
BFP | No obesity | 268 | 84.8 | 26 | 89.7 | 0.85 (0.82–0.89) | 0.099 |
Obesity | 48 | 15.2 | 3 | 10.3 | |||
Boys | |||||||
BMI | No obesity | 269 | 94.4 | 46 | 100.0 | 0.64 (0.19–2.21) | 0.482 |
Obesity | 16 | 5.6 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
BFP | No obesity | 213 | 74.7 | 40 | 87.0 | 0.44 (0.18–1.09) | 0.070 |
Obesity | 72 | 25.3 | 6 | 13.0 |
Variable | MVPA/Day | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quintile 1 (<29.29 min) | Quintile 2 (29.29–39.31 min) | Quintile 3 (39.32–49.19 min) | Quintile 4 (49.2–63.29 min) | Quintile 5 (>63.29 min) | p | ||||||
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
All Subjects | |||||||||||
BMI | 15.85 | 2.19 | 15.61 | 1.76 | 15.66 | 1.59 | 15.78 | 1.75 | 15.48 | 1.39 | 0.766 |
BFP (%) | 21.15 | 5.76 | 20.56 | 4.92 | 20.50 | 4.58 | 20.12 | 4.45 | 19.43 | 3.58 | 0.101 |
Muscle mass (%) | 76.31 | 5.35 | 76.38 | 4.94 | 76.54 | 4.41 | 76.80 | 4.68 | 77.21 | 3.74 | 0.457 |
FFM (%) | 78.85 | 5.12 | 79.44 | 5.05 | 79.50 | 4.84 | 79.88 | 4.70 | 80.57 | 4.26 | 0.180 |
TBW (%) | 58.01 | 3.59 | 58.23 | 3.46 | 58.32 | 3.07 | 58.53 | 3.13 | 58.90 | 2.57 | 0.191 |
Girls | |||||||||||
BMI | 15.60 | 1.92 | 15.58 | 1.71 | 15.70 | 1.64 | 15.57 | 1.65 | 15.35 | 1.50 | 0.756 |
BFP (%) | 20.62 | 5.69 | 20.53 | 4.87 | 20.46 | 4.54 | 20.12 | 4.17 | 19.95 | 4.22 | 0.787 |
Muscle mass (%) | 77.03 | 5.65 | 76.29 | 5.17 | 76.88 | 4.73 | 76.75 | 4.47 | 77.07 | 4.24 | 0.804 |
FFM (%) | 79.38 | 5.03 | 79.47 | 5.03 | 79.54 | 4.97 | 79.88 | 4.51 | 80.05 | 4.71 | 0.848 |
TBW (%) | 58.30 | 3.67 | 58.17 | 3.55 | 58.23 | 3.27 | 58.45 | 3.03 | 58.47 | 2.99 | 0.859 |
Boys | |||||||||||
BMI | 16.20 | 2.49 | 15.66 | 1.87 | 15.63 | 1.55 | 15.95 | 1.83 | 15.56 | 1.31 | 0.797 |
BFP (%) | 21.87 | 5.82 | 20.62 | 5.06 | 20.53 | 4.65 | 20.12 | 4.70 | 19.10 | 3.09 | 0.058 |
Muscle mass (%) | 75.31 | 4.77 | 76.54 | 4.54 | 76.24 | 4.12 | 76.84 | 4.88 | 77.29 | 3.41 | 0.103 |
FFM (%) | 78.13 | 5.27 | 79.38 | 5.15 | 79.47 | 4.76 | 79.88 | 4.89 | 80.90 | 3.91 | 0.154 |
TBW (%) | 57.62 | 3.47 | 58.34 | 3.32 | 58.40 | 2.89 | 58.59 | 3.24 | 59.17 | 2.25 | 0.088 |
Variable | Steps/Day | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quintile 1 (<7281.40) | Quintile 2 (7281.40–8468.46) | Quintile 3 (8468.47–9472.28) | Quintile 4 (9472.29–10,926.74) | Quintile 5 (>10,926.74) | p | ||||||
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
All Subjects | |||||||||||
BMI | 16.06 | 2.09 | 15.76 | 1.75 | 15.56 | 1.70 | 15.50 | 1.65 | 15.50 | 1.50 | 0.116 |
BFP (%) | 21.78 | 6.14 | 20.59 | 4.69 | 19.96 | 4.20 | 19.77 | 4.10 | 19.69 | 3.94 | 0.031 |
Muscle mass (%) | 75.62 | 5.36 | 76.09 | 4.79 | 76.93 | 4.31 | 77.05 | 4.37 | 77.55 | 4.15 | 0.002 |
FFM (%) | 78.22 | 5.20 | 79.41 | 4.73 | 80.04 | 4.93 | 80.23 | 4.59 | 80.42 | 4.57 | 0.425 |
TBW (%) | 57.72 | 3.69 | 58.22 | 3.25 | 58.60 | 3.06 | 58.74 | 2.99 | 58.71 | 2.83 | 0.063 |
Girls | |||||||||||
BMI | 16.03 | 2.07 | 15.49 | 1.58 | 15.27 | 1.12 | 15.59 | 1.76 | 15.48 | 1.83 | 0.303 |
BFP (%) | 21.81 | 5.90 | 19.97 | 4.44 | 19.47 | 3.73 | 20.39 | 4.85 | 20.32 | 4.59 | 0.248 |
Muscle mass (%) | 75.60 | 5.79 | 76.72 | 4.81 | 77.66 | 4.20 | 76.91 | 4.93 | 77.05 | 4.71 | 0.172 |
FFM (%) | 78.19 | 5.19 | 80.03 | 4.55 | 80.53 | 4.18 | 79.61 | 5.30 | 79.68 | 4.94 | 0.256 |
TBW (%) | 57.45 | 3.81 | 58.58 | 3.25 | 58.95 | 2.71 | 58.30 | 3.50 | 58.20 | 3.26 | 0.223 |
Boys | |||||||||||
BMI | 16.09 | 2.13 | 16.20 | 1.92 | 15.84 | 2.09 | 15.43 | 1.55 | 15.51 | 1.18 | 0.124 |
BFP (%) | 21.75 | 6.43 | 21.60 | 4.95 | 20.43 | 4.59 | 19.20 | 3.19 | 19.18 | 3.28 | 0.010 |
Muscle mass (%) | 75.64 | 4.92 | 75.05 | 4.62 | 76.22 | 4.33 | 77.18 | 3.81 | 77.94 | 3.63 | 0.002 |
FFM (%) | 78.25 | 5.22 | 78.40 | 4.90 | 79.57 | 5.58 | 80.80 | 3.71 | 80.82 | 4.24 | 0.207 |
TBW (%) | 58.00 | 3.57 | 57.62 | 3.18 | 58.26 | 3.35 | 59.15 | 2.37 | 59.12 | 2.38 | 0.018 |
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Wyszyńska, J.; Matłosz, P.; Szybisty, A.; Lenik, P.; Dereń, K.; Mazur, A.; Herbert, J. Obesity and Body Composition in Preschool Children with Different Levels of Actigraphy-Derived Physical Activity—A Cross-Sectional Study. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 1210. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9041210
Wyszyńska J, Matłosz P, Szybisty A, Lenik P, Dereń K, Mazur A, Herbert J. Obesity and Body Composition in Preschool Children with Different Levels of Actigraphy-Derived Physical Activity—A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(4):1210. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9041210
Chicago/Turabian StyleWyszyńska, Justyna, Piotr Matłosz, Agnieszka Szybisty, Paweł Lenik, Katarzyna Dereń, Artur Mazur, and Jarosław Herbert. 2020. "Obesity and Body Composition in Preschool Children with Different Levels of Actigraphy-Derived Physical Activity—A Cross-Sectional Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 4: 1210. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9041210