Volumetric Carotid Flow Characteristics in Doppler Ultrasonography in Healthy Population Over 65 Years Old
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Subjects and Methods
3. Statistics
4. Results
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Age Group | Number of Patients | Average Age (Years) | Number of Females | Average Age of Females (Years) | Number of Males | Average Age of Males (Years) | Age Median in Females (Years) | Age Median in Males (Years) | Age Standard Deviation in Females (Years) | Age Standard Deviation in Males (Years) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
65–69 years | 42 | 66.9 | 21 | 67 | 21 | 66.8 | 67 | 66 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
70–74 years | 41 | 72.2 | 16 | 72.1 | 25 | 72.3 | 72 | 72 | 1.2 | 1.5 |
75–79 years | 24 | 76.8 | 11 | 76.8 | 13 | 76.8 | 77 | 77 | 1.0 | 1.6 |
≥80 years | 16 | 83.7 | 13 | 83.5 | 3 | 84.7 | 82 | 87 | 4.21 | 4.0 |
<65 years | 56 | 50.3 | 34 | 51.2 | 22 | 49 | 54 | 45 | 10.6 | 10.1 |
Inclusion Criteria–Study Group | |
1 | Age ≥ 65 years |
2 | Informed consent before the examination |
3 | No hemodynamically significant carotid atherosclerotic lesions, causing blood flow disturbances (ICA stenosis < 30%) |
4 | No exclusion criteria |
Exclusion Criteria–Study Group | |
1 | Age < 65 years |
2 | No informed consent given before the examination |
3 | Internal Carotid Artery stenosis > 30% |
4 | Stenosis of Common Carotid, External Carotid or Vertebral Artery |
5 | Concomitant diseases: uncontrolled hypertension, ischemic heart disease, heart insufficiency, positive history of heart infraction, positive history of stent implantation to coronary or any other arteries, cardiac arrhythmia, tachycardia, bradycardia, congenital vascular or heart failure, positive history of vascular interventions, presence of endocrine diseases: thyroid goiter, hyper-, hypothyroidism diabetes, adrenal diseases, positive history of thyroid surgery, smoking, alcohol use. |
6 | Positive history of ischemic stroke, TIA symptoms or other neurological symptoms. |
Group-Age | 65–69 | 70–74 | 75–80 | >80 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (mL/min) | 898.5 | 838.5 | 805.1 | 685.7 |
Std. err (mL/min) | 18.4 | 23.3 | 20.3 | 29.0 |
Std. dev (mL/min) | 119.1 | 148.9 | 99.3 | 112.3 |
Proposed reference value (mL/min) | 898.5 ± 119.1 | 838.5 ± 148.9 | 805.1 ± 99.3 | 685.7 ± 112.3 |
ICA volume (mL/min) | 273.8 ± 60.5 | 237.9 ± 54.3 | 240.1 ± 47.3 | 203.3 ± 42.7 |
VA volume (mL/min) | 71.8 ± 32.3 | 70.3 ± 28.2 | 60.5 ± 25 | 57.3 ± 18.5 |
ECA volume (mL/min) | 103.6 ± 32.9 | 104.2 ± 32.7 | 91.5 ± 23 | 81 ± 35 |
ICA PSV (m/s) | 0.72 ± 0.14 | 0.67 ± 0.15 | 0.68 ± 0.17 | 0.59 ± 0.14 |
ICA EDV (m/s) | 0.26 ± 0.07 | 0.21 ± 0.06 | 0.20 ± 0.05 | 0.18 ± 0.06 |
VA PSV (m/s) | 0.45 ± 0.11 | 0.45 ± 0.14 | 0.44 ± 0.12 | 0.41 ± 0.11 |
VA EDV (m/s) | 0.13 ± 0.06 | 0.12 ± 0.05 | 0.13 ± 0.04 | 0.13 ± 0.04 |
ECA PSV (m/s) | 0.8 ± 0.24 | 0.81 ± 0.25 | 0.78 ± 0.26 | 0.67 ± 0.21 |
ECA EDV (m/s) | 0.1 ± 0.05 | 0.13 ± 0.07 | 0.13 ± 0.05 | 0.12 ± 0.05 |
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Kaszczewski, P.; Elwertowski, M.; Leszczynski, J.; Ostrowski, T.; Galazka, Z. Volumetric Carotid Flow Characteristics in Doppler Ultrasonography in Healthy Population Over 65 Years Old. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 1375. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051375
Kaszczewski P, Elwertowski M, Leszczynski J, Ostrowski T, Galazka Z. Volumetric Carotid Flow Characteristics in Doppler Ultrasonography in Healthy Population Over 65 Years Old. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(5):1375. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051375
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaszczewski, Piotr, Michal Elwertowski, Jerzy Leszczynski, Tomasz Ostrowski, and Zbigniew Galazka. 2020. "Volumetric Carotid Flow Characteristics in Doppler Ultrasonography in Healthy Population Over 65 Years Old" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 5: 1375. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051375