Long-Term Efficacy of the Workshop Vs. Online SUCCEAT (Supporting Carers of Children and Adolescents with Eating Disorders) Intervention for Parents: A Quasi-Randomised Feasibility Trial
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Recruitment and Randomisation
2.3. Interventions
2.3.1. Workshop Group
2.3.2. Online Group
2.3.3. Comparison Group
2.4. Assessments
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Participants
3.2. Adherence
3.3. Primary Outcome
3.4. Secondary Outcomes
3.5. Adverse Events
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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SUCCEAT Workshop Intervention (N = 50) | SUCCEAT Online Intervention (N = 50) | Group Difference | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Test Statistic (df) | p | |||
Carers (SUCCEAT Participants) | ||||
Females (N, %) | 42 (84.0%) | 44 (88.0%) | χ2 (1) = 0.332 | 0.564 |
Age (mean, SD) | 46.64 (5.43) | 47.72 (4.25) | t(98) = 1.108 | 0.271 |
Highest educational degree | ||||
university degree (N, %) | 30 (60.0%) | 23 (46.0%) | χ2 (2) = 2.885 | 0.236 |
A level degree (N, %) | 11 (22.0%) | 11 (22.0%) | ||
<A-level degree (N, %) | 9 (18.0%) | 16 (32.0%) | ||
Marital status | ||||
single (N, %) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (6.3%) | χ2 (2) = 3.481 | 0.175 |
married or living in partnership (N, %) | 42 (84.0%) | 36 (75.0%) | ||
divorced or widowed (N, %) | 8 (16.0%) | 9 (18.8%) | ||
Ethnicity | χ2 (1) = 0.000 | 1.000 | ||
Caucasian (N, %) | 49 (98%) | 49 (98%) | ||
Asian (N, %) | 1 (2%) | 1 (2%) | ||
Patients | ||||
Females (N, %) | 45 (90.0%) | 48 (96.0%) | χ2 (1) = 1.382 | 0.240 |
Age (mean, SD) | 14.66 (1.91) | 15.12 (1.80) | t(98) = 1.238 | 0.219 |
Eating disorder diagnosis | ||||
Anorexia nervosa—restrictive type (N, %) | 45 (90.0%) | 45 (90.0%) | χ2 (2) = 0.000 | 1.000 |
Anorexia nervosa—binge/purging type (N, %) | 4 (8.0%) | 4 (8.0%) | ||
Atypical anorexia nervosa (N, %) | 1 (2.0%) | 1 (2.0%) | ||
Eating disorder duration in months (mean, SD) | 10.41 (7.10) | 16.03 (16.03) | t(87) = 2.076 | 0.041 |
Type of treatment | ||||
Inpatient (N, %) | 24 (48.0%) | 24 (48.0%) | χ2 (1) = 0.000 | 1.000 |
Outpatients (N, %) | 26 (52.0%) | 26 (52.0%) | ||
BMI at baseline (Mean, SD) | 15.53 (2.13) | 16.36 (2.54) | t(96) = 1.743 | 0.084 |
Mean (SD) | ANOVA (F, p) | Cohen’s d (95% CI Lower; Upper) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline (T0) | 3M FU (T1) | 12M FU (T2) | Group | Time | Time × Group | T0-T1 | T0-T2 | |
GHQ Total Score a | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 4.41 (3.15) | 1.84 (2.74) | 1.94 (1.39) | 0.065 (0.800) | 36.252 (<0.001) | 0.752 (0.473) | 0.87 (0.48; 1.26) | 0.81 (0.42; 1.21) |
SUCCEAT Online | 4.33 (3.76) | 2.14 (2.92) | 1.39 (2.18) | 0.65 (0.31; 0.98) | 0.98 (0.50; 1.39) | |||
EDSIS Total Score | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 33.32 (15.02) | 22.59 (13.24) | 20.28 (16.29) | 2.421 (0.123) | 57.005 (<0.001) | 0.166 (0.847) | 0.75 (0.50; 1.00) | 0.83 (0.54; 1.12) |
SUCCEAT Online | 29.11 (12.70) | 19.83 (11.82) | 16.60 (11.41) | 0.76 (0.42; 1.09) | 1.04 (0.60; 1.47) | |||
EDSIS Nutrition b | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 16.61 (7.34) | 10.09 (5.78) | 8.09 (6.28) | 1.983 (0.162) | 99.430 (<0.001) | 0.747 (0.475) | 0.96 (0.69; 1.22) | 1.24 (0.91; 1.56) |
SUCCEAT Online | 14.38 (6.31) | 8.83 (5.83) | 7.24 (5.03) | 0.91 (0.58; 1.24) | 1.24 (0.80; 1.69) | |||
EDSIS Guilt b | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 7.80 (4.75) | 5.52 (3.96) | 5.17 (4.75) | 1.547 (0.217) | 19.856 (<0.001) | 0.534 (0.587) | 0.52 (0.22; 0.81) | 0.55 (0.26; 0.85) |
SUCCEAT Online | 6.51 (4.23) | 5.06 (3.52) | 4.33 (3.63) | 0.37 (0.08; 0.66) | 0.55 (0.19; 0.91) | |||
EDSIS Dysregulated Behavior b | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 6.02 (4.96) | 4.51 (4.21) | 4.53 (4.29) | 0.167 (0.683) | 9.651 (<0.001) | 0.197 (0.821) | 0.32 (0.12; 0.52) | 0.32 (0.05; 0.59) |
SUCCEAT Online | 5.64 (3.93) | 4.50 (3.36) | 4.07 (3.74) | 0.31 (0.03; 0.59) | 0.41 (0.08; 0.74) | |||
EDSIS Social Isolation b | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 2.87 (2.60) | 2.48 (2.72) | 2.49 (3.17) | 5.971 (0.016) | 7.190 (0.001) | 2.698 (0.070) | 0.14 (−0.16; 0.45) | 0.12 (−0,19; 0.45) |
SUCCEAT Online | 2.64 (2.82) | 1.43 (1.95) | 0.96 (1.50) | 0.50 (0.12; 0.87) | 0.73 (0.31; 1.15) | |||
SCL 90-R Total Mean Score | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 0.42 (0.36) | 0.24 (0.26) | 0.33 (0.37) | 0.003 (0.953) | 12.864 (<0.001) | 2.261 (0.107) | 0.53 (0.32; 0.75) | 0.25 (−0.02; 0.54) |
SUCCEAT Online | 0.43 (0.42) | 0.31 (0.36) | 0.26 (0.26) | 0.29 (0.03; 0.54) | 0.45 (0.12; 0.78) | |||
BDI Total Score | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 11.60 (7.01) | 6.45 (5.43) | 6.80 (6.24) | 0.155 (0.694) | 25.946 (<0.001) | 2.394 (0.094) | 0.80 (0.52; 1.08) | 0.72 (0.33; 1.12) |
SUCCEAT Online | 10.11 (7.03) | 7.72 (8.18) | 5.74 (5.97) | 0.31 (0.04; 0.58) | 0.67 (0.30; 1.03) | |||
STAI State Score c | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 49.44 (10.14) | 39.80 (10.16) | 37.85 (10.31) | 0.060 (0.807) | 42.972 (<0.001) | 3.312 (0.039) | 0.95 (0.57; 1.33) | 1.13 (0.73; 1.54) |
SUCCEAT Online | 45.98 (11.16) | 41.84 (12.17) | 37.99 (10.31) | 0.35 (0.06; 0.65) | 0.74 (0.40; 1.08) | |||
STAI Trait Score c | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 41.73 (8.61) | 37.86 (8.62) | 36.16 (9.65) | <0.001 (0.987) | 22.651 (<0.001) | 0.169 (0.845) | 0.45 (0.22; 0.68) | 0.61 (0.29; 0.92) |
SUCCEAT Online | 41.25 (10.15) | 38.01 (10.57) | 36.56 (9.50) | 0.31 (0.10; 0.52) | 0.48 (0.20; 0.75) |
Mean (SD) | ANOVA (F, p) | Cohen’s d (95% CI Lower; Upper) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline (T0) | 3M FU (T1) | 12M FU (T2) | Group | Time | Time × Group | T0–T1 | T0–T2 | |
CASK Total Score | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 64.64 (15.34) | 75.33 (13.68) | 79.53 (15.25) | 0.202 (0.654) | 51.351 (<0.001) | 0.636 (0.530) | 0.73 (0.40; 1.05) | 0.97 (0.56; 1.38) |
SUCCEAT Online | 65.20 (13.74) | 74.08 (12.63) | 77.01 (12.87) | 0.67 (0.35; 0.99) | 0.89 (0.55; 1.22) | |||
CASK Bigger Picture a | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 71.01 (17.63) | 79.14 (13.68) | 83.98 (15.38) | 0.530 (0.468) | 23.631 (<0.001) | 1.420 (0.244) | 0.51 (0.19; 0.83) | 0.78 (0.36; 1.21) |
SUCCEAT Online | 71.27 (14.22) | 78.60 (12.54) | 79.28 (13.80) | 0.54 (0.21; 0.88) | 0.57 (0.24; 0.90) | |||
CASK Selfcare a | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 57.23 (18.00) | 71.23 (17.00) | 76.37 (20.19) | 0.222 (0.638) | 59.621 (<0.001) | 0.012 (0.988) | 0.80 (0.44; 1.16) | 1.00 (0.60; 1.39) |
SUCCEAT Online | 58.33 (19.05) | 72.86 (14.69) | 77.57 (15.28) | 0.84 (0.53; 1.14) | 1.11 (0.70; 1.52) | |||
CASK Biting Tongue a | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 53.73 (20.44) | 72.20 (17.13) | 78.40 (19.11) | 0.178 (0.674) | 90.700 (<0.001) | 0.465 (0.629) | 0.97 (0.64; 1.30) | 1.25 (0.84; 1.64) |
SUCCEAT Online | 57.03 (22.07) | 72.56 (16.78) | 78.69 (15.78) | 0.78 (0.46; 1.10) | 1.10 (0.74; 1.45) | |||
CASK Insight and Acceptance a | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 68.67 (20.27) | 77.94 (17.99) | 82.11 (18.29) | 0.005 (0.944) | 32.987 (<0.001) | <0.001 (1.000) | 0.48 (0.23; 0.74) | 0.69 (0.39; 1.00) |
SUCCEAT Online | 68.50 (19.23) | 77.76 (14.57) | 81.85 (13.21) | 0.54 (0.21; 0.86) | 0.79 (0.43; 1.16) | |||
CASK Emotional Intelligence a | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 66.10 (19.03) | 74.54 (16.66) | 75.40 (17.07) | 2.652 (0.107) | 6.804 (0.001) | 1.606 (0.203) | 0.47 (0.15; 0.80) | 0.51 (0.13; 0.90) |
SUCCEAT Online | 65.36 (17.64) | 67.59 (18.50) | 69.20 (18.59) | 0.12 (−0.18; 0.42) | 0.21 (−0.10; 0.52) | |||
CASK Frustration Tolerance a | ||||||||
SUCCEAT Workshop | 64.45 (16.40) | 73.85 (15.02) | 78.13 (15.36) | 0.045 (0.833) | 37.927 (<0.001) | 0.347 (0.707) | 0.60 (0.26; 0.93) | 0.93 (0.51; 1.35) |
SUCCEAT Online | 64.88 (16.36) | 73.90 (14.31) | 75.84 (13.87) | 0.58 (0.26; 0.91) | 0.81 (0.44; 1.19) |
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Truttmann, S.; Philipp, J.; Zeiler, M.; Franta, C.; Wittek, T.; Merl, E.; Schöfbeck, G.; Koubek, D.; Laczkovics, C.; Imgart, H.; et al. Long-Term Efficacy of the Workshop Vs. Online SUCCEAT (Supporting Carers of Children and Adolescents with Eating Disorders) Intervention for Parents: A Quasi-Randomised Feasibility Trial. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 1912. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061912
Truttmann S, Philipp J, Zeiler M, Franta C, Wittek T, Merl E, Schöfbeck G, Koubek D, Laczkovics C, Imgart H, et al. Long-Term Efficacy of the Workshop Vs. Online SUCCEAT (Supporting Carers of Children and Adolescents with Eating Disorders) Intervention for Parents: A Quasi-Randomised Feasibility Trial. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(6):1912. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061912
Chicago/Turabian StyleTruttmann, Stefanie, Julia Philipp, Michael Zeiler, Claudia Franta, Tanja Wittek, Elisabeth Merl, Gabriele Schöfbeck, Doris Koubek, Clarissa Laczkovics, Hartmut Imgart, and et al. 2020. "Long-Term Efficacy of the Workshop Vs. Online SUCCEAT (Supporting Carers of Children and Adolescents with Eating Disorders) Intervention for Parents: A Quasi-Randomised Feasibility Trial" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 6: 1912. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061912