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Article

Clinical Characteristics and Disease Progression in Early-Stage COVID-19 Patients in South Korea

by
Min Hyuk Choi
1,2,†,
Hyunmin Ahn
3,†,
Han Seok Ryu
4,
Byung-Jun Kim
4,
Joonyong Jang
4,
Moonki Jung
4,
Jinuoung Kim
4 and
Seok Hoon Jeong
1,*
1
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Korea
2
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Armed Forces Daegu Hospital, Daegu 712-906, Korea
3
Department of Ophthalmology, Armed Forces Daegu Hospital, Daegu 712-906, Korea
4
Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Daegu Hospital, Daegu 712-906, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this study.
J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9(6), 1959; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061959
Submission received: 3 June 2020 / Revised: 19 June 2020 / Accepted: 19 June 2020 / Published: 23 June 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue COVID-19: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Practice)
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Abstract

A rapid increase in the number of patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) may overwhelm the available medical resources. We aimed to evaluate risk factors for disease severity in the early stages of COVID-19. The cohort comprised 293 patients with COVID-19 from 5 March 2020, to 18 March 2020. The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) classification system was used to triage patients. The clinical course was summarized, including the impact of drugs (angiotensin II receptor blockers [ARB], ibuprofen, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors [DPP4i]) and the therapeutic effect of lopinavir/ritonavir. After adjusting for confounding variables, prior history of drug use, including ARB, ibuprofen, and DPP4i was not a risk factor associated with disease progression. Patients treated with lopinavir/ritonavir had significantly shorter progression-free survival than those not receiving lopinavir/ritonavir. KCDC classification I clearly distinguished the improvement/stabilization group from the progression group of COVID-19 patients (AUC 0.817; 95% CI, 0.740–0.895).
Keywords: coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19); severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB); ibuprofen; Korea centers for disease control and prevention (KCDC) classification coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19); severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB); ibuprofen; Korea centers for disease control and prevention (KCDC) classification

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MDPI and ACS Style

Choi, M.H.; Ahn, H.; Ryu, H.S.; Kim, B.-J.; Jang, J.; Jung, M.; Kim, J.; Jeong, S.H. Clinical Characteristics and Disease Progression in Early-Stage COVID-19 Patients in South Korea. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 1959. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061959

AMA Style

Choi MH, Ahn H, Ryu HS, Kim B-J, Jang J, Jung M, Kim J, Jeong SH. Clinical Characteristics and Disease Progression in Early-Stage COVID-19 Patients in South Korea. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(6):1959. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061959

Chicago/Turabian Style

Choi, Min Hyuk, Hyunmin Ahn, Han Seok Ryu, Byung-Jun Kim, Joonyong Jang, Moonki Jung, Jinuoung Kim, and Seok Hoon Jeong. 2020. "Clinical Characteristics and Disease Progression in Early-Stage COVID-19 Patients in South Korea" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 6: 1959. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061959

APA Style

Choi, M. H., Ahn, H., Ryu, H. S., Kim, B.-J., Jang, J., Jung, M., Kim, J., & Jeong, S. H. (2020). Clinical Characteristics and Disease Progression in Early-Stage COVID-19 Patients in South Korea. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(6), 1959. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061959

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