Development of an Air-Recirculated Ventilation System for a Piglet House, Part 2: Determination of the Optimal Module Combination Using the Numerical Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Target Facility
2.2. Balance Equations of Environment inside the Experimental Piglet Room
2.3. Design Equation of the ARVS
2.4. Numerical Design Condition of the ARVS
2.5. Validation of the Numerical Model of the ARVS
2.6. Case Studies with the Numerical Model of the ARVS
3. Results and Discussions
3.1. Design and Validation of the Numerical Model of the ARVS
3.2. The Results of the Gas Concentration According to the Ventilation Rate and Outdoor Air Mixing Ratio
3.3. Air Temperature and Relative Humidity Results in the Experimental Piglet Room with the ARVS Applied
3.4. Example of Optimal Operation for ARVS
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Contents | Value |
---|---|
Heads of piglets | 174 |
Weight of each piglet (kg) | 15 |
Daily feed energy | 3.44 |
Total heat (kcal·h−1·head−1) (in 34.5 °C) | 79 |
Sensible heat (kcal·h−1·head−1) (in 34.5 °C) | 25 |
Latent heat (kcal·h−1·head−1) (in 34.5 °C) | 54 |
Case 1 | Case 2 | Case 3 | Case 4 | Case 5 | Case 6 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infiltration rate (%) | 10 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 5 | 1 |
Ventilation rate (CMM) | 100 | 80 |
Descriptive Statistics | Acronyms | Equations |
---|---|---|
Mean Bias Errors | MBE (%) | |
Root Mean Square Error | RMSE |
Schematic Diagram of the ARVS | |
System 1 | Basic module |
System 2 | Basic module + (1) |
System 3 | Basic module + (2) |
System 4 | Basic module + (3) |
System 5 | Basic module + (1), (2) |
System 6 | Basic module + (1), (3) |
System 7 | Basic module + (2), (3) |
System 8 | Basic module + (1), (2), (3) |
Environmental condition | |
Outdoor air temperature (°C) | −0, 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 |
Outdoor air relative humidity (%) | 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 |
Ventilation rate (CMM) | 40, 70, 100, 130, 160 |
Mixing ratio of outdoor air (%) | 10, 30, 50, 70, 90 |
Total cases | |
10,800 |
Case 1 | Case 2 | Case 3 | Case 4 | Case 5 | Case 6 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MBE (%) | 9.38 | 6.59 | 8.15 | 2.45 | 1.29 | 0.23 |
RMSE | 3.19 | 2.78 | 2.25 | 0.83 | 0.44 | 0.11 |
External Air Temperature (°C) | External Relative Humidity (%) | Ventilation Rate (CMM) | Mixing Ratio of External Air (%) | Air Condition Inside the Piglet Room | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Temp (°C) | RH (%) | Temp (°C) | RH (%) | Temp (°C) | RH (%) | Temp (°C) | RH (%) | ||||
System 1 | System 2 | System 3 | System 4 | ||||||||
35 | 90 | 160 | 10 | 38.7 | 100 | 39.1 | 100 | 39.2 | 100 | 39.2 | 100 |
160 | 30 | 37.3 | 98 | 37.8 | 95 | 37.7 | 96 | 38.0 | 95 | ||
160 | 50 | 36.5 | 94 | 37.2 | 91 | 36.8 | 93 | 37.4 | 91 | ||
160 | 70 | 36.3 | 92 | 37.0 | 89 | 36.4 | 91 | 37.1 | 88 | ||
160 | 90 | 36.2 | 90 | 37.0 | 87 | 36.3 | 90 | 37.0 | 87 | ||
15 | 90 | 100 | 10 | 34.5 | 100 | 36.0 | 100 | 36.5 | 100 | 36.6 | 100 |
100 | 30 | 26.6 | 85 | 29.4 | 73 | 28.9 | 79 | 30.7 | 76 | ||
100 | 50 | 23.5 | 80 | 27.0 | 66 | 25.8 | 73 | 28.0 | 67 | ||
100 | 70 | 22.0 | 77 | 25.8 | 63 | 24.1 | 70 | 26.4 | 63 | ||
100 | 90 | 21.0 | 76 | 25.0 | 61 | 23.1 | 68 | 25.3 | 61 | ||
−5 | 90 | 70 | 10 | 31.0 | 100 | 33.4 | 100 | 34.2 | 100 | 34.2 | 100 |
70 | 30 | 18.5 | 88 | 23.2 | 68 | 24.1 | 77 | 25.5 | 75 | ||
70 | 50 | 12.2 | 79 | 18.2 | 57 | 18.1 | 65 | 20.0 | 62 | ||
70 | 70 | 8.8 | 72 | 15.5 | 52 | 14.4 | 58 | 16.6 | 54 | ||
70 | 90 | 6.7 | 68 | 13.8 | 48 | 12.0 | 54 | 14.1 | 49 | ||
System 5 | System 6 | System 7 | System 8 | ||||||||
35 | 90 | 160 | 10 | 39.5 | 100 | 39.4 | 100 | 39.6 | 100 | 39.6 | 100 |
160 | 30 | 38.3 | 94 | 38.4 | 93 | 38.4 | 94 | 38.7 | 92 | ||
160 | 50 | 37.6 | 89 | 38.0 | 88 | 37.7 | 90 | 38.2 | 87 | ||
160 | 70 | 37.4 | 87 | 37.8 | 85 | 37.4 | 87 | 37.9 | 85 | ||
160 | 90 | 37.2 | 86 | 37.8 | 83 | 37.2 | 86 | 37.8 | 83 | ||
15 | 90 | 100 | 10 | 37.7 | 100 | 37.2 | 100 | 37.9 | 100 | 38.1 | 100 |
100 | 30 | 32.3 | 67 | 32.8 | 65 | 33.0 | 71 | 34.2 | 64 | ||
100 | 50 | 30.2 | 58 | 31.0 | 55 | 30.6 | 61 | 32.6 | 53 | ||
100 | 70 | 29.0 | 54 | 30.1 | 51 | 29.2 | 56 | 31.7 | 48 | ||
100 | 90 | 28.3 | 52 | 29.6 | 48 | 28.2 | 52 | 31.1 | 45 | ||
−5 | 90 | 70 | 10 | 36.0 | 100 | 35.3 | 100 | 36.3 | 100 | 36.6 | 100 |
70 | 30 | 29.5 | 60 | 28.8 | 57 | 30.3 | 68 | 32.1 | 57 | ||
70 | 50 | 25.6 | 46 | 25.4 | 43 | 26.3 | 51 | 29.3 | 41 | ||
70 | 70 | 23.1 | 39 | 23.3 | 37 | 23.5 | 42 | 27.4 | 33 | ||
70 | 90 | 21.4 | 35 | 22.0 | 33 | 21.4 | 36 | 26.1 | 29 |
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Kim, J.-g.; Lee, I.-b.; Lee, S.-y.; Jeong, D.-y.; Choi, Y.-b.; Cho, J.-h.; Kim, R.-w.; Aarnink, A. Development of an Air-Recirculated Ventilation System for a Piglet House, Part 2: Determination of the Optimal Module Combination Using the Numerical Model. Agriculture 2022, 12, 1533. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12101533
Kim J-g, Lee I-b, Lee S-y, Jeong D-y, Choi Y-b, Cho J-h, Kim R-w, Aarnink A. Development of an Air-Recirculated Ventilation System for a Piglet House, Part 2: Determination of the Optimal Module Combination Using the Numerical Model. Agriculture. 2022; 12(10):1533. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12101533
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Jun-gyu, In-bok Lee, Sang-yeon Lee, Deuk-young Jeong, Young-bae Choi, Jeong-hwa Cho, Rack-woo Kim, and Andre Aarnink. 2022. "Development of an Air-Recirculated Ventilation System for a Piglet House, Part 2: Determination of the Optimal Module Combination Using the Numerical Model" Agriculture 12, no. 10: 1533. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12101533