Effects of Mechanization and Investments on the Technical Efficiency of Cassava Farms in Cambodia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area and Data Collection
2.2. Analytical Framework
3. Results
3.1. Parameter Estimates of the Stochastic Frontier Production Function
3.2. Estimated Production Function and Production Technical Inefficiency Model
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Definition | Unit | Mean | St. Dev. | Min. | Max. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Production function | ||||||
yield | Yield | Tons per ha | 17.56 | 9.11 | 0.50 | 52.63 |
laborhire | Labor-hire cost | Riel per ha | 491,924.95 | 446,503.15 | 0.00 | 2,688,889.00 |
rentland | Field rent cost | Riel per ha | 100,025.45 | 274,794.95 | 0.00 | 1,380,000.00 |
seeding | First seedling cost | Riel per ha | 153,892.12 | 382,999.80 | 0.00 | 2,875,000.00 |
seedreplant | Replanting seedling cost | Riel per ha | 39,978.05 | 111,603.78 | 0.00 | 871,212.13 |
fuel | Machine fuel cost | Riel per ha | 79,854.05 | 90,109.79 | 0.00 | 477,400.00 |
fertilizer | Fertilizer cost | Riel per ha | 104,713.20 | 151,631.70 | 0.00 | 920,000.00 |
otherchem | Other chemical input costs | Riel per ha | 186,183.50 | 146,758.70 | 0.00 | 825,000.00 |
tractor | Tractor or truck-purchase cost | Riel per ha | 201,427.07 | 649,136.56 | 0.00 | 7,085,715.00 |
sprayer | Sprayer-purchase cost | Riel per ha | 9413.91 | 23,893.60 | 0.00 | 289,916.00 |
tractorhireha | Tractor or truck-hire cost | Riel per ha | 501,103.47 | 312,768.86 | 0.00 | 1,467,500.00 |
uprootinghire | Uprooting machine-hire cost | Riel per ha | 78,940.14 | 105,360.10 | 0.00 | 410,714.28 |
Technical efficiency function | ||||||
age | Age | Years | 49.00 | 13.29 | 21 | 78 |
cafarmingtimes | Cassava-farming experience | Times | 4.08 | 3.03 | 0.00 | 16.00 |
#offarmmem | Number of cassava-farming family members | Persons | 2.55 | 1.06 | 0.00 | 6.00 |
fieldratio | Ratio of cassava field size to total field size | Cassava farm size (ha)/total farm size (ha) | 0.73 | 0.30 | 0.09 | 1.00 |
density | Density of seed planting | Plants/ha/10,000 | 2.51 | 0.88 | 0.83 | 6.66 |
Variable | Coefficient | Std. Dev. | |
---|---|---|---|
Stochastic frontier production function | |||
Dep. var.: the cassava yield per ha | |||
lnlaborhire | 0.004 | (0.005) | |
lnrentland | −0.006 | (0.005) | |
lnseedling | −0.002 | (0.004) | |
lnseedreplant | 0.002 | (0.006) | |
lnfuel | 0.005 | (0.007) | |
lnfertilizer | 0.005 | (0.005) | |
lnotherchem | −0.002 | (0.009) | |
lntractor | 0.002 | (0.005) | |
lnsprayer | −0.004 | (0.005) | |
lntractorhire | 0.011 | * | (0.0064) |
lnuprootinghire | −0.016 | *** | (0.004) |
Constant | 3.008 | *** | (0.184) |
Production technical inefficiency model | |||
Dep. var.: technical production inefficiency | |||
age | −0.063 | (0.085) | |
cafarmingtimes | 0.180 | (0.204) | |
#offarmmem | 0.290 | (0.385) | |
fieldratio | −0.722 | (1.624) | |
density | −0.214 | (0.560) | |
Constant | 1.168 | (1.670) | |
Usigma | |||
Constant | −0.887 | (1.403) | |
Vsigma | |||
Constant | −2.583 | *** | (0.592) |
1.179 | *** | [1.137–1.220] | |
0.275 | *** | (0.081) | |
LL | −159.385 | ||
n | 205 |
Obs | Mean | Std. | Min. | Max. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 205 | 0.624 | 0.199 | 0.021 | 0.921 |
Battambang | 144 | 0.604 | 0.202 | 0.021 | 0.921 |
Pailin | 61 | 0.671 | 0.186 | 0.162 | 0.899 |
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Baba, T.; Nomura, H.; Srean, P.; Than, T.; Ito, K. Effects of Mechanization and Investments on the Technical Efficiency of Cassava Farms in Cambodia. Agriculture 2022, 12, 441. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12040441
Baba T, Nomura H, Srean P, Than T, Ito K. Effects of Mechanization and Investments on the Technical Efficiency of Cassava Farms in Cambodia. Agriculture. 2022; 12(4):441. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12040441
Chicago/Turabian StyleBaba, Tamon, Hisako Nomura, Pao Srean, Tha Than, and Kasumi Ito. 2022. "Effects of Mechanization and Investments on the Technical Efficiency of Cassava Farms in Cambodia" Agriculture 12, no. 4: 441. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12040441
APA StyleBaba, T., Nomura, H., Srean, P., Than, T., & Ito, K. (2022). Effects of Mechanization and Investments on the Technical Efficiency of Cassava Farms in Cambodia. Agriculture, 12(4), 441. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12040441