Improve the Constructive Design of a Furrow Diking Rotor Aimed at Increasing Water Consumption Efficiency in Sunflower Farming Systems
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Research Approach and Expected Output
- Improved water conservation in the soil, as well as reduced evaporation in the root zone;
- Prevention of the performance of a second mechanical plow, which is required in classical technologies;
- Highly effective control measure for weeds in the area between the plants;
- Increased agricultural production by more than 10%, as well as increased efficiency of precipitation capitalization by more than 1.4 kg/ha, per mm of precipitation;
- Improved soil quality through the reduction of topsoil migration due to strong winds;
- Reduced soil loss on sloping terrain caused by rainfall.
2.2. Working Conditions and Environmental Characteristics
2.3. Determination of Agricultural Soil Characteristics
2.4. Description of the Equipment Used for Modeling Soil Compartmentalized Furrows
2.5. Modeling of the Working Process for the Working Surface with the Blade-Type Active Surface–Blade
- -
- The absolute mean, Vma, is calculated with the relation:
- -
- The mean square deviation, σa, is calculated with the relation:
- -
- Variation index, Va, is calculated with the relation:
2.6. Optimization of the Equipment for Opening and Compartmenting Furrows for Sunflower Crop
2.7. Design and Testing of Rotor Blades in Accordance with Optimization Calculations
2.8. Evaluation Method of Rainfall Water Efficiency for the Sunflower Crop
3. Results
3.1. Determination of Soil Characteristics
Determination of Penetration Resistance
3.2. Determination of Qualitative Indices for the Equipment for Creating Compartmentalized Furrows
3.2.1. Determination of Quality Indices for Equipment Equipped with Standard Rotor with Straight Blades
3.2.2. Determining Fuel Consumption and Energy Indicators
4. Discussion
4.1. Efficiency in the Usage of the Furrow Compartmenting Equipment (Furrow Diking System)
4.2. Evaluation of the Water Usage and Storage Efficiency from Rainfall
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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The Main Quality Indices (Standard Blade) | Hb [cm] | Hd [cm] | Bb [cm] | Bd [cm] | Ld [cm] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | 16 | 40.5 | 9.7 | 300 |
18 | 13 | 40 | 9.2 | 275 | |
19 | 15 | 41 | 8.9 | 270 | |
18 | 14 | 42 | 11.0 | 250 | |
20 | 15 | 39.5 | 10.7 | 260 | |
Absolute average, Vma, [cm] | 19 | 14.6 | 40.6 | 9.9 | 271 |
The mean square deviation, σa, [cm] | 1.0 | 1.14 | 0.96 | 0.92 | 18.84 |
Variation index, Va [%] | 5.26 | 7.81 | 2.37 | 9.28 | 6.95 |
The Main Quality Indices (Optimized Right Blade) | Hb [cm] | Hd [cm] | Bb [cm] | Bd [cm] | Ld [cm] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | 18 | 48 | 17 | 280 |
22 | 17.5 | 49 | 16 | 290 | |
21 | 17 | 46 | 15 | 270 | |
23 | 17 | 48.5 | 16 | 260 | |
22 | 18 | 46.5 | 18 | 265 | |
Absolute average, Vma, [cm] | 21.6 | 17.5 | 47.6 | 16.4 | 273 |
The mean square deviation, σa, [cm] | 1.14 | 0.5 | 1.25 | 1.14 | 12.04 |
Variation index, Va [%] | 5.28 | 2.86 | 2.64 | 6.95 | 4.41 |
The Main Quality Indices (Optimized Inclined Blade) | Hb [cm] | Hd [cm] | Bb [cm] | Bd [cm] | Ld [cm] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23.5 | 17.5 | 49 | 18 | 285 |
23 | 19 | 46 | 16.5 | 290 | |
24 | 17 | 47 | 17 | 270 | |
22.5 | 19 | 50 | 15.5 | 265 | |
21 | 18.5 | 48 | 16 | 260 | |
Absolute average, Vma, [cm] | 22.8 | 18.2 | 48 | 16.6 | 274 |
The mean square deviation, σa, [cm] | 1.21 | 0.91 | 1.0 | 0.96 | 13.51 |
Variation index, Va [%] | 5.33 | 5.0 | 2.1 | 5.8 | 4.93 |
The Main Quality Indices for the Curved Blade | Hb [cm] | Hd [cm] | Bb [cm] | Bd [cm] | Ld [cm] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24 | 19.5 | 50 | 16 | 290 |
22 | 19 | 48 | 17 | 260 | |
21.5 | 20 | 47 | 18.5 | 270 | |
23 | 20 | 49 | 17.5 | 280 | |
24.5 | 21 | 51 | 16.5 | 270 | |
Absolute average, Vma, [cm] | 23 | 19.9 | 49 | 17.1 | 274 |
The mean square deviation, σa, [cm] | 1.27 | 0.,59 | 1.58 | 0.96 | 11.4 |
Variation index, Va [%] | 5.54 | 2.96 | 3.1 | 5.62 | 4.16 |
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Nenciu, F.; Oprescu, M.R.; Biris, S.-S. Improve the Constructive Design of a Furrow Diking Rotor Aimed at Increasing Water Consumption Efficiency in Sunflower Farming Systems. Agriculture 2022, 12, 846. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12060846
Nenciu F, Oprescu MR, Biris S-S. Improve the Constructive Design of a Furrow Diking Rotor Aimed at Increasing Water Consumption Efficiency in Sunflower Farming Systems. Agriculture. 2022; 12(6):846. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12060846
Chicago/Turabian StyleNenciu, Florin, Marius Remus Oprescu, and Sorin-Stefan Biris. 2022. "Improve the Constructive Design of a Furrow Diking Rotor Aimed at Increasing Water Consumption Efficiency in Sunflower Farming Systems" Agriculture 12, no. 6: 846. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12060846