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Article

Experimental Investigation into the Effects of Deep-Sea Environment on Thermophysical Properties of Hydraulic System Working Fluids

by
Wei Wang
1,2,
Jiawang Chen
1,3,*,
Peiwen Lin
1,
Jin Guo
1,2,
Ying Wang
1,
Peng Zhou
1,
Jianling Zhou
1,
Daohua Chen
4,5,
Yinan Deng
4,5 and
Chunliang Chen
5
1
Institute of Ocean Engineering and Technology, Zhoushan 316021, China
2
Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China
3
Donghai Laboratory, Zhoushan 316021, China
4
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
5
Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510075, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(4), 630; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13040630
Submission received: 3 March 2025 / Revised: 16 March 2025 / Accepted: 20 March 2025 / Published: 21 March 2025
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Abstract

The thermophysical properties of working fluids serve as a fundamental basis for the design and analysis of subsea hydraulic systems. Precise characterization of hydraulic oil properties—including bulk modulus, thermal conductivity, and viscosity—is critical for optimizing system efficiency and energy conservation in deep-sea applications. However, no existing model accurately describes the variation patterns of these parameters across full-ocean-depth pressure ranges (0.1–110 MPa) and wide temperature intervals (2–70 °C). In this study, No. 10 aviation hydraulic oil was selected as the test medium. An experimental apparatus was developed to measure its properties, with subsequent data analysis revealing distinct temperature- and pressure-dependent trends. Empirical equations for bulk modulus, thermal conductivity, and viscosity–temperature–pressure relationships were derived, achieving coefficients of determination (R2) of 97.96%, 98.27%, and 94.608%, respectively.
Keywords: full-ocean-depth environment; bulk modulus; thermal conductivity; viscosity; viscosity–temperature–pressure equation fitting full-ocean-depth environment; bulk modulus; thermal conductivity; viscosity; viscosity–temperature–pressure equation fitting

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wang, W.; Chen, J.; Lin, P.; Guo, J.; Wang, Y.; Zhou, P.; Zhou, J.; Chen, D.; Deng, Y.; Chen, C. Experimental Investigation into the Effects of Deep-Sea Environment on Thermophysical Properties of Hydraulic System Working Fluids. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13, 630. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13040630

AMA Style

Wang W, Chen J, Lin P, Guo J, Wang Y, Zhou P, Zhou J, Chen D, Deng Y, Chen C. Experimental Investigation into the Effects of Deep-Sea Environment on Thermophysical Properties of Hydraulic System Working Fluids. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2025; 13(4):630. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13040630

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang, Wei, Jiawang Chen, Peiwen Lin, Jin Guo, Ying Wang, Peng Zhou, Jianling Zhou, Daohua Chen, Yinan Deng, and Chunliang Chen. 2025. "Experimental Investigation into the Effects of Deep-Sea Environment on Thermophysical Properties of Hydraulic System Working Fluids" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 4: 630. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13040630

APA Style

Wang, W., Chen, J., Lin, P., Guo, J., Wang, Y., Zhou, P., Zhou, J., Chen, D., Deng, Y., & Chen, C. (2025). Experimental Investigation into the Effects of Deep-Sea Environment on Thermophysical Properties of Hydraulic System Working Fluids. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 13(4), 630. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13040630

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