Methionine-Functionalized Graphene Oxide/Sodium Alginate Bio-Polymer Nanocomposite Hydrogel Beads: Synthesis, Isotherm and Kinetic Studies for an Adsorptive Removal of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Segments
2.1. Materials and Instruments
2.2. Synthesis of Met-GO/SA Polymer Nanocomposite Hydrogel Beads and Individual Components
2.2.1. Synthesis of GO
2.2.2. Synthesis of Met-GO
2.2.3. Synthesis of Met-GO/SA Beads
2.3. Adsorption Studies
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of Met-GO/SA
3.1.1. FTIR Analysis
3.1.2. XRD Analysis
3.1.3. HR-TEM Analysis
3.1.4. FE-SEM Analysis
3.1.5. TGA/DTG Analysis
3.2. Adsorption Tests
3.2.1. Effect of Solution pH
3.2.2. Effect of Adsorbent Dosage
3.2.3. Effect of Contact Time
3.2.4. Effect of Initial Concentration
3.3. Adsorption Isotherm Studies
3.4. Adsorption Kinetic Studies
3.5. Adsorption Thermodynamics Studies
3.6. Effect of Ionic Strength of Solution
3.7. Comparison with Other Adsorbents for FQs Antibiotics Removal
3.8. Regeneration and Reusability of Met-GO/SA
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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FQ Antibiotic | Structure | Formula | Weight (g mol−1) | λmax (nm) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Moxifloxacin | | C21H24FN3O4 | 401.431 | 290 | [32] |
Ofloxacin | | C18H20FN3O4 | 361.368 | 288 | [33] |
Materials | 2θ (°) | FWHM | d-Spacing (Å) | Size (nm) |
---|---|---|---|---|
GO | 10.26 20.13 42.51 | 1.15 7.27 5.02 | 10.40 | 3.29 |
Met-GO | 9.21 18.51 21.74 42.48 | 0.92 4.98 3.91 2.38 | 10.71 | 3.92 |
Met-GO/SA | 10.05 20.92 42.59 | 7.13 6.46 6.38 | 10.43 | 1.19 |
Isotherm Models | Moxifloxacin (MOX) | Ofloxacin (OFX) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
GO/SA | Met-GO/SA | GO/SA | Met-GO/SA | ||
Langmuir model | qm (mg/g) | 2.00 | 4.115 | 1.798 | 3.436 |
KL (L/mg) | 0.157 | 0.101 | 0.108 | 0.147 | |
RL | 0.241 | 0.331 | 0.316 | 0.253 | |
R2 | 0.963 | 0.965 | 0.979 | 0.827 | |
Freundlich model | KF (mg/g)(mg/L)n | 1.640 | 2.844 | 1.132 | 5.675 |
n | 1.655 | 1.644 | 1.589 | 2.00 | |
R2 | 0.947 | 0.905 | 0.967 | 0.754 |
Kinetic Models | Parameters | Moxifloxacin (MOX) | Ofloxacin (OFX) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
GO/SA | Met-GO/SA | GO/SA | Met-GO/SA | ||
Pseudo-first order | k1 | 0.021 | 0.037 | 0.024 | 0.014 |
qe (mg/g) | 1.595 | 1.208 | 1.493 | 1.203 | |
R2 | 0.879 | 0.992 | 0.893 | 0.954 | |
Pseudo-second order | k2 | 0.057 | 0.040 | 0.004 | 0.026 |
qe (mg/g) | 0.854 | 1.552 | 1.254 | 1.414 | |
R2 | 0.996 | 0.998 | 0.986 | 0.977 | |
Intraparticle diffusion model | kid (mg/g/min) | 0.028 | 0.067 | 0.058 | 0.072 |
C | 0.400 | 0.620 | 0.115 | 0.415 | |
R2 | 0.962 | 0.942 | 0.990 | 0.954 |
Adsorbate | ΔH° (kJ/mol) | ΔS° (J/mol/K) | ΔG° (kJ/mol) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
308 K | 318 K | 328 K | |||
MOX | −24.19 | −62.59 | −4.573 | −3.923 | −3.283 |
OFX | −15.38 | −35.63 | −4.094 | −4.013 | −3.351 |
Adsorbent | FQ Antibiotic | qmax (mg/g) | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Natural Clinoptilolite Clinoptilolite H-Form | Moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin | 1.72 2.71 | [73] |
Activated carbon nanoparticles (AC) | Tetracycline | 1.98 | [74] |
AC(PPZ)KOH | Ciprofloxacin | 2.353 | [75] |
Modified coal fly ash | Ciprofloxacin | 1.547 | [76] |
MIPs | Norfloxacin | 2.99 | [77] |
Nano- Hydroxyapatite | Norfloxacin Ciprofloxacin | 1.486 1.271 | [78] |
Fe3O4/CD/AC/SA | Norfloxacin Ciprofloxacin | 2.551 3.125 | [79] |
Spent black tea leaves (SBTL) | Ofloxacin | −3.356 | [80] |
Nonporous SiO2 | Ofloxacin | 2.1 | [81] |
GO/SA | Moxifloxacin Ofloxacin | 2.0 1.798 | This study |
Met-GO/SA | Moxifloxacin Ofloxacin | 4.115 3.436 | This study |
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Yadav, S.; Asthana, A.; Singh, A.K.; Chakraborty, R.; Vidya, S.S.; Singh, A.; Carabineiro, S.A.C. Methionine-Functionalized Graphene Oxide/Sodium Alginate Bio-Polymer Nanocomposite Hydrogel Beads: Synthesis, Isotherm and Kinetic Studies for an Adsorptive Removal of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 568. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11030568
Yadav S, Asthana A, Singh AK, Chakraborty R, Vidya SS, Singh A, Carabineiro SAC. Methionine-Functionalized Graphene Oxide/Sodium Alginate Bio-Polymer Nanocomposite Hydrogel Beads: Synthesis, Isotherm and Kinetic Studies for an Adsorptive Removal of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11(3):568. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11030568
Chicago/Turabian StyleYadav, Sushma, Anupama Asthana, Ajaya Kumar Singh, Rupa Chakraborty, S. Sree Vidya, Ambrish Singh, and Sónia A. C. Carabineiro. 2021. "Methionine-Functionalized Graphene Oxide/Sodium Alginate Bio-Polymer Nanocomposite Hydrogel Beads: Synthesis, Isotherm and Kinetic Studies for an Adsorptive Removal of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics" Nanomaterials 11, no. 3: 568. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11030568