Retention of Phthalates in Wine Using Nanomaterials as Chemically Modified Clays with H20, H30, H40 Boltron Dendrimers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Modification of Clay-Based Material
2.3. Preparation of Phthalic Solutions and Synthetic Solutions of Pollutants
2.4. Determination of the Degree of Protein Stability
2.5. Characterization of the Prepared Nanomaterials
3. Results and Discussions
3.1. BET Analysis
3.2. DRX Analysis
3.3. FTIR Analysis
3.4. Analysis of Synthesized Wine Samples Using the Nephelometric and UV–Vis Spectroscopic Methods
3.4.1. Analysis of the Synthesized Wine Using the Turbidimetric Method
3.4.2. UV–Vis Spectroscopic Analysis
3.5. Determination of Phthalate Concentrations by GC–MS
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Name | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
NBt | NBtH20 | NBtH30 | NBtH40 | |
Specific Surface Area (m2·g−1) | 18.74 | 8.68 | 7.84 | 8.58 |
Total Pore Volume (cm3·g−1) | 0.034 | 0.024 | 0.020 | 0.021 |
Average Pore Diameter (nm) | 7.18 | 11.06 | 10.17 | 9.67 |
NBt (cm−1) | NBtH20 (cm−1) | NBtH30 (cm−1) | NBtH40 (cm−1) | Assignements |
---|---|---|---|---|
517 | 557 | 518 | 521 | Al–O–Si stretching |
648 | 627 | OH bending | ||
694 | 696 | 698 | Quartz | |
712 | Free or Amorphous Silica | |||
785 | (Al, Mg)–O–H | |||
790 | Si–O stretching Si–O–Al stretching | |||
801 | 810 | Al–Mg–OH bending | ||
843 | ||||
881 | 895 | 885 | 879 | Al–Fe–OH bending |
921 | 922 | 912 | Al–Al–OH bending | |
1005 | 1059 | 1028 | 1047 | Si–O–Si, Si–O stretching of silica and quartz Si–O stretching, in plane |
1119 | 1196 | 1165 | Si–O stretching, out of plane | |
1339 | 1362 | 1360 | CO3 stretching of calcite and dolomite | |
1638 | 1655 | 1656 | 1647 | OH bending, hydration |
3353 | OH stretching, hydration | |||
3611 | 3736 3856 | 3674 3854 | 3678 3747 | OH stretching |
3676 | ||||
3736 |
Clays Samples | Index of Total Polyphenols—ITP | Total Phenolic Substances—TPS (Galic Acid Eq., mg·L−1) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
50 µL | 100 µL | 250 µL | 500 µL | 50 µL | 100 µL | 250 µL | 500 µL | |
Aligoté | 8.65 ± 0.0121 | 136.77 ± 0.040 | ||||||
NBt | 8.58 ± 0.025 | 7.63 ± 0.044 | 7.65 ± 0.069 | 7.84 ± 0.042 | 135.64 ± 0.055 | 107.92 ± 0.045 | 108.82 ± 0.043 | 113.87 ± 0.014 |
NBtH20 | 8.57 ± 0.023 | 7.61 ± 0.045 | 7.52 ± 0.026 | 7.70 ± 0.046 | 134.38 ± 0.041 | 105.64 ± 0.057 | 103.37 ± 0.069 | 113.28 ± 0.085 |
NBtH30 | 8.79 ± 0.031 | 8.28 ± 0.018 | 8.00 ± 0.092 | 7.33 ± 0.071 | 141.19 ± 0.088 | 130.95 ± 0.055 | 121.25 ± 0.099 | 99.8 ± 0.073 |
NBtH40 | 7.31 ± 0.038 | 8.32 ± 0.055 | 8.09 ± 0.050 | 7.85 ± 0.049 | 98.87 ± 0.042 | 129.13 ± 0.091 | 127.05 ± 0.040 | 116.71 ± 0.075 |
Cinnamic Phenolic Substances—CPS (Caffeic Acid Eq., mg·L−1) | Phenolic Flavonoid Substances—PFS (Catechin Eq., mg·L−1) | |||||||
Aligoté | 38.06 ± 0.050 | 2.13 ± 0.027 | ||||||
NBt | 39.41 ± 0.030 | 38.73 ± 0.025 | 40.45 ± 0.072 | 40.64 ± 0.063 | 1.99 ± 0.016 | 1.09 ± 0.024 | 0.99 ± 0.058 | 1.12 ± 0.098 |
NBtH20 | 39.27 ± 0.085 | 38.19 ± 0.057 | 39.14 ± 0.070 | 38.05 ± 0.061 | 1.94 ± 0.067 | 1.04 ± 0.063 | 0.94 ± 0.068 | 1.02 ± 0.057 |
NBtH30 | 41.69 ± 0.046 | 42.02 ± 0.040 | 40.21 ± 0.062 | 40.06 ± 0.093 | 2.00 ± 0.054 | 1.64 ± 0.044 | 1.37 ± 0.082 | 1.00 ± 0.085 |
NBtH40 | 31.45 ± 0.087 | 40.21 ± 0.075 | 39.45 ± 0.092 | 36.74 ± 0.031 | 1.20 ± 0.075 | 1.71 ± 0.035 | 1.61 ± 0.077 | 1.29 ± 0.068 |
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Hortolomeu, A.; Mirila, D.-C.; Georgescu, A.-M.; Rosu, A.-M.; Scutaru, Y.; Nedeff, F.-M.; Sturza, R.; Nistor, I.D. Retention of Phthalates in Wine Using Nanomaterials as Chemically Modified Clays with H20, H30, H40 Boltron Dendrimers. Nanomaterials 2023, 13, 2301. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13162301
Hortolomeu A, Mirila D-C, Georgescu A-M, Rosu A-M, Scutaru Y, Nedeff F-M, Sturza R, Nistor ID. Retention of Phthalates in Wine Using Nanomaterials as Chemically Modified Clays with H20, H30, H40 Boltron Dendrimers. Nanomaterials. 2023; 13(16):2301. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13162301
Chicago/Turabian StyleHortolomeu, Andreea, Diana-Carmen Mirila, Ana-Maria Georgescu, Ana-Maria Rosu, Yuri Scutaru, Florin-Marian Nedeff, Rodica Sturza, and Ileana Denisa Nistor. 2023. "Retention of Phthalates in Wine Using Nanomaterials as Chemically Modified Clays with H20, H30, H40 Boltron Dendrimers" Nanomaterials 13, no. 16: 2301. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13162301