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Nanomaterials
Volume 14
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10.3390/nano14020197
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Article

Zein/Polysaccharide Nanoscale Electrostatic Complexes: Preparation, Drug Encapsulation and Antibacterial Properties

by
Elena-Daniela Lotos
1,
Marcela Mihai
1,*,
Ana-Lavinia Vasiliu
1,
Irina Rosca
1,
Alice Mija
2,
Bogdan C. Simionescu
1 and
Stergios Pispas
1,3,*
1
Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
2
Institut de Chimie de Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, UMR CNRS 7272, 28 Av. Valrose, 06108 Nice, France
3
Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(2), 197; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14020197
Submission received: 28 November 2023 / Revised: 28 December 2023 / Accepted: 12 January 2024 / Published: 15 January 2024
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Abstract

Characterization of zein aqueous solutions, as a function of the ethanol content and pH, was performed, giving information on the zein aggregation state for the construction of complexes. The aggregation state and surface charge of zein was found to depend on the mixed solvent composition and pH. Nonstoichiometric complex nanoparticles (NPECs) were prepared by electrostatically self-assembling zein, as the polycation, and sodium alginate or chondroitin sulfate, as the polyanions, at a pH of 4. A wide range of parameters were investigated: the alcohol–water content in the zein solutions, the charge molar ratios, the solution addition order and the addition rate. The resulting nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering, circular dichroism and scanning electron microscopy. The smallest size for the NPECs (100 nm) was obtained when the polysaccharides acted as the titrate with an addition rate of 0.03 mL·min−1. The NPECs with the best characteristics were selected for loading with ciprofloxacin and then deposited on a cellulosic material in order to evaluate their antibacterial activity. Substantial drug encapsulation with desired drug release profiles were found together with notable antibacterial efficiency, showing the tunability of the properties for both the zein and its complexes with polysaccharides, together with their application potential in the biomedical field.
Keywords: nanoparticles; zein; polysaccharides; antibacterial; ciprofloxacin nanoparticles; zein; polysaccharides; antibacterial; ciprofloxacin
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MDPI and ACS Style

Lotos, E.-D.; Mihai, M.; Vasiliu, A.-L.; Rosca, I.; Mija, A.; Simionescu, B.C.; Pispas, S. Zein/Polysaccharide Nanoscale Electrostatic Complexes: Preparation, Drug Encapsulation and Antibacterial Properties. Nanomaterials 2024, 14, 197. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14020197

AMA Style

Lotos E-D, Mihai M, Vasiliu A-L, Rosca I, Mija A, Simionescu BC, Pispas S. Zein/Polysaccharide Nanoscale Electrostatic Complexes: Preparation, Drug Encapsulation and Antibacterial Properties. Nanomaterials. 2024; 14(2):197. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14020197

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lotos, Elena-Daniela, Marcela Mihai, Ana-Lavinia Vasiliu, Irina Rosca, Alice Mija, Bogdan C. Simionescu, and Stergios Pispas. 2024. "Zein/Polysaccharide Nanoscale Electrostatic Complexes: Preparation, Drug Encapsulation and Antibacterial Properties" Nanomaterials 14, no. 2: 197. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14020197

APA Style

Lotos, E.-D., Mihai, M., Vasiliu, A.-L., Rosca, I., Mija, A., Simionescu, B. C., & Pispas, S. (2024). Zein/Polysaccharide Nanoscale Electrostatic Complexes: Preparation, Drug Encapsulation and Antibacterial Properties. Nanomaterials, 14(2), 197. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14020197

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