A Broadband Phototransistor Based on Three-Dimensional Reduced Graphene Oxide Foam
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Device Fabrication and Material Characterizations
3.2. Electrical Characteristics
3.3. Photoresponse Characteristics
3.4. MultibandPotoresponse
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Marconcini, P.; Macucci, M. The k.p method and its application to graphene, carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoribbons: The Dirac equation. La Rivista del Nuovo Cimento 2011, 34, 489–584. [Google Scholar]
- Castro Neto, A.H.; Guinea, F.; Peres, N.M.R.; Novoselov, K.S.; Geim, A.K. The electronic properties of graphene. Rev. Mod. Phys. 2009, 81, 109–162. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Mceuen, P.L. Nanotechnology: Carbon-based electronics. Nature 1998, 393, 15–17. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nair, R.R.; Blake, P.; Grigorenko, A.N.; Novoselov, K.S.; Booth, T.J.; Stauber, T.; Peres, N.M.R.; Geim, A.K. Fine structure constant defines visual tranparency of graphene. Science 2008, 320, 1308. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Sundaram, R.S.; Gómez-Navarro, C.; Balasubramanian, K.; Burghard, M.; Kern, K. Electrochemical modification of graphene. Adv. Mater. 2008, 20, 3050–3053. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhu, Y.; Murali, S.; Cai, W.; Li, X.; Suk, J.W.; Potts, J.R.; Ruoff, R.S. Graphene and graphene oxide: Synthesis, properties, and applications. Adv. Mater. 2010, 22, 3906–3924. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Huang, Y.; Liang, J.; Chen, Y. An overview of the applications of graphene-based materials in supercapacitors. Small 2012, 8, 1805–1834. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chabot, V.; Higgins, D.; Yu, A.; Xiao, X.; Chen, Z.; Zhang, J. A review of graphene and graphene oxide sponge: Material synthesis and applications to energy and the environment. Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, 1564–1596. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Huang, B.; Yan, Q.; Zhou, G.; Wu, J.; Gu, B.L.; Duan, W.; Liu, F. Making a field effect transistor on a single graphene nanoribbon by selective doping. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2007, 91, 253122. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Kim, S.; Nah, J.; Jo, I.; Shahrjerdi, D.; Colombo, L.; Yao, Z.; Tutuc, E.; Banerjee, S.K. Realization of a high mobility dual-gated graphene field-effect transistor with Al2O3 dielectric. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2009, 94, 062107. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Viljas, J.K.; Heikkilä, T.T. Electron-phonon heat transfer in monolayer and bilayer graphene. Phys. Rev. B 2010, 81, 136–138. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Groenendijk, D.J.; Buscema, M.; Steele, G.A.; Vasconcellos, S.M.D.; Bratschitsch, R.; van der Zant, H.S.; Castellanos-Gomez, A. Photovoltaic and photothermoelectric effect in a double-gated WSe2 device. Nano Lett. 2014, 14, 5846–5852. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Katiyar, R.K.; Misra, P.; Mendoza, F.; Morell, G.; Katiyar, R.S. Switchable photovoltaic effect in bilayer graphene/BiFeO3/Pt heterostructures. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2014, 105, 142902. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Koppens, F.H.; Mueller, T.; Avouris, P.; Ferrari, A.C.; Vitiello, M.S.; Polini, M. Photodetectors based on graphene, other two-dimensional materials and hybrid systems. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2014, 9, 780–793. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chen, Y.; Wang, X.; Wu, G.; Wang, Z.; Fang, H.; Lin, T.; Sun, S.; Shen, H.; Hu, W.; Wang, J.; et al. High-performance photovoltaic detector based on MoTe2/MoS2 Van der Waals heterostructure. Small 2018, 14, 1703293. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kim, C.H. Nanostructured graphene: An active component in optoelectronic devices. Nanomaterials 2018, 8, 328. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chen, C.; Zhou, P.; Wang, N.; Ma, Y.; San, H. UV-assisted photochemical synthesis of reduced graphene oxide/ZnO nanowires composite for photoresponse enhancement in UV photodetectors. Nanomaterials 2018, 8, 26. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chitara, B.; Panchakarla, L.S.; Krupanidhi, S.B.; Rao, C.N. Infrared photodetectors based on reduced graphene oxide and graphene nanoribbons. Adv. Mater. 2011, 23, 5419–5424. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Xia, F.; Mueller, T.; Golizadeh-Mojarad, R.; Freitag, M.; Lin, Y.-M.; Tsang, J.; Perebeinos, V.; Avouris, P. Photocurrent imaging and efficient photon detection in a graphene transistor. Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 1039–1044. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Xia, F.; Mueller, T.; Lin, Y.M.; Valdes-Garcia, A.; Avouris, P. Ultrafast graphene photodetector. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2009, 4, 839–843. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Zhang, B.Y.; Liu, T.; Meng, B.; Li, X.; Liang, G.; Hu, X.; Wang, Q.J. Broadband high photoresponse from pure monolayer graphene photodetector. Nat. Commun. 2013, 4, 1811. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Nardecchia, S.; Carriazo, D.; Ferrer, M.L.; Gutiérrez, M.C.; Monte, F.D. Three dimensional macroporous architectures and aerogels built of carbon nanotubes and/or graphene: Synthesis and applications. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2013, 44, 794–830. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Cao, X.; Yin, Z.; Zhang, H. Three-dimensional graphene materials: Preparation, structures and application in supercapacitors. Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, 1850–1865. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ma, Y.; Chen, Y. Three-dimensional graphene networks: Synthesis, properties and applications. Natl. Sci. Rev. 2015, 2, 40–53. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yang, Y.; Zhao, R.; Zhang, T.; Zhao, K.; Xiao, P.; Ma, Y.; Ajayan, P.M.; Shi, G.; Chen, Y. Graphene-based standalone solar energy converter for water desalination and purification. ACS Nano 2018, 12, 829–835. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ananthanarayanan, A.; Wang, X.; Routh, P.; Sana, B.; Lim, S.; Kim, D.-H.; Lim, K.-H.; Li, J.; Chen, P. Facile synthesis of graphene quantum dots from 3D graphene and their application for Fe3+ sensing. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2014, 24, 3021–3026. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhang, Y.; Huang, Y.; Zhang, T.; Chang, H.; Xiao, P.; Chen, H.; Huang, Z.; Chen, Y. Broadband and tunable high-performance microwave absorption of an ultralight and highly compressible graphene foam. Adv. Mater. 2015, 27, 2049–2053. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Yang, Y.; Zhang, T.; Ge, Z.; Lu, Y.; Chang, H.; Xiao, P.; Zhao, R.; Ma, Y.; Chen, Y. Highly enhanced stability and efficiency for atmospheric ammonia photocatalysis by hot electrons from a graphene composite catalyst with Al2O3. Carbon 2017, 124, 72–78. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Huang, S.; Yue, H.; Zhou, J.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, C.; Gao, X.; Chang, J. Highly selective and sensitive determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid using a 3D graphene foam electrode. Electroanalysis 2014, 26, 184–190. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lee, W.C.; Kim, K.; Park, J.; Koo, J.; Jeong, H.Y.; Lee, H.; Weitz, D.A.; Zettl, A.; Takeuchi, S. Graphene-templated directional growth of an inorganic nanowire. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2015, 10, 423–428. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Xue, G.; Xu, Y.; Ding, T.; Li, J.; Yin, J.; Fei, W.; Cao, Y.; Yu, J.; Yuan, L.; Gong, L.; et al. Water-evaporation-induced electricity with nanostructured carbon materials. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2017, 12, 317–321. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Yuan, K.; Xu, Y.; Uihlein, J.; Brunklaus, G.; Shi, L.; Heiderhoff, R.; Que, M.; Forster, M.; Chassé, T.; Pichler, T. Straightforward generation of pillared, microporous graphene frameworks for use in supercapacitors. Adv. Mater. 2015, 27, 6714–6721. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Freitag, M.; Low, T.; Avouris, P. Increased responsivity of suspended graphene photodetectors. Nano Lett. 2013, 13, 1644–1648. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Jiang, T.; Huang, D.; Cheng, J.; Fan, X.; Zhang, Z.; Shan, Y.; Yi, Y.; Dai, Y.; Shi, L.; Liu, K.; et al. Gate-tunable third-order nonlinear optical response of massless Dirac fermions in graphene. Nat. Photonics 2018, 12, 430–436. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Ting, D.Z.; Soibel, A.; Khoshakhlagh, A.; Rafol, S.B.; Keo, S.A.; Höglund, L.; Fisher, A.M.; Luong, E.M.; Gunapala, S.D. Mid-wavelength high operating temperature barrier infrared detector and focal plane array. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2018, 113, 021101. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Xu, H.; Wu, J.; Feng, Q.; Mao, N.; Wang, C.; Zhang, J. High responsivity and gate tunable graphene-MoS2 hybrid phototransistor. Small 2014, 10, 2300–2306. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Liu, Y.; Wang, F.; Wang, X.; Wang, X.; Flahaut, E.; Liu, X.; Li, Y.; Wang, X.; Xu, Y.; Shi, Y.; et al. Planar carbon nanotube-graphene hybrid films for high-performance broadband photodetectors. Nat. Commun. 2015, 6, 8589. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Yu, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Song, X.; Zhang, H.; Cao, M.; Che, Y.; Dai, H.; Yang, J.; Zhang, H.; Yao, J. PbS-decorated WS2 phototransistors with fast response. ACS Photonics 2017, 4, 950–956. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yu, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, H.; Song, X.; Cao, M.; Che, Y.; Dai, H.; Yang, J.; Wang, J.; et al. Broadband phototransistor based on CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite and PbSe quantum dot heterojunction. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2017, 8, 445–451. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Zhang, H.; Zhang, Y.; Song, X.; Yu, Y.; Cao, M.; Che, Y.; Zhang, Z.; Dai, H.; Yang, J.; Zhang, G.; et al. Highly photosensitive vertical phototransistors based on a poly(3-hexylthiophene) and PbS quantum dot layered heterojunction. ACS Photonics 2017, 4, 584–592. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Li, K.; Ying, X.; Wang, J.; Wang, J.; Jiang, Y.; Liu, Z. Photovoltage responses of graphene-Au heterojunctions. AIP Adv. 2017, 7, 105001. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Li, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Yu, Y.; Chen, Z.; Jin, L.; Cao, M.; Dai, H.; Yao, J. A Broadband Phototransistor Based on Three-Dimensional Reduced Graphene Oxide Foam. Nanomaterials 2018, 8, 913. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8110913
Li Y, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Chen Z, Jin L, Cao M, Dai H, Yao J. A Broadband Phototransistor Based on Three-Dimensional Reduced Graphene Oxide Foam. Nanomaterials. 2018; 8(11):913. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8110913
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Yifan, Yating Zhang, Yu Yu, Zhiliang Chen, Lufan Jin, Mingxuan Cao, Haitao Dai, and Jianquan Yao. 2018. "A Broadband Phototransistor Based on Three-Dimensional Reduced Graphene Oxide Foam" Nanomaterials 8, no. 11: 913. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8110913