Aptamer-Based Point-of-Care Devices: Emerging Technologies and Integration of Computational Methods
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Aptamers
3. Aptasensors in POC-Based Biosensing Platforms
3.1. Colorimetric Aptasensors
3.1.1. Paper-Based Colorimetric Aptasensors
3.1.2. In-Solution Colorimetric Aptasensors
3.2. Fluorescent Aptasensors
3.2.1. Fluorescence Quenching-Based Aptasensors
3.2.2. Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence-Based Aptasensors
3.3. SPR-Based Aptasensors
3.4. Electrochemical Aptasensors
4. Computational Approaches for Aptamer Modeling and POC Testing Integrations
4.1. Molecular Docking Calculation and Molecular Dynamics Simulation
4.2. Density Functional Theory
4.3. Quantum Mechanics and Molecular Mechanics
4.4. Artificial Intelligence (AI)
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Target Analyte | Physical Condition | Sensing Principle | Limit of Detection (LOD) | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cortisol | Stress | Colorimetric | 0.37 ng·mL−1 | [53] |
Dopamine | Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases | Colorimetric | 10 ng·mL−1 | [54] |
Glycated albumin | GDM | Colorimetric | 0.8 mg·mL−1 and 1.5 mg·mL−1 | [55] |
PDGF-BB and thrombin | Tumor regions (e.g., liver, gastrointestinal tract) and hemostasis | Colorimetric | 1.0 nM and 1.5 nM | [56] |
CXCL 9 | Antibody-mediated rejection of kidney transplantation | Colorimetric | 10 pg·mL−1 | [57] |
K+ | Chronic kidney disease | Colorimetric | 0.01 mM | [58] |
HER2 | Breast cancer | Colorimetric | 10 nM | [59] |
RBP4 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | Colorimetric | 90.76 ± 2.81 nM | [60] |
Exosomes | Leukemia | Colorimetric | 42 particles·μL−1 | [61] |
IL-6 | Brain injury or inflammation | Colorimetric | 1.95 μg·mL−1 | [62] |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA | TB | Colorimetric | 0.28 nM | [63] |
PDGF-BB | Tumor growth and progression | Colorimetric | 10 fM | [64] |
Cortisol | Stress | Fluorescent | 1 nM | [65] |
Aβ and tau protein | Alzheimer | Fluorescent | 50 pM and 10 pM | [66] |
Mucin 1 | Tumor | Fluorescent | 0.15 fg·mL−1 mucin 1 or 3 CTCs·mL−1 | [67] |
AFP | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Fluorescent | 400 pg·mL−1 | [68] |
Mutated BRCA-1 | Breast cancer | Fluorescent | 0.34 fM | [69] |
Cortisol | Stress | Fluorescent | 6.76 ng·mL−1 | [70] |
Ig E | Allergic disease | Fluorescent | 0.13 IU·mL−1 | [71] |
PFLDH | Malaria | Fluorescent | 18 fM (0.6 pg·mL−1) | [72] |
Glucose, ATP, L-Tyrosinamide, and thrombin | Diabetes, molecular marker for cellular energy, metabolic syndrome and melanoma, and hemostasis | Fluorescent | 1.1 mM, 0.1 mM, 3.5 µM and 25 nM | [73] |
MPT64 secreted from Mycobacterium tuberculosis | TB | Electrochemical | 81 pM | [74] |
YadA | Diarrhea, mesenteric lymphadenitis, arthritis, and sepsis | Electrochemical | 7.0 × 104 CFU·mL−1 | [75] |
CRP | Cerebrovascular diseases, myocardial infectious inflammation, and cancer | Electrochemical | 0.44 pg·mL−1 | [76] |
Exosomes | Cancer | Electrochemical | 5 × 103 particles·mL−1 | [77] |
Thrombin | Hemostasis | Electrochemical | 0.12 pM | [78] |
α-thrombin | Blood clotting cascade | Electrochemical | 10 pM | [79] |
Thrombin | Anticoagulation and cardiovascular disease | Electrochemical | 1 pM | [80] |
p24-HIV protein | HIV | Electrochemical | 51.7 pg·mL−1 | [81] |
α-Syn | Parkinson’s disease | Electrochemical | 1 × 10–6 pM | [82] |
MCF-7 breast cancer cells | Breast cancer | Electrochemical | 6 cells·mL−1 | [83] |
SARS-CoV-2 | COVID-19 | Electrochemical | 9.79 fg·mL−1 | [84] |
AFP | Liver cancer | Electrochemical | 0.65 pg·mL−1 | [85] |
CEA and NSE | Cancer | Electrochemical | 2 pg·mL−1 and 10 pg·mL−1 | [86] |
Thrombin | Blood coagulation cascade | SPR | 1 nM | [87] |
Dopamine | Neurological and psychiatric disorders | SPR | 10−13 M | [88] |
SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein | COVID-19 | SPR | 36.7 nM | [89] |
Exosomes | Breast cancer | SPR | 5 × 103 exosomes·mL−1 | [90] |
Cortisol | Stress | LSPR | 0.1 nM | [91] |
Insulin | Diabetes | SPR | 5 pM | [92] |
HER2 proteins | Breast cancer | OF-SPR | 20 g·mL−1 | [93] |
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Aslan, Y.; Atabay, M.; Chowdhury, H.K.; Göktürk, I.; Saylan, Y.; Inci, F. Aptamer-Based Point-of-Care Devices: Emerging Technologies and Integration of Computational Methods. Biosensors 2023, 13, 569. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13050569
Aslan Y, Atabay M, Chowdhury HK, Göktürk I, Saylan Y, Inci F. Aptamer-Based Point-of-Care Devices: Emerging Technologies and Integration of Computational Methods. Biosensors. 2023; 13(5):569. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13050569
Chicago/Turabian StyleAslan, Yusuf, Maryam Atabay, Hussain Kawsar Chowdhury, Ilgım Göktürk, Yeşeren Saylan, and Fatih Inci. 2023. "Aptamer-Based Point-of-Care Devices: Emerging Technologies and Integration of Computational Methods" Biosensors 13, no. 5: 569. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13050569