Contribution of RND-Type Efflux Pumps in Reduced Susceptibility to Biocides in Acinetobacter baumannii
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Susceptibility Testing
2.2. Time–Kill Assay
2.3. Dose–Response Assay
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Bacterial Strains
4.2. Biocides
4.3. Susceptibility Testing
4.4. Kill Kinetics
4.5. Dose–Response Assay with Triclosan
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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A. baumannii Strain | Biocide MIC (mg/L) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BZK | CHX | ETH | GP | OCT | TRI | ||
ATCC 19606 wt | 16 | 16 | 197,500 * | 17 | 4 | 1 | |
ATCC 19606 ΔadeRS | 16 | 4 | 197,500 | 8.5 | 2 | 1 | |
ATCC 19606 ΔadeN | 16 | 16 | 197,500 | 17 | 4 | 1 | |
Isolate pair 1 | MB-2 | 16 | 16 | 197,500 | 17 | 4 | 0.5 |
MB-5 (ISAba1 disrupts adeS) | 16 | 16 | 197,500 | 34 | 4 | 1 | |
Isolate pair 2 | MB-7 | 16 | 16 | n.d. | 17 | 4 | 4 |
MB-43 (ISAba1 disrupts adeS) | 16 | 32 | n.d. | 17 | 4 | 4 | |
Isolate pair 3 | MB-271 | 16 | 16 | 197,500 | 34 | 4 | 4 |
MB-273 (ISAba1 disrupts adeN) | 16 | 16 | 197,500 | 34 | 4 | 4 | |
Isolate pair 4 | MB-131 | 32 | 16 | n.d. | 17 | 4 | 4 |
MB-1044 (ISAba125 disrupts adeN) | 32 | 16 | n.d. | 17 | 4 | 4 | |
Isolate pair 5 | Isolate F | 16 | 16 | n.d. | 17 | 4 | 4 |
Isolate G (mutation in adeR) | 16 | 16 | n.d. | 17 | 4 | 4 |
A. baumannii Strain | Relevant Characteristics | Reference | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Laboratory strains | ATCC 19606 | Reference strain | [53] | |
ATCC 19606 ΔadeRS | adeABC not expressed | [28] | ||
ATCC 19606 ΔadeN | 2.5-fold increase in adeIJK expression | [29] | ||
Clinical strains | Isolate pair 1 | MB-2 | Wildtype | [17] |
MB-5 | ISAba1 insertion in adeS, 45-fold increase in adeABC expression | [17] | ||
Isolate pair 2 | MB-7 | Wildtype | [17] | |
MB-43 | ISAba1 insertion in adeS, 35-fold increase in adeABC expression | [17] | ||
Isolate pair 3 | MB-271 | Wildtype | [17] | |
MB-273 | ISAba1 insertion in adeN, 6-fold increase in adeIJK expression | [17] | ||
Isolate pair 4 | MB-131 | Wildtype | [17] | |
MB-1044 | ISAba125 insertion in adeN, 2-fold increase in adeIJK expression | [17] | ||
Isolate pair 5 | Isolate F | Wildtype | [30] | |
Isolate G | Missense mutation in adeR, 7-fold increase in adeABC expression | [30] |
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Meyer, C.; Lucaβen, K.; Gerson, S.; Xanthopoulou, K.; Wille, T.; Seifert, H.; Higgins, P.G. Contribution of RND-Type Efflux Pumps in Reduced Susceptibility to Biocides in Acinetobacter baumannii. Antibiotics 2022, 11, 1635. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11111635
Meyer C, Lucaβen K, Gerson S, Xanthopoulou K, Wille T, Seifert H, Higgins PG. Contribution of RND-Type Efflux Pumps in Reduced Susceptibility to Biocides in Acinetobacter baumannii. Antibiotics. 2022; 11(11):1635. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11111635
Chicago/Turabian StyleMeyer, Christina, Kai Lucaβen, Stefanie Gerson, Kyriaki Xanthopoulou, Thorsten Wille, Harald Seifert, and Paul G. Higgins. 2022. "Contribution of RND-Type Efflux Pumps in Reduced Susceptibility to Biocides in Acinetobacter baumannii" Antibiotics 11, no. 11: 1635. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11111635