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Antibiotics
Volume 11
Issue 12
10.3390/antibiotics11121685
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Brief Report

Efficacy of Treatment with the Antibiotic Novobiocin against Infection with Bacillus anthracis or Burkholderia pseudomallei

by
Christopher P. Klimko
,
Susan L. Welkos
,
Jennifer L. Shoe
,
Sherry Mou
,
Melissa Hunter
,
Nathaniel O. Rill
,
David DeShazer
and
Christopher K. Cote
*
Bacteriology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Antibiotics 2022, 11(12), 1685; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11121685
Submission received: 4 October 2022 / Revised: 7 November 2022 / Accepted: 10 November 2022 / Published: 23 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Animal Models of Biodefence Pathogens: Exploring Treatment)
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Abstract

The microbial pathogens Burkholderia pseudomallei and Bacillus anthracis are unrelated bacteria, yet both are the etiologic agents of naturally occurring diseases in animals and humans and are classified as Tier 1 potential biothreat agents. B. pseudomallei is the gram-negative bacterial agent of melioidosis, a major cause of sepsis and mortality globally in endemic tropical and subtropical regions. B. anthracis is the gram-positive spore-forming bacterium that causes anthrax. Infections acquired by inhalation of these pathogens are challenging to detect early while the prognosis is best; and they possess innate multiple antibiotic resistance or are amenable to engineered resistance. Previous studies showed that the early generation, rarely used aminocoumarin novobiocin was very effective in vitro against a range of highly disparate biothreat agents. The objective of the current research was to begin to characterize the therapeutic efficacy of novobiocin in mouse models of anthrax and melioidosis. The antibiotic was highly efficacious against infections by both pathogens, especially B. pseudomallei. Our results supported the concept that specific older generation antimicrobials can be effective countermeasures against infection by bacterial biothreat agents. Finally, novobiocin was shown to be a potential candidate for inclusion in a combined pre-exposure vaccination and post-exposure treatment strategy designed to target bacterial pathogens refractory to a single medical countermeasure.
Keywords: Burkholderia pseudomallei; Bacillus anthracis; novobiocin; early-generation antibiotics; broad spectrum; biothreats; mice; melioidosis; anthrax Burkholderia pseudomallei; Bacillus anthracis; novobiocin; early-generation antibiotics; broad spectrum; biothreats; mice; melioidosis; anthrax

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MDPI and ACS Style

Klimko, C.P.; Welkos, S.L.; Shoe, J.L.; Mou, S.; Hunter, M.; Rill, N.O.; DeShazer, D.; Cote, C.K. Efficacy of Treatment with the Antibiotic Novobiocin against Infection with Bacillus anthracis or Burkholderia pseudomallei. Antibiotics 2022, 11, 1685. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11121685

AMA Style

Klimko CP, Welkos SL, Shoe JL, Mou S, Hunter M, Rill NO, DeShazer D, Cote CK. Efficacy of Treatment with the Antibiotic Novobiocin against Infection with Bacillus anthracis or Burkholderia pseudomallei. Antibiotics. 2022; 11(12):1685. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11121685

Chicago/Turabian Style

Klimko, Christopher P., Susan L. Welkos, Jennifer L. Shoe, Sherry Mou, Melissa Hunter, Nathaniel O. Rill, David DeShazer, and Christopher K. Cote. 2022. "Efficacy of Treatment with the Antibiotic Novobiocin against Infection with Bacillus anthracis or Burkholderia pseudomallei" Antibiotics 11, no. 12: 1685. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11121685

APA Style

Klimko, C. P., Welkos, S. L., Shoe, J. L., Mou, S., Hunter, M., Rill, N. O., DeShazer, D., & Cote, C. K. (2022). Efficacy of Treatment with the Antibiotic Novobiocin against Infection with Bacillus anthracis or Burkholderia pseudomallei. Antibiotics, 11(12), 1685. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11121685

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