Prescribing Trends for Acne Vulgaris Visits in the United States
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
3. Materials and Methods
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Top 5 Medications Prescribed for Acne in the US, from 1993 to 2016, Using NAMCS | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dermatology | Family Medicine | Pediatrics | |||||||||
Treatment | Route | N (Millions) | Prevalence (Percent) | Treatment | Route | N (Millions) | Prevalence (Percent) | Treatment | Route | N (Millions) | Prevalence (Percent) |
Tretinoin | Topical | 7.52 | 11.5 | Minocycline | Oral | 1.52 | 26.9 | Benzoyl Peroxide | Topical (OTC) | 0.947 | 20.7 |
Isotretinoin | Oral | 7.24 | 11.1 | Tretinoin | Topical | 1.21 | 21.4 | Minocycline | Oral | 0.844 | 18.4 |
Minocycline | Oral | 5.80 | 8.86 | Doxycycline | Oral | 0.699 | 12.4 | Tretinoin | Topical | 0.783 | 17.1 |
Benzoyl Peroxide | Topical (OTC) | 5.47 | 8.36 | Clindamycin | Oral | 0.697 | 12.4 | Doxycycline | Oral | 0.585 | 12.8 |
Doxycycline | Oral | 5.00 | 7.65 | Benzoyl Peroxide | Topical (OTC) | 0.481 | 8.53 | Benzoyl Peroxide-Clindamycin | Topical | 0.558 | 12.2 |
Odds Ratios Comparing Prescription and Over-the-Counter Rates for Acne | |
---|---|
Outcome of Interest | Odds Ratio (OR) |
Specialty | |
Family Medicine Rx vs. OTC | 4.59 [3.53–5.92]; p < 0.0001 |
Dermatology Rx vs. OTC | 7.18 [6.13–8.41]; p < 0.0001 |
Pediatrics OTC vs. Rx | 1.08 [0.88–1.33]; p = 0.5 |
Dermatology vs. Family Medicine for Rx | 10.9 [8.4–14.2]; p < 0.0001 |
Dermatology vs. Pediatrics for Rx | 3.8 [3.1–4.7]; p < 0.0001 |
Family Medicine vs. Pediatrics for Rx | 2.9 [2.1–3.9]; p < 0.0001 |
Patient Age | |
<18 years old vs. ≥18 years old for Rx | 1.44 [1.23–1.68]; p < 0.0001 |
Patient Insurance Type | |
Private Insurance vs. Medicare for Rx | 1.51 [1.08–2.11]; p < 0.05 |
Private Insurance vs. Medicaid for Rx | 1.37 [1.00–1.88]; p = 0.05 |
Medicaid vs. Medicare for Rx | 1.08 [0.75–1.56]; p = 0.7 |
Patient Sex | |
Male vs. Female for Rx | 0.95 [0.81–1.11]; p = 0.5 |
Patient Race | |
White vs. Black for Rx | 1.29 [0.89–1.9]; p = 0.2 |
Patient Ethnicity | |
Hispanic vs. Non-Hispanic for Rx | 1.04 [0.61–1.79]; p = 0.9 |
Region | |
Midwest vs. West US for Rx | 1.23 [0.99–1.52]; p = 0.07 |
Northeast vs. West US for Rx | 1.02 [0.80–1.30]; p = 0.9 |
South vs. West US for Rx | 1.24 [1.01–1.53]; p < 0.05 |
South vs. Midwest US for Rx | 1.02 [0.84–1.23]; p = 0.9 |
South vs. Northeast US for Rx | 1.22 [0.98–1.52]; p = 0.08 |
Midwest vs. Northeast US for Rx | 1.29 [0.96–1.51]; p = 0.1 |
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Perche, P.O.; Peck, G.M.; Robinson, L.; Grada, A.; Fleischer, A.B., Jr.; Feldman, S.R. Prescribing Trends for Acne Vulgaris Visits in the United States. Antibiotics 2023, 12, 269. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12020269
Perche PO, Peck GM, Robinson L, Grada A, Fleischer AB Jr., Feldman SR. Prescribing Trends for Acne Vulgaris Visits in the United States. Antibiotics. 2023; 12(2):269. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12020269
Chicago/Turabian StylePerche, Patrick O., Gabrielle M. Peck, Lillian Robinson, Ayman Grada, Alan B. Fleischer, Jr., and Steven R. Feldman. 2023. "Prescribing Trends for Acne Vulgaris Visits in the United States" Antibiotics 12, no. 2: 269. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12020269