Risk Factors Associated with Mortality in Acinetobacter baumannii Infections: Results of a Prospective Cohort Study in a Tertiary Public Hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador

Abarca-Coloma, Luz; Puga-Tejada, Miguel; Nuñez-Quezada, Tamara; Gómez-Cruz, Otilia; Mawyin-Muñoz, Carlos; Barungi, Shivan; Perán, Macarena

doi:10.3390/antibiotics13030213

Open AccessArticle

Risk Factors Associated with Mortality in Acinetobacter baumannii Infections: Results of a Prospective Cohort Study in a Tertiary Public Hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador

by

Luz Abarca-Coloma

^1,*,

Miguel Puga-Tejada

²

,

Tamara Nuñez-Quezada

³,

Otilia Gómez-Cruz

⁴,

Carlos Mawyin-Muñoz

¹,

Shivan Barungi

⁵ and

Macarena Perán

^5,6,7,*

¹

Critical Care Unit Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Catholic University Santiago of Guayaquil, Guayaquil 090203, Ecuador

²

Instituto Ecuatoriano de Enfermedades Digestivas (IECED), Guayaquil 090505, Ecuador

³

Department of Medical Microbiology Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Catholic University Santiago of Guayaquil, Guayaquil 090203, Ecuador

⁴

Infection Prevention and Control Program, Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Guayaquil 090203, Ecuador

⁵

Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain

⁶

Excellence Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain

⁷

Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Antibiotics 2024, 13(3), 213; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13030213

Submission received: 20 December 2023 / Revised: 16 February 2024 / Accepted: 20 February 2024 / Published: 23 February 2024

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fight against Antimicrobial Resistance: The Innovative Strategies)

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Abstract

Antibiotic overuse and the resulting antimicrobial resistance pose significant global public health challenges, providing an avenue for opportunistic pathogens like Acinetobacter baumannii to thrive. This study will report the trends of Acinetobacter baumannii antimicrobial resistance patterns at the Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Ecuador. An observational, analytical, longitudinal, and prospective study was conducted involving patients diagnosed with hospital-acquired infections. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed, followed by molecular analysis of carbapenemase genes in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. We included 180 patients aged from 16 to 93 years. The hospital mortality rate was 63/180 (35%). Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) was indicated in 91/180 patients (50.4%). The overall survival (OS) rate in patients on IMV was 49.5% (45/91), with a median survival of 65 days. The OS rate in patients not on IMV was 80.9% (72/89), with a median survival of 106 days (HR 2.094; 95% CI 1.174–3.737; p = 0.012). From multivariate analysis, we conclude that ventilator-associated pneumonia is the most related factor to OS.

Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; antimicrobial resistance; resistance; carbapenemase; colistin

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MDPI and ACS Style

Abarca-Coloma, L.; Puga-Tejada, M.; Nuñez-Quezada, T.; Gómez-Cruz, O.; Mawyin-Muñoz, C.; Barungi, S.; Perán, M. Risk Factors Associated with Mortality in Acinetobacter baumannii Infections: Results of a Prospective Cohort Study in a Tertiary Public Hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Antibiotics 2024, 13, 213. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13030213

AMA Style

Abarca-Coloma L, Puga-Tejada M, Nuñez-Quezada T, Gómez-Cruz O, Mawyin-Muñoz C, Barungi S, Perán M. Risk Factors Associated with Mortality in Acinetobacter baumannii Infections: Results of a Prospective Cohort Study in a Tertiary Public Hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Antibiotics. 2024; 13(3):213. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13030213

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abarca-Coloma, Luz, Miguel Puga-Tejada, Tamara Nuñez-Quezada, Otilia Gómez-Cruz, Carlos Mawyin-Muñoz, Shivan Barungi, and Macarena Perán. 2024. "Risk Factors Associated with Mortality in Acinetobacter baumannii Infections: Results of a Prospective Cohort Study in a Tertiary Public Hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador" Antibiotics 13, no. 3: 213. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13030213

APA Style

Abarca-Coloma, L., Puga-Tejada, M., Nuñez-Quezada, T., Gómez-Cruz, O., Mawyin-Muñoz, C., Barungi, S., & Perán, M. (2024). Risk Factors Associated with Mortality in Acinetobacter baumannii Infections: Results of a Prospective Cohort Study in a Tertiary Public Hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Antibiotics, 13(3), 213. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13030213

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Risk Factors Associated with Mortality in Acinetobacter baumannii Infections: Results of a Prospective Cohort Study in a Tertiary Public Hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador

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