Microbiological Profile of Instrumented Spinal Infections: 10-Year Study at a French Spine Center
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Microbiological Findings
2.2.1. Early Infections (n = 46)
Monomicrobial (n = 27) (%) | Polymicrobial (n = 19) (%) | Total (n = 46) (%) | |
---|---|---|---|
Staphylococcus aureus | 10 (37) | 6 (31.6) | 16 (31.6) |
Escherichia coli | 5 (18.5) | 6 (31.6) | 11 (23.9) |
Cutibacterium acnes | 3 (11.1) | 7 (36.8) | 10 (21.7) |
Staphylococcus epidermidis | 3 (11.1) | 5 (26.3) | 8 (17.8) |
Proteus mirabilis | 1 (3.7) | 4 (21.1) | 5 (10.9) |
Klebsiella pneumoniae | - | 3 (15.8) | 3 (6.5) |
Klebsiella oxytoca | 1 (3.7) | 1 (5.3) | 2 (4.3) |
Enterobacter cloacae | 2 (7.4) | - | 2 (4.3) |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | - | 2 (10.5) | 2 (4.3) |
Enterococcus faecalis | - | 3 (15.8) | 2 (4.3) |
Staphylococcus capitis | 1 (3.7) | - | 1 (2.2) |
Streptococcus anginosus | - | 2 (10.5) | 2 (4.3) |
Bacteroides fragilis | - | 2 (10.5) | 2 (4.3) |
Citrobacter koseri | - | 1 (5.3) | 1 (2.2) |
Staphylococcus saccharolyticus | - | 1 (5.3) | 1 (2.2) |
Corynebacterium striatum | 1 (3.7) | - | 1 (2.2) |
2.2.2. Late Infections (n = 50)
2.3. Surgical and Antibiotic Treatment
2.3.1. Early Infections (n = 46)
2.3.2. Late Infections
2.4. Follow-Up
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Patients and Samples
4.2. Treatment and Follow-Up
4.3. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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eSSI (n = 46) (%) | lSSI (n = 50) (%) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | |||
Men | 26 (56.5) | 34 (68) | 0.29 |
Women | 20 (43.5) | 16 (32) | 0.29 |
Age (median/years) | 50.5 | 51.7 | 0.73 |
Delay surgery/infection (median/days) | 17.3 | 245.5 | |
Comorbidities | 27 (58.7) | 21 (42) | 0.66 |
Spine surgery | 15 (55.6) | 14 (66.7) | 0.55 |
Immunodeficiency | 4 (14.8) | 4 (19) | 0.72 |
Diabetes | 7 (25.9) | 2 (9.5) | 0.26 |
Scoliosis | 6 (22.2) | 7 (33.3) | 0.52 |
Cerebral palsy | 8 (29.6) | 6 (28.6) | 1 |
Infection | |||
Monomicrobial | 27 (58.7) | 33 (66) | 0.46 |
Polymicrobial | 19 (41.3) | 17 (33) | 0.46 |
Surgical approach | |||
ND | 12 (26.1) | 18 (36) | |
Posterior | 32 (94.1) | 31 (96.9) | 1 |
Median | 2 (5.9) | 1 (3.1) | 1 |
Surgical treatment | 41 (97.6) | 45 (95.7) | |
ND | 4 (8.7) | 3 (6) | |
DAIR | 32 (78) | 23 (51.1) | <0.001 |
Hardware removal | 2 (4.9) | 15 (33.3) | <0.001 |
Hardware replacement | 7 (17.1) | 7 (15.6) | 1 |
Antibiotic therapy | 42 (91.3) | 48 (96) | 1 |
Duration (mean/weeks) | 6 | 9 |
Monomicrobial (n = 33) (%) | Polymicrobial (n = 17) (%) | Total (n = 50) (%) | |
---|---|---|---|
Staphylococcus aureus | 8 (24.2) | 9 (52.9) | 17 (34) |
Cutibacterium acnes | 10 (30.3) | 5 (29.4) | 15 (30) |
Staphylococcus epidermidis | 5 (15.2) | 5 (29.4) | 10 (20) |
Escherichia coli | 3 (9.1) | 4 (23.4) | 7 (14) |
Staphylococcus lugdunensis | 1 (3) | 2 (11.8) | 3 (6) |
Corynebacterium spp. | - | 3 (17.6) | 3 (6) |
Proteus mirabilis | 1 (3) | 2 (11.8) | 3 (6) |
Enterococcus faecalis | 2 (6.1) | 1 (5.9) | 3 (6) |
Serratia marcescens | 1 (3) | 1 (5.9) | 2 (4) |
Morganella morganii | - | 2 (11.8) | 2 (4) |
Streptococcus agalactiae | - | 2 (11.8) | 2 (4) |
Bacteroides fragilis | - | 2 (11.8) | 2 (4) |
Enterobacter cloacae | - | 1 (5.9) | 1 (2) |
Staphylococcus capitis | 1 (3) | - | 1 (2) |
Cutibacterium avidum | 1 (3) | - | 1 (2) |
Citrobacter koseri | - | 1 (5.9) | 1 (2) |
Klebsiella aerogenes | - | 1 (5.9) | 1 (2) |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | - | 1 (5.9) | 1 (2) |
Streptococcus pyogenes | - | 1 (5.9) | 1 (2) |
Peptoniphilus indolicus | - | 1 (5.9) | 1 (2) |
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Reissier, S.; Couzigou, C.; Courseau, R.; Aubert, E.; Le Monnier, A.; Bonnet, E.; Upex, P.; Moreau, P.-E.; Riouallon, G.; Lourtet-Hascoët, J. Microbiological Profile of Instrumented Spinal Infections: 10-Year Study at a French Spine Center. Antibiotics 2024, 13, 791. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13090791
Reissier S, Couzigou C, Courseau R, Aubert E, Le Monnier A, Bonnet E, Upex P, Moreau P-E, Riouallon G, Lourtet-Hascoët J. Microbiological Profile of Instrumented Spinal Infections: 10-Year Study at a French Spine Center. Antibiotics. 2024; 13(9):791. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13090791
Chicago/Turabian StyleReissier, Sophie, Carine Couzigou, Romain Courseau, Elise Aubert, Alban Le Monnier, Eric Bonnet, Peter Upex, Pierre-Emmanuel Moreau, Guillaume Riouallon, and Julie Lourtet-Hascoët. 2024. "Microbiological Profile of Instrumented Spinal Infections: 10-Year Study at a French Spine Center" Antibiotics 13, no. 9: 791. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13090791