Room-Temperature and High-Temperature Wear Behaviors of As-Sprayed and Annealed Cr3C2-25NiCr Coatings Prepared by High Velocity Air-Fuel Spraying
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Feedstock Powder and Coating Deposition
2.2. High Temperature Annealing
2.3. Friction and Wear Tests
2.4. General Characterization
3. Results
3.1. Characterization of Coatings after Annealing
3.1.1. XRD and Raman Spectra Analysis
3.1.2. Microstructure Analysis
3.2. Hardness and Tribological Properties
3.2.1. Hardness of the Annealed Coatings
3.2.2. Friction Coefficient and Wear Rate
3.3. Characterization of the Wear Scar
3.3.1. Raman Spectroscopy Analysis
3.3.2. Surface Morphology of the Wear Scar
3.3.3. Cross-Sectional Analysis of Wear Scar
4. Discussion
4.1. Microstructure and Composition Evolution of Coatings
4.2. Wear Mechanism(s) of Coatings at RT and HT
5. Conclusions
- The as-sprayed Cr3C2-NiCr coating is subjected to oxidation at 600 °C in air to form a continuous and dense Cr2O3 oxide scale on the coating surface. The oxide-scale growth follows the parabolic law that the thickness increases linearly with increasing square root of annealing time. The underlying coating experiences a compositional variation during annealing. The volume fraction of the carbide phase shows a rapid increase up to 96 h annealing and then remains stable.
- The annealed coatings show better wear-resistance than the as-sprayed coating both at RT and at HT due to a combined effect from the formation of oxide-scale and the increased carbide fraction in the coatings after annealing.
- The wear behaviors of the annealed coatings obey different mechanisms at RT and HT. The RT wear behavior follows an abrasive wear mechanism, whereas the HT wear behavior is best described by an oxidative wear, in which formation of a tribo-oxide layer plays a critical role to reduce the friction coefficient and to protect the underlying coatings from damage.
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameters | Value |
---|---|
Fuel | Propane |
Fuel pressure (kPa) | 579.2 |
Air pressure (kPa) | 606.8 |
H2 flow rate (Stard Liter Per Minute, SLPM) | 22 |
Carrier gas flow rate (N2, SLPM) | 23 |
Surface speed (mm·s−1) | 2000 |
Spray distance (mm) | 195 |
Powder feed rate (g·min−1) | 100–150 |
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Liu, X.; Zhao, X.; Yang, F. Room-Temperature and High-Temperature Wear Behaviors of As-Sprayed and Annealed Cr3C2-25NiCr Coatings Prepared by High Velocity Air-Fuel Spraying. Coatings 2020, 10, 1090. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10111090
Liu X, Zhao X, Yang F. Room-Temperature and High-Temperature Wear Behaviors of As-Sprayed and Annealed Cr3C2-25NiCr Coatings Prepared by High Velocity Air-Fuel Spraying. Coatings. 2020; 10(11):1090. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10111090
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Xuanzhen, Xiaofeng Zhao, and Fan Yang. 2020. "Room-Temperature and High-Temperature Wear Behaviors of As-Sprayed and Annealed Cr3C2-25NiCr Coatings Prepared by High Velocity Air-Fuel Spraying" Coatings 10, no. 11: 1090. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10111090