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10.3390/coatings14050605
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Article

The Scratch Resistance of a Plasma-Assisted DUPLEX-Treated 17-4 Precipitation-Hardened Stainless Steel Additively Manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

by
Arturo Gómez-Ortega
1,
Julián Andrés Pinilla-Bedoya
2,
Carolina Ortega-Portilla
1,
Christian Félix-Martínez
1,
Guillermo César Mondragón-Rodríguez
1,
Diego Germán Espinosa-Arbeláez
1,
James Pérez-Barrera
1,†,
Juan Manuel González-Carmona
1,* and
Edgar Adrián Franco Urquiza
1
1
CONAHCYT—Centro de Ingeniería y Desarrollo Industrial, CIDESI, Av. Pie de la Cuesta 702, Querétaro 76125, Mexico
2
CONAHCYT—Cinvestav, Libramiento Norponiente 2000, Fraccionamiento Real de Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Current address: Departamento de Termofluidos, Facultad de ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
Coatings 2024, 14(5), 605; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14050605
Submission received: 23 March 2024 / Revised: 10 April 2024 / Accepted: 11 April 2024 / Published: 11 May 2024
(This article belongs to the Topic Additive Manufacturing of Architected Metallic Materials)
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Abstract

Additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing of metals is gaining popularity due to its flexibility when fabricating parts with highly complex designs, as well as when simplifying manufacturing steps and optimizing process times. In this investigation, 17-4 PH stainless steel was additively manufactured using Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF), followed by functionalization through a DUPLEX treatment. This treatment involved a plasma-assisted nitriding process, followed by the deposition of an arc-PVD c-Al0.7Cr0.3N hard coating. The microstructural modifications resulting from plasma nitriding (such as the formation of Fe2,3N and Fe4N and the αN or expanded martensite phases) and the surface improvements with the c-Al0.7Cr0.3N coating on the 3D-printed 17-4 PH steel are evaluated in comparison to conventionally manufactured 17-4 PH steel. These microstructural characteristics are correlated with the mechanical response of the treated surfaces. As a result of the plasma nitriding process, the hardness of the 3D-printed 17-4 PH SS increased by approximately 260%. The wear, measured through dynamic and static scratch testing, was reduced by approximately 31%. This improvement was attributed to the modification of adhesive failure mechanisms, leading to a reduction in wear volume, improved coating adhesion, and enhanced scratch resistance.
Keywords: 17-4 PH stainless steel; additive manufacturing; DUPLEX treatment; hardness; scratch resistance 17-4 PH stainless steel; additive manufacturing; DUPLEX treatment; hardness; scratch resistance

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gómez-Ortega, A.; Pinilla-Bedoya, J.A.; Ortega-Portilla, C.; Félix-Martínez, C.; Mondragón-Rodríguez, G.C.; Espinosa-Arbeláez, D.G.; Pérez-Barrera, J.; González-Carmona, J.M.; Franco Urquiza, E.A. The Scratch Resistance of a Plasma-Assisted DUPLEX-Treated 17-4 Precipitation-Hardened Stainless Steel Additively Manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion. Coatings 2024, 14, 605. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14050605

AMA Style

Gómez-Ortega A, Pinilla-Bedoya JA, Ortega-Portilla C, Félix-Martínez C, Mondragón-Rodríguez GC, Espinosa-Arbeláez DG, Pérez-Barrera J, González-Carmona JM, Franco Urquiza EA. The Scratch Resistance of a Plasma-Assisted DUPLEX-Treated 17-4 Precipitation-Hardened Stainless Steel Additively Manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion. Coatings. 2024; 14(5):605. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14050605

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gómez-Ortega, Arturo, Julián Andrés Pinilla-Bedoya, Carolina Ortega-Portilla, Christian Félix-Martínez, Guillermo César Mondragón-Rodríguez, Diego Germán Espinosa-Arbeláez, James Pérez-Barrera, Juan Manuel González-Carmona, and Edgar Adrián Franco Urquiza. 2024. "The Scratch Resistance of a Plasma-Assisted DUPLEX-Treated 17-4 Precipitation-Hardened Stainless Steel Additively Manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion" Coatings 14, no. 5: 605. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14050605

APA Style

Gómez-Ortega, A., Pinilla-Bedoya, J. A., Ortega-Portilla, C., Félix-Martínez, C., Mondragón-Rodríguez, G. C., Espinosa-Arbeláez, D. G., Pérez-Barrera, J., González-Carmona, J. M., & Franco Urquiza, E. A. (2024). The Scratch Resistance of a Plasma-Assisted DUPLEX-Treated 17-4 Precipitation-Hardened Stainless Steel Additively Manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion. Coatings, 14(5), 605. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14050605

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