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Open AccessArticle
Information Load from Neuromediator Diffusion to Extrasynaptic Space: The Interplay between the Injection Frequency and Clearance
by
Andrey Shuvaev
Andrey Shuvaev 1,*
,
Olga Belozor
Olga Belozor 2
and
Anton Shuvaev
Anton Shuvaev 1,2
1
Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
2
Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Submission received: 4 June 2024
/
Revised: 15 July 2024
/
Accepted: 23 July 2024
/
Published: 26 July 2024
Simple Summary
We investigate how glutamate spillover affects information transfer by analyzing the mutual information between release and extrasynaptic locations. Through tetanic release simulations, we aim to quantify the efficiency of information transfer in the presence of excess glutamate. Our study seeks to offer insights into synaptic information processing and excitotoxicity.
Abstract
In our study, we simulate the release of glutamate, a neurotransmitter, from the presynaptic cell by modeling the diffusion of glutamate into both synaptic and extrasynaptic space around the synapse. We have also incorporated a new factor into our model: convection. This factor represents the process by which the body clears glutamate from the synapse. Due to this process, the physiological mechanisms that typically prevent glutamate from spreading beyond the synapse are altered. This results in a different distribution of glutamate concentrations, with higher levels outside the synapse than inside it. The variety of biological effects that occur in response to this extrasynaptic glutamate highlights the importance of preventing neurotransmitters from spreading beyond the synapse. We aim to explain the physical reasons behind these biological effects, which are observed as excitotoxicity. Our results show that preventing the spread of glutamate outside the synapse increases the amount of information exchanged within the synapse and its surroundings for frequencies of glutamate release up to 30–50 Hz, followed by a decrease. Additionally, we find that the rate at which glutamate is cleared from the synapse is effective at relatively low levels (≤0.5 nm/s in our calculation grid) and remains constant at higher levels.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Shuvaev, A.; Belozor, O.; Shuvaev, A.
Information Load from Neuromediator Diffusion to Extrasynaptic Space: The Interplay between the Injection Frequency and Clearance. Biology 2024, 13, 566.
https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13080566
AMA Style
Shuvaev A, Belozor O, Shuvaev A.
Information Load from Neuromediator Diffusion to Extrasynaptic Space: The Interplay between the Injection Frequency and Clearance. Biology. 2024; 13(8):566.
https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13080566
Chicago/Turabian Style
Shuvaev, Andrey, Olga Belozor, and Anton Shuvaev.
2024. "Information Load from Neuromediator Diffusion to Extrasynaptic Space: The Interplay between the Injection Frequency and Clearance" Biology 13, no. 8: 566.
https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13080566
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