The Secrets of Beautiful Hair: Why is it Flexible and Elastic?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Hair Samples
2.1.1. Selection of Hair Samples
2.1.2. Chemical Treated Hair
2.1.3. Caucasian Hair
2.2. Preparation of the Hair Sample
2.2.1. Preparation of the Model Damaged Hair
2.2.2. Preparation of the Surface-Removed Hair
2.2.3. Treatment with Succinic Acid
2.2.4. The Three-Step Treatment System
2.3. Microscopic Observation Of Hair Cross-Sections
2.3.1. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
2.3.2. Fluorescent Light Microscope (FLM)
2.4. Measurement of Bending Elasticity in the Outer and Inner Layers
2.5. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)
2.6. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
3. Results
3.1. Distribution of Cortical Cells
3.1.1. TEM Observation of Hair Cross-Sections
3.1.2. FLM Observation of Hair Cross-Sections
3.2. Distribution of Hair Mechanical Properties
3.2.1. Bending Elasticity of Outer and Inner Layers
3.2.2. Influence by Hair Damage
3.3. Modification of the Mechanical Properties
3.3.1. Treatment with Succinic Acid
3.3.2. Treatment with the Three-Step Treatment System
3.3.3. Application to Caucasian hair
4. Discussion
4.1. Characteristic Structural Pattern
4.2. Characteristics of Bending Elasticities
4.3. Modification of the Mechanical Properties
4.3.1. Effect of Succinic Acid
4.3.2. The Three-Step Treatment System
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample No. | Sensory Score (SS) | Evaluation |
---|---|---|
1 | 1.6 | flexible/elastic |
2 | 1.8 | flexible/elastic |
3 | 3.1 | flexible/elastic |
4 | 4.2 | somewhat flexible/elastic |
5 | 4.3 | somewhat flexible/elastic |
6 | 4.5 | somewhat flexible/elastic |
7 | 7.1 | inflexible/inelastic |
8 | 8.5 | inflexible/inelastic |
9 | 9.0 | inflexible/inelastic |
10 | 9.3 | inflexible/inelastic |
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Ezure, M.; Tanji, N.; Nishita, Y.; Mizooku, T.; Nagase, S.; Osumi, T. The Secrets of Beautiful Hair: Why is it Flexible and Elastic? Cosmetics 2019, 6, 40. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics6030040
Ezure M, Tanji N, Nishita Y, Mizooku T, Nagase S, Osumi T. The Secrets of Beautiful Hair: Why is it Flexible and Elastic? Cosmetics. 2019; 6(3):40. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics6030040
Chicago/Turabian StyleEzure, Mikako, Noriyuki Tanji, Yukari Nishita, Takashi Mizooku, Shinobu Nagase, and Takahiro Osumi. 2019. "The Secrets of Beautiful Hair: Why is it Flexible and Elastic?" Cosmetics 6, no. 3: 40. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics6030040
APA StyleEzure, M., Tanji, N., Nishita, Y., Mizooku, T., Nagase, S., & Osumi, T. (2019). The Secrets of Beautiful Hair: Why is it Flexible and Elastic? Cosmetics, 6(3), 40. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics6030040