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Article

Low-Resolution Optimization for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Communication Network under a Passive Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface and Active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface

1
School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
2
School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200444, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Electronics 2024, 13(10), 1826; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13101826
Submission received: 9 April 2024 / Revised: 30 April 2024 / Accepted: 3 May 2024 / Published: 8 May 2024

Abstract

This paper investigates the optimization of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) network serving multiple downlink users equipped with single antennas. The network is enhanced by the deployment of either a passive reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) or an active RIS. The objective is to jointly design the UAV’s trajectory and the low-bit, quantized, RIS-programmable coefficients to maximize the minimum user rate in a multi-user scenario. To address this optimization challenge, an alternating optimization framework is employed, leveraging the successive convex approximation (SCA) method. Specifically, for the UAV trajectory design, the original non-convex optimization problem is reformulated into an equivalent convex problem through the introduction of slack variables and appropriate approximations. On the other hand, for the RIS-programmable coefficient design, an efficient algorithm is developed using a penalty-based approximation approach. To solve the problems with the proposed optimization, high-performance optimization tools such as CVX are utilized, despite their associated high time complexity. To mitigate this complexity, a low-complexity algorithm is specifically tailored for the optimization of passive RIS-programmable reflecting elements. This algorithm relies solely on closed-form expressions to generate improved feasible points, thereby reducing the computational burden while maintaining reasonable performance. Extensive simulations are created to validate the performance of the proposed algorithms. The results demonstrate that the active RIS-based approach outperforms the passive RIS-based approach. Additionally, for the passive RIS-based algorithms, the low-complexity variant achieves a reduced time complexity with a moderate loss in performance.
Keywords: reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS); unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks; successive convex approximation (SCA); low-bit quantized programmable coefficients reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS); unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks; successive convex approximation (SCA); low-bit quantized programmable coefficients

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Yang, Q.; Chen, Y.; Huang, Z.; Yu, H.; Fang, Y. Low-Resolution Optimization for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Communication Network under a Passive Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface and Active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface. Electronics 2024, 13, 1826. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13101826

AMA Style

Yang Q, Chen Y, Huang Z, Yu H, Fang Y. Low-Resolution Optimization for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Communication Network under a Passive Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface and Active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface. Electronics. 2024; 13(10):1826. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13101826

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang, Qiangqiang, Yufeng Chen, Zhiyu Huang, Hongwen Yu, and Yong Fang. 2024. "Low-Resolution Optimization for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Communication Network under a Passive Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface and Active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface" Electronics 13, no. 10: 1826. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13101826

APA Style

Yang, Q., Chen, Y., Huang, Z., Yu, H., & Fang, Y. (2024). Low-Resolution Optimization for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Communication Network under a Passive Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface and Active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface. Electronics, 13(10), 1826. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13101826

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