Quantum-Dot CA-Based Fredkin Gate and Conservative D-latch for Reliability-Based Information Transmission on Reversible Computing

Reversible computation is very important to minimize energy dissipation and prevent information loss not only in quantum computing but also in digital computing. Therefore, interest in designing efficient universal logic gates has recently increased. In this study, we efficiently design the Fredkin gate (FRG), a well-known conservative reversible operation gate, using quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA), and propose a D-latch using it. The proposed FRG structure can be designed efficiently using the structure of a QCA multiplexer using cell interaction, and a symmetric structure was designed. The proposed structure was simulated using QCADesigner 2.0.3 and QCADesigner-E for accurate comparison of various performance metrics, and the proposed structure clearly shows superiority in most performances and two representative design costs. Therefore, the lightweight design of an efficient reversible gate prevents data loss and increases information reliability.