Analysis of Kinematics and Dynamics of Rolling Ring Based on Finite Element Method

Round 1

Reviewer 1 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

In the paper ''Analysis of kinematics and dynamics of rolling ring based on finite element method'' kinematics and dynamics simulation analysis were carried out by using the finite element analysis method, the motion stability of the rolling ring was analyzed, and the relationship between idler size, driving torque, and flexible contact pressure was discussed. The research results show that the numerical simulation and theoretical analysis show that the deviation angle is between 0 and 1.52 when the initial installation of the rolling ring is deviated by using the existing camber design of the inner and outer rings. Both have a self-recovery function. The driving torque and the size of the idler gear are nonlinear, and the contact force is proportional to the radius of the idler gear. With the increase of the compression of the radius of the flexible ring, the driving torque and the contact force will increase accordingly.

Including the introduction and conclusion, the paper consists of five sections. The research design is not appropriate, the discussion chapter is missing. The references are relevant, but can be updated. Formulas in the paper are inadequately presented. There are some serious grammatical errors in the paper (for example, the first sentence in the abstract does not make sense). The directions of future research are missing. The quality of the paper is suitable for publication at a scientific conference, rather than in a scientific journal.

 Remarks:

The authors must update the references in a methodological and professional sense with new papers (for example: Ma, S., Chen, M., & Skelton, R. E. (2022). Tensegrity system dynamics based on finite element method. Composite Structures; Meng, Y., Zhang, D., Wang, C., Liu, Z., Zhu, L., & Li, A. (2022). Modeling and Analysis of Non-Linear Phenomena of Satellite Power System in Space Environment and Hazard-Risk Evaluations. Electronics, 11(11), etc.).

In conclusion, the authors must specify the directions of future research.

The authors must correct the way the formulas are marked.

The authors must improve their English language.

The authors must add the discussion in a separate chapter.

 

Author Response

1、The author must specify the direction of future research.

The future research directions mainly include the following points :

Optimization design method : The design method of conductive ring with higher reliability and long life is studied to meet the needs of the new generation of long life satellite.

New material development : Explore new materials to improve the performance of the conductive ring, reduce friction and wear, thereby increasing the service life of the satellite.

Tribological properties : The friction and wear behavior of the conductive ring at different temperatures and speeds was studied to provide a theoretical basis for the design of long-life satellites.

Long life maintenance : study the long-term use and maintenance methods of the conductive ring to ensure high reliability and stability for a long time.

High-precision manufacturing process : Explore high-precision manufacturing processes to improve the machining accuracy of the conductive ring and reduce installation errors, thereby improving the stability and reliability of signal transmission.

Non-contact transmission : The design of non-contact conductive ring is studied to reduce friction and wear and improve the stability and reliability of signal transmission.

Through the research in the above directions, it will help to improve the performance of the conductive ring, prolong the service life of the satellite, and ensure the success of the satellite mission.

Added in the discussion section of the article.

2、The author must correct the way the formula is marked.

    Answer：It has been amended in the text.

3、The writers must improve their English level.

    Answer：It has been amended in the text.

4、The author must add a discussion in a separate chapter.

Answer：From the abstract and paragraphs of the paper, it can be concluded that this paper mainly studies the kinematics and dynamics analysis of the rolling ring based on the finite element method. Specifically, the paper includes the following :

This paper mainly studies the kinematics and dynamics analysis of the rolling ring based on the finite element method. Specifically, the paper includes the following :

In the dynamic analysis, the rolling ring is discretized into 90 beam elements, and the force is applied by the contact between the rolling ring and the inner ring, the outer ring and the driven gear. The rolling ring is assembled between the inner ring, the outer ring and the driven gear, and the inner ring is driven to make the rolling ring rotate at a constant speed.

In the theory of motion stability, stability is an extremely important characteristic of the system. Analyzing the motion stability of the system is an important part of the system and control theory. The stability of the system has two definitions : one is the external stability represented by the input-output relationship ; the second is the internal stability characterized by the state motion under zero input condition.

In the model establishment and meshing, the model consists of three parts : outer conductive ring, inner conductive ring and flexible ring. The model consists of three parts. The inner conductive ring is a rigid body, and the outer conductive ring is also a rigid body. In this problem, the inertia of the inner conductive ring and the outer conductive ring is not important and can be arbitrarily valued. The flexible ring is discretized by shell elements.

In the analysis of motion stability, the adaptive principle and stress of the flexible ring under deflection conditions are analyzed. When the flexible ring has an initial assembly error of 1 degree around the x-axis and y-axis, when the flexible ring deviates from the horizontal position, a rotational torque is generated to automatically return to the horizontal position. Under the action of the above two groups of forces, the flexible ring has certain motion adaptability.

The discussion section has been inserted before the conclusion of the article and explained.

Reviewer 2 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

This present paper aims at study the dynamic behaviour of rolling ring in the framework of FEM. However, the English writing of this paper is very bad. It’s difficult to understand the innovation of this work. And the mechanic mode is not well given. And the description of the numerical process is not given. Authors should firstly describe the mechanical model and the problem under consideration. Then, according to this engineering problem, authors should give the necessary parameters, the corresponding points and the numerical process in detail. From my opinion, this paper does not show novelty and the English writing of this paper is unreadable. 

Comments on the Quality of English Language

This present paper aims at study the dynamic behaviour of rolling ring in the framework of FEM. However, the English writing of this paper is very bad. It’s difficult to understand the innovation of this work. And the mechanic mode is not well given. And the description of the numerical process is not given. Authors should firstly describe the mechanical model and the problem under consideration. Then, according to this engineering problem, authors should give the necessary parameters, the corresponding points and the numerical process in detail. From my opinion, this paper does not show novelty and the English writing of this paper is unreadable. Thus, in conclusion, this paper is considered to be rejected for publication

Author Response

This paper aims to study the dynamic behavior of the rolling ring in the FEM framework. However, the English writing of this thesis is very bad. It is difficult to understand the innovation of this work. The mechanical mode is not given. And no description of the numerical process is given. The author should first describe the mechanical model and the problem under consideration. Then, according to this engineering problem, the author should give the necessary parameters, corresponding points and numerical processes in detail. In my opinion, this paper does not show novelty, and the English writing of this paper is also difficult to read.

Answer : According to the opinions of experts, the following explanations and explanations are made : For the model, the flexible ring model consists of an external conductive ring, an internal conductive ring and a flexible ring. The flexible ring is discretized by the shell element. The influence of pulley size on driving torque and contact pressure is analyzed. It is found that there is a nonlinear relationship between pulley size and driving torque. The larger the pulley size, the greater the required driving torque. It is found that the increase of the compression amount of the flexible ring will lead to the increase of the driving torque and the contact pressure. Therefore, the size of the flexible ring needs to be determined according to the requirements in the design. Conductive rolling ring is a device used to transmit power or signal from the static part to the rotating part.

Its novelty is mainly reflected in several aspects : 1.flexible rotation, the conductive roller ring can realize the free rotation of the rotating part, while maintaining the transmission of power or signal. This feature makes the conductive roll ring have a unique advantage in applications where the rotating part requires uninterrupted power supply or data transmission. 2.Low-loss transmission : The conductive roller ring can achieve low-loss power or signal transmission by using high-quality conductive materials and precision design. Compared with the traditional lead or sliding electrical contact method, the conductive rolling ring can provide more stable and efficient transmission performance. 3.Multi-channel transmission : Some conductive rolling rings can also achieve multi-channel transmission, that is, multiple independent power or signal paths can be transmitted simultaneously in the same device. This design can meet the requirements of multiple signal transmission in complex systems and improve the overall performance and reliability of the system.4.High reliability : The conductive roller ring usually has good anti-interference performance and reliability, and can work normally in harsh environments. They can withstand high temperature, high humidity, vibration and dust conditions, and maintain stable transmission performance for a long time. In summary, the conductive roll ring has brought novel solutions for the field of power transmission and signal transmission through its flexible rotation, low loss transmission, multi-channel transmission and high reliability. It is widely used in various mechanical equipment, rotating platforms, motors and other fields.

The numerical process has been described in the paper, and the above novelty content has been supplemented in the discussion section.

Reviewer 3 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

 

This paper will contribute to clearly identifying the contact phenomenon of tribological systems and the new design approach for rolling rings. 

However, the authors should provide more precise descriptions: the novel idea of this paper for specific challenges of rolling ring systems, analysis condition/operation/results, and comprehensive discussion of the results. Thus, the reviewer rejected the manuscript, specifically for the reasons below. 

1. The reviewer needed help understanding the problems this paper is handling and the critical idea to solve the problem. Authors should precisely determine the target problem based on a more comprehensive academic literature survey or industrial demands for rolling ring systems.

 

2. Authors need to define all mathematical symbols in the manuscript. Some symbols are used without any definition. 

 

3. Some mistakes and wrong numbering of figures are seen in the manuscript. Also, authors must refer to and follow the format based on the author's guide. 

 

4. Authors should specify the geometrical unit for the design. 

 

5. Suppose contact pressure is discussed in such kind of tribological systems. In that case, rigid body assumption may not be suitable because the elastic contact will affect the deformation and stress distribution of outer/inner rings and middle rolling elements. Why is the rigid body assumption implemented in this analysis? The reviewer thought that a clear description of it was needed. 

 

6. Finite element analysis considering elastic contact should have a finer mesh to obtain better results because the contact region has high pressure and significant deformation. Do the authors deeply validate the influence of mesh size and its distribution?  The reviewer thought the authors would mention mesh size and its impact on the results. 

 

7.  Did you define directional coordinates? The figures could be more precise to recognize the coordinate system.

 

Author Response

1.Reviewers need help to understand the issues being addressed in this article and the key ideas for solving them. The author should accurately determine the target problem based on a more comprehensive academic literature survey or industrial requirements for the rolling ring system.

Answer : In this paper, an innovative design method of rolling ring is proposed. Facing the problem of large friction of the existing sliding ring, the kinematics and dynamics characteristics of the rolling ring based on the finite element method are analyzed, and the motion stability of the rolling ring is studied. The key ideas to solve the problem include the following :

(1) The motion stability analysis of the rolling ring is carried out to ensure that the rolling ring can be automatically adjusted to the appropriate motion state during the movement.

(2) The dynamic and kinematic simulation analysis of the rolling ring is carried out by the finite element analysis method to reveal the dynamic characteristics of the rolling ring.

(3) The adaptability principle and stress distribution of the elastic ring in the rolling ring are studied in order to consider these factors in the design process.

(4) The relationship between the driving torque of the rolling ring and the contact pressure is analyzed to optimize the performance of the rolling ring.

(5) Through the dynamic analysis of different sizes of the deflection gear, the nonlinear relationship between the size of the deflection gear and the driving torque is revealed.

In the abstract part and the introduction part of the article, appropriate modifications, descriptions and additions are made.

2.Some errors and numbering errors can be seen in the manuscript. In addition, the author must refer to and follow the format based on the author 's guide.

    Answer：It has been amended in the text.

3.The author should specify the geometric unit of the design.

Answer : The unit has been supplemented in the text.

4.Assume that the contact pressure is discussed in this tribological system. In this case, the rigid body assumption may not be appropriate as the elastic contact will affect the deformation and stress distribution of the outer / inner ring and intermediate rolling elements. Why is the rigid body assumption implemented in this analysis ? Critics believe that it needs to be clearly described.

Answer : In this tribological system, although elastic contact may affect the deformation and stress distribution of the outer / inner ring and the intermediate rolling element, the reason for the realization of the rigid body assumption in this analysis is to simplify the calculation and analysis process. By viewing the external conductive ring and the internal conductive ring as rigid bodies, the influence of their deflection on the system performance can be ignored, so as to focus on the study of the motion characteristics and contact pressure distribution of the whole system.

Specifically, in this paper, the author regards the internal conductive ring and the external conductive ring as rigid bodies, and uses the finite element method to analyze the dynamics of the whole system. This rigid body assumption helps to simplify the calculation process and accelerate the calculation speed. At the same time, it can still provide engineers with valuable information about the relationship between system motion stability, contact pressure, and driving torque and deflection angle. In short, although the rigid body assumption may not be accurate enough in some cases, it provides a simplified and efficient method for engineers to study the motion characteristics and contact pressure distribution of the system in the analysis of this tribological system.

5. Finite element analysis considering elastic contact should have finer meshes to obtain better results because of the high pressure and significant deformation in the contact area. Does the author deeply verify the influence of mesh size and its distribution ? Critics believe that the author will mention the grid size and its impact on the results.

Answer : Yes, the author deeply verified the influence of mesh size and its distribution in this study. In the part of model establishment and meshing, the author mentioned that in the calculation, the flexible ring is divided into 120 circumferential elements and 2 axial elements, a total of 240 elements. The numerical results show that when the flexible ring is divided into 80 elements, the difference between the displacement calculation results of each point and the bending moment calculation results of the beam section is very small, so the 120 circumferential elements can meet the grid convergence requirements.

6.Do you define the direction coordinates ? These numbers can identify the coordinate system more accurately.

Answer : There is no definition of direction coordinates in the article. However, it can be seen from the description that the article mainly focuses on the motion stability, dynamics and contact pressure analysis of the rolling ring, rather than the definition of the coordinate system.

Reviewer 4 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

I recommend to accept the paper in the same form.

Author Response

Thanks for the expert review

Round 2

Reviewer 1 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

The paper ''Analysis of kinematics and dynamics of rolling ring based on finite element method'' is well conceived and methodologically correct. The research problem is clearly and vividly described.

The paper was corrected in accordance with the reviewers' requests.

The paper can be published.

Author Response

Expert advice is greatly appreciated

Reviewer 2 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

English writting is difficult to read. The innovation of the work is not clear. Authors used the software to calculate some results. However, the numerical model is not clear.  In addition, the part of the theoretical analysis is mentioned in the article, but throughout the text, there is no such part. Thus, the present manuscript can be accepted. In order to improve the manuscript, the following issues must be considered:

1. The article must be written in a standardized manner. The innovation must be described clearly.

2. The numerical model must be clearly described. The geometrical size, the material properties and the boundary conditions must clearly given. In addition, the relationship between the numerical model and the engineering problem under consideration must be given.

3. for the theoretical analysis, the main steps must be given.

4. English writting must be improved.

Comments on the Quality of English Language

English writting is difficult to read. The innovation of the work is not clear. Authors used the software to calculate some results. However, the numerical model is not clear.  In addition, the part of the theoretical analysis is mentioned in the article, but throughout the text, there is no such part. Thus, the present manuscript can be accepted. In order to improve the manuscript, the following issues must be considered:

1. The article must be written in a standardized manner. The innovation must be described clearly.

2. The numerical model must be clearly described. The geometrical size, the material properties and the boundary conditions must clearly given. In addition, the relationship between the numerical model and the engineering problem under consideration must be given.

3. for the theoretical analysis, the main steps must be given.

4. English writting must be improved.

Author Response

Please see the attachment

Author Response File: Author Response.pdf

Reviewer 3 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

The manuscript has been revised.

Author Response

Expert advice is greatly appreciated

Round 3

Reviewer 2 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

The revised manuscript has been improved according to the comments. Thus, this version can be considered to be accepted.