Diseases, Volume 12, Issue 12

Background: Iron deficiency (ID) often coexists with heart failure (HF), and its prevalence increases with the severity of HF. Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) has been associated with improvements in clinical outcomes, functional capacity, an...

Background: Monitoring of measurable residual disease (MRD) requires highly sensitive flow cytometry protocols to provide an accurate prediction of shorter progression-free survival. High assay sensitivity generally requires rapid processing to avoid...

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), triggered by SARS-CoV-2, has represented a global pandemic associated with an elevated rate of mortality, mainly among older individuals. The extensive pulmonary involvement by the viral infection migh...

Background: The term “fetal programming” refers to the effects of endogenous and exogenous corticosteroids, whether received from the mother or the fetus, on brain development and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis reset....

Osteocalcin (OCN), a protein predominantly produced by osteoblasts in bone, has emerged as a significant factor in bone metabolism and reproductive function. This article reviews the latest research on the role of OCN beyond its traditional functions...

Background: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by mutations in the TSC1 and TSC2 genes, leading to the dysregulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. This dysregulation results...

Background: Obstructive jaundice is a common health challenge in daily clinical practice caused by a heterogeneous group of benign and malignant conditions in or around extrahepatic bile ducts. This study aimed to investigate the causes of obstructiv...

Background: Acetaminophen is generally considered safe when used according to the recommended guidelines. Consumption in excessive doses can lead to severe liver damage and, in critical cases, may even result in death. To reduce the effects of acetam...

Healthy working-age adults are susceptible to illness or caregiving requirements resulting from annual seasonal influenza, leading to considerable societal and economic impacts. The objective of this targeted narrative review is to understand the soc...

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a frequently underdiagnosed sleep disorder marked by recurrent episodes of apnea and/or hypopnea during sleep, primarily resulting from the partial or complete collapse of the upper airway. OSAS significantl...

Background: Diabetes and hypertension are major global health challenges aggravated by COVID-19’s impact on healthcare and lifestyle factors. This study aims to compare the prevalence and associated socio-demographic factors of these conditions...

Background/Objectives: Myostatin, primarily produced by skeletal muscle, inhibits muscle growth and promotes protein degradation. It has been implicated in conditions such as obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease. However, its assoc...

The so-called trigeminal pontine sign has been described as a marker of different diseases, from multiple sclerosis to herpetic infections. First, it has been proposed as linear hyperintensity in the pons on the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of pa...

Background and objective: Iliopsoas abscess (IPA) is a rare condition with varied symptomology and etiology. Less than one-third of patients with IPA present in the emergency department (ED) with the traditional triad of fever, back pain, and restric...

Background: Calvarial defects in NF1 are rare and lack standardized management guidelines. This study seeks to shed light on calvarial defects in NF1 patients with extensive skull erosion. Methods: This case report focuses on clinical and radiologica...

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) causes considerable morbidity and mortality rates, posing a major global health burden. The management of the OSCC is multidisciplinary, but still the gold standard is surgical resection and reconstruct...

Background/Objectives: The prevalence of bronchiectasis is increasing globally, and early detection using chest imaging has been encouraged to improve its prognosis. However, the sensitivity of a chest X-ray as a screening tool remains unclear. This...

Objectives: Cyclosporine A promotes gingival fibrosis by enhancing the proliferation of gingival fibroblasts, leading to gingival overgrowth. The population of gingival fibroblasts is regulated by cell cycle machinery, which balances cell growth and...

Introduction. Recently published data suggested significantly lower pacing-induced cardiomyopathy (PICM) incidence with conduction system pacing (CSP). Because most data evaluated only the impact on the left ventricle, this study aimed to assess chan...

Background/Objectives: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) significantly affects mental health, with gender-specific differences being observed in psychological responses. This pilot study aimed to explore these differences in the demographic, clinical, psy...

Background and objectives: The correlation between diminished 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-(OH)D) concentrations and heightened disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients remains contentious, as clinical studies have yielded conflicti...

Background: Identifying physical activity (PA) and its barriers among middle-aged women may aid in the development of age-specific health promotion interventions. In Egypt, women, particularly those in the workforce, typically face numerous barriers...

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) causes cellular senescence due to oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and ectopic fat deposition in the liver. Recently, dasatinib, an antitumor agent, and quercetin, a diet...

Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema after cardiac surgery is a rare but severe complication. The etiology remains poorly understood; however, the issue may arise from multiple sources. Possible causes include a significant inflammatory response or an auto...

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are used to treat various malignancies. They block the inhibitory signals of tumor cells and enhance the inflammatory cascade, which results in tumor killing. However, this can lead to unchecked inflam...

Background: Chronic pain is defined as any persistent or recurring pain lasting longer than 3 months that significantly affects a person’s quality of life. Millions worldwide are impacted by chronic pain, but its subjective nature makes it diff...

Background/Objectives: Despite advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-positive individuals face heightened risks of cardiovascular and gastrointestinal (GI) complications, often linked to persistent systemic inflammation. Left ventricular...

Introduction: Consuming hypercaloric diets during pregnancy induces metabolic, immune, and maternal intestinal dysbiosis disorders. These conditions are transferred to the offspring through the placenta and breastfeeding, increasing susceptibility to...

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacterium that colonizes the gastric epithelium and is associated with a range of gastrointestinal disorders, exhibiting a global prevalence of approximately 50%. Despite the availabil...

People of all ages can contract pneumonia, and it can cause mild to severe disease and even death. In addition to being a major cause of death for elderly people and those with prior medical conditions such as diabetes, it isthe world’s biggest...

Objectives: Marburg virus disease (MVD) is on the WHO list for pandemic-prone pathogens. The current outbreak in Rwanda provides an opportunity to map outbreaks and generate information to inform policymaking, resource mobilization, and guide the imp...

Purpose: To evaluate the ability of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography in differentiating benign from malignant etiologies of splenomegaly based on differences in splenic stiffness. Materials and Methods: Between September 2020 and...

Background: Pulmonary lobe resection is a common surgical intervention for various benign lung diseases, including tuberculosis (TB), bronchiectasis, and benign lung nodules. While immediate clinical outcomes are well documented, the impact on patien...

Background. Childhood brain tumor survivors (CCSs) are at high risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) and sarcopenia. To date, a tool able to predict any body composition changes or detect them early and increased adiposity (and, therefore, inc...

Background/Objectives: Sleep disorders, such as short sleep, are common comorbidities in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Sleep quality and duration are directly associated with quality of life (QOL). Clarifying the influence of ASD o...

Background: Elderly patients, particularly those over 75 years old, have been disproportionately affected by COVID-19, exhibiting higher rates of severe outcomes, such as ICU admissions and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effe...

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted mental health and substance use patterns, particularly among young adults. Objective: This study aimed to assess changes in anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and substance use among university...

The spinous processes act as a lever for attachments of muscles and ligaments. Spinal imaging is commonly performed as a diagnostic test for pain and radiculopathy. A myriad of incidental or unexpected findings, both potentially asymptomatic and symp...

Background: Dialysis-associated events such as bloodstream infections represent serious complications for hemodialysis patients, with the potential to increase morbidity and mortality. Aims: To assess the impact of implementing a comprehensive bundle...

Corticosteroids are extensively used in medicine for their powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. However, their psychiatric side effects—such as mood disturbances, anxiety, and psychosis—are significant yet often under...

Background: Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare proliferative condition representing skin sarcomas known to locally recur yet very rarely known to metastasize. A typical characteristic is trunk localization, making vulvar occurrences an...