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Article

A GIS-Based Multi-Criterion Decision-Making Method to Select City Fire Brigade: A Case Study of Wuhan, China

1
School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
2
Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China
3
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
4
School of Geomatics, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2021, 10(11), 777; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10110777
Submission received: 22 September 2021 / Revised: 4 November 2021 / Accepted: 12 November 2021 / Published: 15 November 2021

Abstract

Rapid urban expansion has brought new challenges to firefighting, with the speed of firefighting rescue being crucial for the safety of property and life. Thus, fire prevention and rescuing people in distress have become more challenging for city managers and emergency responders. Unfortunately, existing research does not consider the negative effects of the current spatial distribution of fire-risk areas, land cover, location, and traffic congestion. To address these shortcomings, we use multiple methods (including geographic information system, multi-criterion decision-making, and location–allocation (L-A)) and multi-source geospatial data (including land cover, point-of-interest, drive time, and statistical yearbooks) to identify suitable areas for fire brigades. We propose a method for identifying potential fire-risk areas and to select suitable fire brigade zones. In this method, we first remove exclusion criteria to identify spatially undeveloped zones and use kernel density methods to evaluate the various fire-risk zones. Next, we use analytic hierarchy processes (AHPs) to comprehensively evaluate the undeveloped areas according to the location, orography, and potential fire-risk zones. In addition, based on the multi-time traffic situation, the average traffic speed during rush hour of each road is calculated, a traffic network model is established, and the travel time is calculated. Finally, the L-A model and network analysis are used to map the spatial coverage of the fire brigades, which is optimized by combining various objectives, such as the coverage rate of high-fire-risk zones, the coverage rate of building construction, and the maintenance of a sub-five-minute drive time between the proposed fire brigade and the demand point. The result shows that the top 50% of fire-risk zones in the central part of Wuhan are mainly concentrated to the west of the Yangtze River. Good overall rescue coverage is obtained with existing fire brigades, but the fire brigades in the north, south, southwest, and eastern areas of the study area lack rescue capabilities. The optimized results show that, to cover the high-fire-risk zones and building constructions, nine fire brigades should be added to increase the service coverage rate from 93.28% to 99.01%. The proposed method combines the viewpoint of big data, which provides new ideas and technical methods for the fire brigade site-selection model.
Keywords: spatial optimization; point of interest; potential fire-risk zone; multi-criterion decision-making; traffic situation spatial optimization; point of interest; potential fire-risk zone; multi-criterion decision-making; traffic situation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Jiang, Y.; Lv, A.; Yan, Z.; Yang, Z. A GIS-Based Multi-Criterion Decision-Making Method to Select City Fire Brigade: A Case Study of Wuhan, China. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2021, 10, 777. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10110777

AMA Style

Jiang Y, Lv A, Yan Z, Yang Z. A GIS-Based Multi-Criterion Decision-Making Method to Select City Fire Brigade: A Case Study of Wuhan, China. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2021; 10(11):777. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10110777

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jiang, Yuncheng, Aifeng Lv, Zhigang Yan, and Zhen Yang. 2021. "A GIS-Based Multi-Criterion Decision-Making Method to Select City Fire Brigade: A Case Study of Wuhan, China" ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 11: 777. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10110777

APA Style

Jiang, Y., Lv, A., Yan, Z., & Yang, Z. (2021). A GIS-Based Multi-Criterion Decision-Making Method to Select City Fire Brigade: A Case Study of Wuhan, China. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 10(11), 777. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10110777

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