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Article

Rapid Extreme Tropical Precipitation and Flood Inundation Mapping Framework (RETRACE): Initial Testing for the 2021–2022 Malaysia Flood

by
Yi Lin Tew
1,
Mou Leong Tan
1,*,
Liew Juneng
2,
Kwok Pan Chun
3,
Mohamad Hafiz bin Hassan
4,
Sazali bin Osman
4,
Narimah Samat
1,
Chun Kiat Chang
5 and
Muhammad Humayun Kabir
6
1
GeoInformatic Unit, Geography Section, School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
2
Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
3
Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
4
National Flood Forecasting and Warning Centre, Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Kuala Lumpur 68000, Malaysia
5
River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre (REDAC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal 14300, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
6
Department of Agricultural Extension and Information System, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2022, 11(7), 378; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11070378
Submission received: 30 April 2022 / Revised: 30 June 2022 / Accepted: 4 July 2022 / Published: 7 July 2022
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Abstract

The 2021–2022 flood is one of the most serious flood events in Malaysian history, with approximately 70,000 victims evacuated daily, 54 killed and total losses up to MYR 6.1 billion. From this devastating event, we realized the lack of extreme precipitation and flood inundation information, which is a common problem in tropical regions. Therefore, we developed a Rapid Extreme TRopicAl preCipitation and flood inundation mapping framEwork (RETRACE) by utilizing: (1) a cloud computing platform, the Google Earth Engine (GEE); (2) open-source satellite images from missions such as Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM), Sentinel-1 SAR and Sentinel-2 optical satellites; and (3) flood victim information. The framework was demonstrated with the 2021–2022 Malaysia flood. The preliminary results were satisfactory with an optimal threshold of five for flood inundation mapping using the Sentinel-1 SAR data, as the accuracy of inundated floods was up to 70%. Extreme daily precipitation of up to 230 mm/day was observed and resulted in an inundated area of 77.43 km2 in Peninsular Malaysia. This framework can act as a useful tool for local authorities and scientists to retrace the extreme precipitation and flood information in a relatively short period for flood management and mitigation strategy development.
Keywords: flood; inundation mapping; Sentinel-1 SAR; Malaysia; climate change flood; inundation mapping; Sentinel-1 SAR; Malaysia; climate change

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tew, Y.L.; Tan, M.L.; Juneng, L.; Chun, K.P.; Hassan, M.H.b.; Osman, S.b.; Samat, N.; Chang, C.K.; Kabir, M.H. Rapid Extreme Tropical Precipitation and Flood Inundation Mapping Framework (RETRACE): Initial Testing for the 2021–2022 Malaysia Flood. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2022, 11, 378. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11070378

AMA Style

Tew YL, Tan ML, Juneng L, Chun KP, Hassan MHb, Osman Sb, Samat N, Chang CK, Kabir MH. Rapid Extreme Tropical Precipitation and Flood Inundation Mapping Framework (RETRACE): Initial Testing for the 2021–2022 Malaysia Flood. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2022; 11(7):378. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11070378

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tew, Yi Lin, Mou Leong Tan, Liew Juneng, Kwok Pan Chun, Mohamad Hafiz bin Hassan, Sazali bin Osman, Narimah Samat, Chun Kiat Chang, and Muhammad Humayun Kabir. 2022. "Rapid Extreme Tropical Precipitation and Flood Inundation Mapping Framework (RETRACE): Initial Testing for the 2021–2022 Malaysia Flood" ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 7: 378. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11070378

APA Style

Tew, Y. L., Tan, M. L., Juneng, L., Chun, K. P., Hassan, M. H. b., Osman, S. b., Samat, N., Chang, C. K., & Kabir, M. H. (2022). Rapid Extreme Tropical Precipitation and Flood Inundation Mapping Framework (RETRACE): Initial Testing for the 2021–2022 Malaysia Flood. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 11(7), 378. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11070378

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