Dissecting the Genetic Basis of Flowering Time and Height Related-Traits Using Two Doubled Haploid Populations in Maize
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Genetic Materials
2.2. Phenotypic Evaluation and Statistical Analysis
2.3. Linkage Map and QTL Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Phenotypic Variation
3.2. Identification of QTLs for Six Traits
3.3. Co-Localization of QTLs for Different Traits between the Two DH Populations
4. Discussion
4.1. Relationship between Flowering Time and Height-Related Traits
4.2. Potential Utilization of the Present QTLs
4.3. Comparison with QTLs Identified in Previous Studies
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Traits | Q1 | Ye478 | Zheng58 | Population QY | Population QZ | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD a | Range b | Mean ± SD | Skew. c | Kurt. d | Range | Mean ± SD | Skew. | Kurt. | |||
AD (days) | 89.1 ± 3.2 | 80.0 ± 2.1 | 81.9 ± 2.1 | 74.0–100.0 | 87.8 ± 4.6 | −0.07 | −0.17 | 72.0–99.0 | 84.3 ± 4.7 | 0.13 | −0.47 |
SD (days) | 94.0 ± 1.8 | 83.5 ± 1.8 | 85.2 ± 1.6 | 77.0–105.0 | 91.3 ± 4.7 | −0.09 | 0.02 | 75.0–105.0 | 88.5 ± 5.3 | 0.05 | −0.19 |
ASI (days) | 4.9 ± 1.9 | 3.5 ± 0.4 | 3.4 ± 1.4 | 0–12.0 | 3.5 ± 1.9 | 0.78 | 0.66 | −2.0–16.0 | 4.3 ± 2.3 | 0.84 | 1.60 |
PH (cm) | 270.1 ± 8.9 | 174.5 ± 10.7 | 158.6 ± 9.7 | 123.0–310.0 | 206.7 ± 28.2 | 0.11 | 0.43 | 140.0–305.0 | 208.1 ± 28.4 | 0.16 | −0.10 |
EH (cm) | 120.3 ± 3.2 | 60.5 ± 3.8 | 50.6 ± 4.3 | 37.0–143.7 | 75.3 ± 18.1 | 0.32 | 0.12 | 34.3–157.0 | 71.0 ± 19.3 | 0.32 | 0.16 |
ER (%) | 44.6 ± 2.6 | 34.2 ± 4.1 | 31.7 ± 3.2 | 19.8–57.9 | 36.3 ± 5.3 | 0.02 | 0.29 | 18.6–54.9 | 35.8 ± 6.3 | −0.13 | −0.17 |
Pop. | QTL Name | Chr. | Peak (cM) | LOD | Add. | R2 (%) | 2-LOD Interval (cM) | Range (Mb) | Trait |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QY | qPH_Y1a | 1 | 40.2 | 4.2 | −6.7 | 8.8 | 36.6–50.4 | 15.6–33.4 | PH |
qEH_Y1a | 1 | 44.3 | 3.2 | −3.4 | 7.0 | 41.3–49.6 | 22.6–33.0 | EH | |
qAD_Y1a | 1 | 173.9 | 6.5 | −1.0 | 12.5 | 165.7–185.4 | 234.3–277.0 | AD | |
qSD_Y1a | 1 | 173.9 | 5.3 | −1.0 | 10.7 | 162.4–184.3 | 232.2–272.1 | SD | |
qSD_Y3a | 3 | 35.3 | 3.5 | −0.8 | 6.8 | 28.7–36.1 | 4.9–6.5 | SD | |
qSD_Y5a | 5 | 62.3 | 8.0 | −2.0 | 16.7 | 54.1–71.3 | 20.3–165.9 | SD | |
qAD_Y5a | 5 | 66.5 | 4.3 | −0.8 | 8.3 | 54.1–71.1 | 20.3–165.9 | AD | |
qPH_Y5a | 5 | 91.9 | 7.2 | −9.0 | 15.3 | 74.6–96.0 | 165.9–203.8 | PH | |
qEH_Y5a | 5 | 102.5 | 5.6 | −4.8 | 13.3 | 91.4–112.9 | 195.8–214.0 | EH | |
qER_Y5a | 5 | 117.3 | 3.0 | −1.0 | 7.8 | 106.6–121.4 | 207.7–217.3 | ER | |
qASI_Y5a | 5 | 130.4 | 4.1 | 1.2 | 11.7 | 128.8–140.3 | 218.9–221.1 | ASI | |
qPH_Y7a | 7 | 44.3 | 3.1 | −5.8 | 6.5 | 42.6–50.0 | 24.7–45.7 | PH | |
qEH_Y7a | 7 | 70.7 | 3.3 | −3.5 | 7.7 | 63.2–80.6 | 119.5–134.7 | EH | |
qEH_Y9a | 9 | 37.7 | 5.1 | −4.5 | 12.0 | 26.5–48.4 | 9.4–21.6 | EH | |
qPH_Y9a | 9 | 52.0 | 6.0 | −8.4 | 14.0 | 43.7–65.6 | 16.8–108.9 | PH | |
qAD_Y10a | 10 | 34.5 | 4.3 | −0.8 | 8.2 | 31.7–44.9 | 14.4–129.5 | AD | |
qSD_Y10a | 10 | 56.0 | 6.3 | −1.1 | 13.5 | 45.1–59.9 | 129.5–142.3 | SD | |
QZ | qER_Z1a | 1 | 90.0 | 7.9 | −1.7 | 13.8 | 73.8–96.0 | 35.5–71.2 | ER |
qEH_Z1a | 1 | 94.2 | 6.6 | −4.6 | 11.2 | 83.4–107.2 | 51.4–85.1 | EH | |
qPH_Z1a | 1 | 109.0 | 5.0 | −5.9 | 7.7 | 99.7–125.5 | 72.9–172.2 | PH | |
qSD_Z1a | 1 | 189.6 | 5.0 | −0.9 | 10.0 | 176–197.0 | 221.1–240.4 | SD | |
qER_Z1a | 1 | 239.6 | 3.0 | −1.0 | 4.8 | 235.3–250.5 | 279.6–285.5 | ER | |
qEH_Z3a | 3 | 60.6 | 4.1 | −3.5 | 6.6 | 49.6–65.5 | 6.7–11.9 | EH | |
qER_Z3a | 3 | 60.6 | 12.0 | −2.1 | 22.0 | 55.6–63.7 | 8.5–10.5 | ER | |
qAD_Z4a | 4 | 99.8 | 6.4 | −0.8 | 11.3 | 83.4–104.9 | 158.2–181.5 | AD | |
qPH_Z5a | 5 | 111.7 | 7.5 | −7.4 | 12.4 | 99.3–123.7 | 147.4–175.0 | PH | |
qEH_Z5a | 5 | 128.0 | 6.8 | −4.7 | 11.6 | 116.7–138.5 | 168.6–199.3 | EH | |
qEH_Z6a | 6 | 153.7 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 4.4 | 146.5–160.7 | 166.8–169.7 | EH | |
qEH_Z7a | 7 | 68.0 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 5.1 | 56.8–78.7 | 87.4–126.7 | EH | |
qSD_Z8a | 8 | 85.5 | 3.8 | −0.7 | 7.3 | 79.4–96.5 | 110.5–156.3 | SD | |
qAD_Z8a | 8 | 97.8 | 3.2 | −0.6 | 5.6 | 80.9–99.3 | 112.4–163.8 | AD | |
qPH_Z9a | 9 | 97.9 | 8.9 | −9.2 | 14.7 | 90.0–108.8 | 147.7–155.6 | PH | |
qEH_Z9a | 9 | 97.9 | 4.2 | −4.0 | 6.8 | 89.7–105.9 | 147.7–155.2 | EH | |
qPH_Z10a | 10 | 29.0 | 3.1 | −4.8 | 4.8 | 23.5–30.3 | 17.4–69.0 | PH |
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Du, L.; Zhang, H.; Xin, W.; Ma, K.; Du, D.; Yu, C.; Liu, Y. Dissecting the Genetic Basis of Flowering Time and Height Related-Traits Using Two Doubled Haploid Populations in Maize. Plants 2021, 10, 1585. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081585
Du L, Zhang H, Xin W, Ma K, Du D, Yu C, Liu Y. Dissecting the Genetic Basis of Flowering Time and Height Related-Traits Using Two Doubled Haploid Populations in Maize. Plants. 2021; 10(8):1585. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081585
Chicago/Turabian StyleDu, Lei, Hao Zhang, Wangsen Xin, Kejun Ma, Dengxiang Du, Changping Yu, and Yongzhong Liu. 2021. "Dissecting the Genetic Basis of Flowering Time and Height Related-Traits Using Two Doubled Haploid Populations in Maize" Plants 10, no. 8: 1585. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081585