Bacterial Spermosphere Inoculants Alter N. benthamiana-Plant Physiology and Host Bacterial Microbiome
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Soil Collection, Microbial Inoculum, Seed Selection, and Incubation Methods
2.2. Sample Selection and Processing
2.3. DNA Extractions and Library Preparation
2.4. PCR Quantification and Sequencing
2.5. Demultiplexing and Heatmap Generation
2.6. Phylum Analysis and Abundance for Genotype and Inoculation
2.7. CAPSCALE Analysis
2.8. Poly(A) Tag Library Preparation and Sequencing
2.9. CARD-FISH in Root Tissue
2.10. Cold Treatment for Inoculants
2.11. Statistics for Morphological Data Analyses
2.12. Auxin Expression Related to Bacterial Treatments
2.13. Hormone Profile
2.14. Biochemical Test for Indole Production from Bacteria
3. Results
3.1. Bacterial Inoculation Screening and Studies
3.2. Selection Based on the Capacity for the Seed–Inoculum Mixture to Alter Endogenous Auxin Levels
3.3. Functional Association between Inoculum and Transcript Abundance in the Host Plant
3.4. A Baseline Bacterial Microbiome of Nicotiana Species
3.5. Plants That Were Grown after Being Inoculated with a Single Microbial Species Displayed Specific Trends in the EC Community
3.6. Changing Temperatures during Spermosphere Association Was Important to the Host Response to Inoculation
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sanchez Barrios, A.; Lundberg, D.; Lorenzo, L.d.; Amos, B.K.; Nair, M.; Hunt, A.; DeBolt, S. Bacterial Spermosphere Inoculants Alter N. benthamiana-Plant Physiology and Host Bacterial Microbiome. Plants 2024, 13, 1677. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13121677
Sanchez Barrios A, Lundberg D, Lorenzo Ld, Amos BK, Nair M, Hunt A, DeBolt S. Bacterial Spermosphere Inoculants Alter N. benthamiana-Plant Physiology and Host Bacterial Microbiome. Plants. 2024; 13(12):1677. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13121677
Chicago/Turabian StyleSanchez Barrios, Andrea, Derek Lundberg, Laura de Lorenzo, B Kirtley Amos, Meera Nair, Arthur Hunt, and Seth DeBolt. 2024. "Bacterial Spermosphere Inoculants Alter N. benthamiana-Plant Physiology and Host Bacterial Microbiome" Plants 13, no. 12: 1677. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13121677