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Volume 10
Issue 4
10.3390/aerospace10040337
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Article

Performance-Based Navigation Approach Procedures with Barometric Vertical Guidance: How to Select the Air Temperature for Approach Procedure Design

by
Luis Pérez Sanz
*,
Carmen Martínez García-Gasco
,
Marta Pérez Maroto
,
Javier A. Pérez-Castán
,
Lidia Serrano-Mira
and
Víctor Fernando Gómez Comendador
ETSI Aeronáutica y del Espacio, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Plaza del Cardenal Cisneros, 28040 Madrid, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Aerospace 2023, 10(4), 337; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10040337
Submission received: 30 January 2023 / Revised: 20 March 2023 / Accepted: 23 March 2023 / Published: 28 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Air Traffic and Airspace Control and Management)
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Abstract

In performance-based navigation (PBN) procedures with barometric vertical guidance, the effective vertical path angle (VPA) depends on the actual air temperature at the time of approach execution. A very low design temperature could result in an obstacle clearance height (OCH) higher than needed; hence, the airport throughput could be reduced when the cloud ceiling is below the OCH. Conversely, the design of a low temperature higher than is practical could lead to long periods in which the procedure cannot be used. The results of this research show that there is not much difference between the effective VPA for the different low temperatures studied. However, this slight difference, when obstacles penetrating the final approach surface (FAS) exist, usually leads to the approach minima being significantly different from each other. The objective of this study was to analyse the impact of the selected designed low temperatures in PBN procedures with barometric vertical guidance on the OCH/runway throughput and approach periods of use balance. Finally, guidelines on the selection of the minimum designed low temperature are proposed.
Keywords: performance-based navigation (PBN); runway throughput; barometric vertical guidance; instrument flight procedures design (IFPD); temperature in final approach; obstacle clearance height (OCH) performance-based navigation (PBN); runway throughput; barometric vertical guidance; instrument flight procedures design (IFPD); temperature in final approach; obstacle clearance height (OCH)

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MDPI and ACS Style

Pérez Sanz, L.; Martínez García-Gasco, C.; Pérez Maroto, M.; Pérez-Castán, J.A.; Serrano-Mira, L.; Gómez Comendador, V.F. Performance-Based Navigation Approach Procedures with Barometric Vertical Guidance: How to Select the Air Temperature for Approach Procedure Design. Aerospace 2023, 10, 337. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10040337

AMA Style

Pérez Sanz L, Martínez García-Gasco C, Pérez Maroto M, Pérez-Castán JA, Serrano-Mira L, Gómez Comendador VF. Performance-Based Navigation Approach Procedures with Barometric Vertical Guidance: How to Select the Air Temperature for Approach Procedure Design. Aerospace. 2023; 10(4):337. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10040337

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pérez Sanz, Luis, Carmen Martínez García-Gasco, Marta Pérez Maroto, Javier A. Pérez-Castán, Lidia Serrano-Mira, and Víctor Fernando Gómez Comendador. 2023. "Performance-Based Navigation Approach Procedures with Barometric Vertical Guidance: How to Select the Air Temperature for Approach Procedure Design" Aerospace 10, no. 4: 337. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10040337

APA Style

Pérez Sanz, L., Martínez García-Gasco, C., Pérez Maroto, M., Pérez-Castán, J. A., Serrano-Mira, L., & Gómez Comendador, V. F. (2023). Performance-Based Navigation Approach Procedures with Barometric Vertical Guidance: How to Select the Air Temperature for Approach Procedure Design. Aerospace, 10(4), 337. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10040337

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