Attitudes of Community Pharmacy Service Users towards Vaccination Programs in Pharmacy: A Cross-Sectional Survey-Based Study in Croatia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethical Considerations
2.2. The Questionnaire
2.3. Sample Size
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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All N = 385 | |
---|---|
Education level | |
Three-year vocational education (CQF level 4.1) | 5 (1.3%) |
Gymnasium high school education; four- and five-year vocational high school education (CQF level 4.2) | 154 (40.0%) |
University undergraduate studies; professional undergraduate studies (CQF level 6) | 98 (25.5%) |
University graduate studies; specialist graduate professional studies; postgraduate specialist studies (CQF level 7) | 112 (29.1%) |
Postgraduate scientific master’s studies or postgraduate university (doctoral) studies (CQF level 8) | 16 (4.2%) |
Average monthly income | |
Below minimum wage (498€) | 198 (51.4%) |
Minimum wage–average national income (498–941€) | 74 (19.2%) |
Average national income—1590€ | 90 (23.4%) |
More than 1590€ | 23 (6.0%) |
Health care workers | 75 (19.5%) |
Family member health care worker | 104 (27.0%) |
Has a chronic illness | 66 (17.1%) |
Sources of information about vaccines and vaccination programs | |
Health care workers | 312 (81.0%) |
Internet | 203 (52.7%) |
Media | 188 (48.8%) |
Family and friends | 179 (46.5%) |
Social networks | 92 (23.9%) |
Somewhat Disagree or Fully Disagree | Not Sure | Somewhat Agree or Fully Agree | |
---|---|---|---|
Safety | |||
Vaccines are safe. | 38 (9.9%) | 57 (14.8%) | 290 (75.4%) |
I am worried that some vaccines cause autism in children. | 223 (57.9%) | 86 (22.3%) | 76 (19.8%) |
I believe that manufacturers make safe and effective vaccines. | 51 (13.2%) | 96 (24.9%) | 238 (61.8%) |
Knowledge | |||
I have good knowledge about infectious diseases. | 50 (13.0%) | 96 (24.9%) | 239 (62.1%) |
I have good knowledge on how vaccines work. | 48 (12.5%) | 95 (24.7%) | 242 (62.9%) |
Infection offers better protection than vaccination. | 126 (32.7%) | 139 (36.1%) | 120 (31.1%) |
It doesn’t matter if the child is vaccinated several times with different vaccines or with a combination of several vaccines. | 141 (36.7%) | 187 (48.6%) | 57 (14.9%) |
I remember vaccines I received as child. | 127 (33.0%) | 75 (19.5%) | 183 (47.5%) |
Public health | |||
Vaccinating children is important for the health of the community. | 32 (8.3%) | 45 (11.7%) | 308 (80.0%) |
Vaccinations against all infectious diseases should be mandatory for all health care workers. | 89 (23.1%) | 73 (19.0%) | 223 (57.9%) |
Risk groups should be vaccinated with seasonal vaccines, i.e., against the flu | 42 (11.0%) | 77 (20.0%) | 266 (69.1%) |
Some vaccines from the mandatory programme are not necessary because those illnesses don’t exist in Croatia anymore, i.e., polio. | 272 (70.6%) | 71 (18.4%) | 42 (10.9%) |
Some vaccines from the mandatory programme are not necessary because those illnesses are harmless. | 276 (71.7%) | 69 (17.9%) | 40 (10.4%) |
Ethical considerations | |||
Vaccinations represent a great step forward in modern medicine and mankind. | 19 (4.9%) | 35 (9.1%) | 331 (86.0%) |
My right to agree to a medical procedure means that every vaccination should be voluntary. | 119 (30.9%) | 82 (21.3%) | 184 (47.8%) |
For the purpose of protecting public health it is necessary to receive mandatory vaccines. | 47 (12.2%) | 43 (11.2%) | 295 (76.6%) |
It is legitimate that the government makes vaccination mandatory. | 128 (33.2%) | 84 (21.8%) | 173 (45.0%) |
Vaccinating childern | |||
Children receive too many vaccines. | 213 (55.4%) | 108 (28.1%) | 64 (16.7%) |
Children get vaccinated while they are still too young. | 257 (66.7%) | 72 (18.7%) | 56 (14.6%) |
Somewhat Disagree or Fully Disagree | Not Sure | Somewhat Agree or Fully Agree | |
---|---|---|---|
More people will get vaccinated against seasonal diseases, i.e., the flu, if vaccination is available in community pharmacies. | 56 (14.6%) | 103 (26.8%) | 226 (58.7%) |
Vaccination in the community pharmacy should be conducted only by a physician. | 111 (28.8%) | 78 (20.3%) | 196 (50.9%) |
Vaccination by a qualified pharmacist (who underwent additional training) is less safe than vaccination by a physician. | 227 (59.0%) | 81 (21.0%) | 77 (20.0%) |
Vaccination in a community pharmacy is less safe than vaccination at a physician’s office. | 224 (58.2%) | 77 (20.0%) | 84 (21.8%) |
Pharmacists or physicians who would provide vaccination service in the community pharmacy should be paid for such service. | 41 (10.7%) | 57 (14.8%) | 287 (74.6%) |
Characteristics | Univariate Analysis, Estimate 95% CI | Multivariate Analysis, Estimate 95% CI |
---|---|---|
Sex | ||
Male | Reference | |
Female | −1.7 (−5.1, 1.7) | |
Education | ||
Three-year vocational education (CQF level 4.1) | −21.1 (−32.9, −9.3) *** | 0.9 (−10.5, 8.7) |
Gymnasium high school education; four- and five-year vocational high school education (CQF level 4.2) | Reference | Reference |
University undergraduate studies; professional undergraduate studies (CQF level 6) | −6.5 (−9.9, −3.2) ** | −2.5 (−5.2, 0.2) |
University graduate studies; specialist graduate professional studies; postgraduate specialist studies (CQF level 7) | −3.2 (−6.4, 0.1) | −0.7 (−3.7, 2.4) |
Postgraduate scientific master’s studies or postgraduate university (doctoral) studies (CQF level 8) | 6.5 (−0.4, 13.3) | 6.4 (0.5, 12.3) * |
Average monthly income | ||
below 3750 HRK | Reference | Reference |
3750–7091 HRK | −9.5 (−13.0, −5.5) *** | −6.3 (−9.2, −3.3) *** |
7091–12,000 HRK | −4.6 (−7.9, −1.3) ** | −4.3 (−7.4, 1.2) ** |
above 12,000 HRK | 4.0 (−1.7, 9.7) | 0.2 (−4.7, 5.2) |
Are you or your family member a healthcare worker? | ||
No | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 3.6 (0.8, 6.4) * | 1.6 (−0.6, 3.7) |
Chronic illness | ||
No | Reference | |
Yes | −0.3 (−4.0, 3.3) | |
Vaccinated as an adult with seasonal flu or other vaccine? | ||
No | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 9.7 (7.1, 12.3) *** | 6.1 (4.0, 8.3) *** |
Ever heard of HPV vaccine? | ||
No | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 8.6 (2.5, 14.8) ** | 4.2 (−0.4, 8.9) |
Do you know anyone who had a severe reaction to the vaccine? | ||
No | Reference | Reference |
Yes | −11.7 (−14.8, −8.7) *** | −6.1 (−8.7, −3.6) *** |
If you had children, would you vaccinate them with all mandatory vaccines? | ||
No | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 27.0 (22.8, 31.3) *** | 20.4 (16.4, 24.5) *** |
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Rusic, D.; Nanasi, D.; Bozic, J.; Jurcev Savicevic, A.; Leskur, D.; Seselja Perisin, A.; Modun, D.; Vilovic, M.; Bukic, J. Attitudes of Community Pharmacy Service Users towards Vaccination Programs in Pharmacy: A Cross-Sectional Survey-Based Study in Croatia. Pharmacy 2022, 10, 167. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10060167
Rusic D, Nanasi D, Bozic J, Jurcev Savicevic A, Leskur D, Seselja Perisin A, Modun D, Vilovic M, Bukic J. Attitudes of Community Pharmacy Service Users towards Vaccination Programs in Pharmacy: A Cross-Sectional Survey-Based Study in Croatia. Pharmacy. 2022; 10(6):167. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10060167
Chicago/Turabian StyleRusic, Doris, Doris Nanasi, Josko Bozic, Anamarija Jurcev Savicevic, Dario Leskur, Ana Seselja Perisin, Darko Modun, Marino Vilovic, and Josipa Bukic. 2022. "Attitudes of Community Pharmacy Service Users towards Vaccination Programs in Pharmacy: A Cross-Sectional Survey-Based Study in Croatia" Pharmacy 10, no. 6: 167. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10060167
APA StyleRusic, D., Nanasi, D., Bozic, J., Jurcev Savicevic, A., Leskur, D., Seselja Perisin, A., Modun, D., Vilovic, M., & Bukic, J. (2022). Attitudes of Community Pharmacy Service Users towards Vaccination Programs in Pharmacy: A Cross-Sectional Survey-Based Study in Croatia. Pharmacy, 10(6), 167. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10060167