High Levels of Anxiety, Depression, Risk of Suicide, and Implications for Treatment in Patients with Lamellar Ichthyosis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Vahlquist, A.; Gånemo, A.; Virtanen, M. Congenital ichthyosis: An overview of current and emerging therapies. Acta Derm. Venereol. 2008, 88, 4–14. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Schmuth, M.; Gruber, R.; Elias, P.M.; Williams, M.L. Ichthyosis update: Towards a function-driven model of pathogenesis of the disorders of cornification and the role of corneocyte proteins in these disorders. Adv. Dermatol. 2007, 23, 231–256. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- González-Del Carmen, M.; Montaño, S.; Reyes-Hernández, O.D.; Vizcaíno-Dorado, P.A.; Leyva-García, N.; Morales-Morfín, J.C.; Diaz-Beltran, W.; Quinto-Santiago, E.; Msc, L.C.; Magaña, J.J.; et al. High prevalence of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis in a Mexican population caused by a new mutation in the TGM1 gene: Epidemiological evidence of a founder effect. Int. J. Dermatol. 2020, 59, 969–977. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rodríguez-Pazos, L.; Ginarte, M.; Fachal, L.; Toribio, J.; Carracedo, A.; Vega, A. Analysis of TGM1, ALOX12B, ALOXE3, NIPAL4 and CYP4F22 in autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis from Galicia (NW Spain): Evidence of founder effects. Br. J. Dermatol. 2011, 165, 906–911. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hernández-Martín, A.; Garcia-Doval, I.; Aranegui, B.; De Unamuno, P.; Rodríguez-Pazos, L.; González-Enseñat, M.A.; Vicente, A.; Martín-Santiago, A.; Garcia-Bravo, B.; Feito, M.; et al. Prevalence of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis: A population-based study using the capture-recapture method in Spain. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2012, 67, 240–244. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Kurosawa, M.; Uehara, R.; Takagi, A.; Aoyama, Y.; Iwatsuki, K.; Amagai, M.; Nagai, M.; Nakamura, Y.; Inaba, Y.; Yokoyama, K.; et al. Results of a nationwide epidemiologic survey of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis and ichthyosis syndromes in Japan. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2019, 81, 1086–1092. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Guo, F.; Yu, Q.; Liu, Z.; Zhang, C.; Li, P.; Xu, Y.; Zuo, Y.; Zhang, G.; Li, Y.; Liu, H. Evaluation of life quality, anxiety, and depression in patients with skin diseases. Medicine 2020, 99, e22983. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Sun, Q.; Ren, I.; Zaki, T.; Maciejewski, K.; Choate, K. Ichthyosis affects mental health in adults and children: A cross-sectional study. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2020, 83, 951–954. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wren, G.H.; Humby, T.; Thompson, A.R.; Davies, W. Mood symptoms, neurodevelopmental traits, and their contributory factors in X-linked ichthyosis, ichthyosis vulgaris and psoriasis. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 2022, 47, 1097–1108. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Showraki, M.; Showraki, T.; Brown, K. Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Revisited. Psychiatr. Q. 2020, 91, 905–914. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Fried, R.G.; Gupta, M.A.; Gupta, A.K. Depression and skin disease. Dermatol. Clin. 2005, 23, 657–664. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Bentley, K.H.; Franklin, J.C.; Ribeiro, J.D.; Kleiman, E.M.; Fox, K.R.; Nock, M.K. Anxiety and its disorders as risk factors for suicidal thoughts and behaviors: A meta-analytic review. Clin. Psychol. Rev. 2016, 43, 30–46. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Norton, P.J.; Temple, S.R.; Pettit, J.W. Suicidal ideation and anxiety disorders: Elevated risk or artifact of comorbid depression? J. Behav. Ther. Exp. Psychiatry 2008, 39, 515–525. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- World Health Organization Suicide: Key Facts. 2021. Available online: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/suicide (accessed on 7 July 2022).
- Picardi, A.; Lega, I.; Tarolla, E. Suicide risk in skin disorders. Clin. Dermatol. 2013, 31, 47–56. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Dieris-Hirche, J.; Gieler, U.; Petrak, F.; Milch, W.; te Wildt, B.; Dieris, B.; Herpertz, S. Suicidal ideation in adult patients with atopic dermatitis: A German cross-sectional study. Acta Derm. Venereol. 2017, 97, 1189–1195. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Pompili, M.; Bonanni, L.; Gualtieri, F.; Trovini, G.; Persechino, S.; Baldessarini, R.J. Suicidal risks with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Psychosom Res. 2021, 141, 110347. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Sandhu, J.K.; Wu, K.K.; Bui, T.L.; Armstrong, A.W. Association between Atopic Dermatitis and Suicidality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Dermatol. 2019, 155, 178–187. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Cortés, H.; Rojas-Márquez, M.; Reyes-Hernández, O.D.; Morales-Morfín, J.C.; Guapillo-Vargas, M.R.B.; Varela-Cardoso, M.; Magaña, J.J.; Leyva-Gómez, G.; González-del Carmen, M. Increased risk of depression and impairment in quality of life in patients with lamellar ichthyosis. Dermatol. Ther. 2021, 34, e14628. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, Y.-P.; Gorenstein, C. Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory-II: A comprehensive review. Rev. Bras Psiquiatr. 2013, 35, 416–431. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Sanz, J. Recomendaciones para la utilizacion de la adaptacion espanola del Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck (BAI) en la practica clinica. Clin. Salud 2014, 25, 39–48. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Hockberger, R.S.; Rothstein, R.J. Assessment of suicide potential by nonpsychiatrists using the SAD PERSONS score. J. Emerg. Med. 1988, 6, 99–107. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chandramouleeswaran, S.; Edwin, N.C.; Victor, P.J.; Tharyan, P. The emergency physician’s assessment of suicide risk in intentional self-poisoning using the modified SAD PERSONS scale versus standard psychiatric evaluation in a general hospital in South India: A cross-sectional study. Trop. Doct. 2015, 45, 21–26. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Wu, C.-Y.; Huang, H.-C.; Wu, S.-I.; Sun, F.-J.; Huang, C.-R.; Liu, S.-I. Validation of the Chinese SAD PERSONS Scale to predict repeated self-harm in emergency attendees in Taiwan. BMC Psychiatry 2014, 14, 44. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Kamalpour, L.; Rice, Z.P.; Pavlis, M.; Veledar, E.; Chen, S.C. Reliable methods to evaluate the clinical severity of ichthyosis. Pediatr. Dermatol. 2010, 27, 148–153. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cortés, H.; Magaña, J.J.; Reyes-Hernández, O.D.; Zacaula-Juárez, N.; González-Torres, M.; Diaz-Beltrán, W.; León-Trejo, M.C.; Cariño-Calvo, L.; Leyva-Gómez, G.; Carmen, M.G. Non-invasive analysis of skin mechanical properties in patients with lamellar ichthyosis. Skin Res. Technol. 2019, 25, 375–381. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Cortés, H.; Rojas-Márquez, M.; Del Prado-Audelo, M.L.; Reyes-Hernández, O.D.; González-Del Carmen, M.; Leyva-Gómez, G. Alterations in mental health and quality of life in patients with skin disorders: A narrative review. Int. J. Dermatol. 2022, 61, 783–791. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Keefner, T.P.; Stenvig, T. Suicidality: An Evolutionary Concept Analysis. Issues Ment. Health Nurs. 2021, 42, 227–238. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Gupta, M.A.; Pur, D.R.; Vujcic, B.; Gupta, A.K. Suicidal behaviors in the dermatology patient. Clin. Dermatol. 2017, 35, 302–311. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Thyssen, J.P.; Hamann, C.R.; Linneberg, A.; Dantoft, T.M.; Skov, L.; Gislason, G.H.; Wu, J.J.; Egeberg, A. Atopic dermatitis is associated with anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation, but not with psychiatric hospitalization or suicide. Allergy Eur. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2018, 73, 214–220. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rønnstad, A.T.M.; Halling-Overgaard, A.S.; Hamann, C.R.; Skov, L.; Egeberg, A.; Thyssen, J.P. Association of atopic dermatitis with depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation in children and adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2018, 79, 448–456. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Kelly, K.A.; Balogh, E.A.; Kaplan, S.G.; Feldman, S.R. Skin Disease in Children: Effects on Quality of Life, Stigmatization, Bullying, and Suicide Risk in Pediatric Acne, Atopic Dermatitis, and Psoriasis Patients. Child 2021, 8, 1057. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Picardi, A.; Mazzotti, E.; Pasquini, P. Prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation among patients with skin disease. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2006, 54, 420–426. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Xu, S.; Zhu, Y.; Hu, H.; Liu, X.; Li, L.; Yang, B.; Wu, W.; Liang, Z.; Deng, D. The analysis of acne increasing suicide risk. Medicine 2021, 100, e26035. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lukaviciute, L.; Navickas, P.; Navickas, A.; Grigaitiene, J.; Ganceviciene, R.; Zouboulis, C.C. Quality of life, anxiety prevalence, depression symptomatology and suicidal ideation among acne patients in Lithuania. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 2017, 31, 1900–1906. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Pavon Blanco, A.; Turner, M.A.; Petrof, G.; Weinman, J. To what extent do disease severity and illness perceptions explain depression, anxiety and quality of life in hidradenitis suppurativa? Br. J. Dermatol. 2019, 180, 338–345. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Thorlacius, L.; Cohen, A.D.; Gislason, G.H.; Jemec, G.B.E.; Egeberg, A. Increased Suicide Risk in Patients with Hidradenitis Suppurativa. J. Investig. Dermatol. 2018, 138, 52–57. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Cavenagh, A.; Chatterjee, S.; Davies, W. Behavioural and psychiatric phenotypes in female carriers of genetic mutations associated with X-linked ichthyosis. PLoS ONE 2019, 14, e0212330. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Lang, U.E.; Borgwardt, S. Molecular mechanisms of depression: Perspectives on new treatment strategies. Cell Physiol. Biochem. 2013, 31, 761–777. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cortés, H.; Del Prado-Audelo, M.L.; Urbán-Morlán, Z.; Alcalá-Alcalá, S.; González-Torres, M.; Reyes-Hernández, O.D.; Carmen, M.G.-D.; Leyva-Gómez, G. Pharmacological treatments for cutaneous manifestations of inherited ichthyoses. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 2020, 312, 237–248. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zaenglein, A.L.; Levy, M.L.; Stefanko, N.S.; Benjamin, L.T.; Bruckner, A.L.; Choate, K.; Craiglow, B.G.; DiGiovanna, J.J.; Eichenfield, L.F.; Elias, P.; et al. Consensus recommendations for the use of retinoids in ichthyosis and other disorders of cornification in children and adolescents. Pediatr. Dermatol. 2021, 38, 164–180. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Paljarvi, T.; McPherson, T.; Luciano, S.; Herttua, K.; Fazel, S. Isotretinoin and adverse neuropsychiatric outcomes: Retrospective cohort study using routine data. Br. J. Dermatol. 2022, 187, 64–72. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Abdelmaksoud, A.; Vojvodic, A.; Ayhan, E.; Dönmezdil, S.; Jovicevic, T.V.; Vojvodic, P.; Lotti, T.; Vestita, M. Depression, isotretinoin, and folic acid: A practical review. Dermatol. Ther. 2019, 32, e13104. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kim, J.; Kim, J.; Lee, Y.I.; Suk, J.; Lee, D.; Lee, J.H. A pilot study evaluating the efficacy and safety of retinaldehyde-loaded niosomes against mild-to-moderate acne. J. Cosmet Dermatol. 2021, 20, 3586–3592. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Liu, J.; Zheng, A.; Peng, B.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, N. Size-Dependent Absorption through Stratum Corneum by Drug-Loaded Liposomes. Pharm. Res. 2021, 38, 1429–1437. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Samadi, A.; Sartipi, Z.; Ahmad Nasrollahi, S.; Sheikholeslami, B.; Kashani, M.N.; Rouini, M.R.; Dinarvand, R.; Firooz, A. Efficacy assessments of tretinoin-loaded nano lipid carriers in acne vulgaris: A double blind, split-face randomized clinical study. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 2022, 314, 553–561. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Marathe, K.; Teng, J.M.C.; Guenthner, S.; Bunick, C.G.; Kempers, S.; Eads, K.; Castelo-Soccio, L.; Mendelsohn, A.M.; Raiz, J.; Murrell, D.F. Topical Isotretinoin (TMB-001) Treatment for 12 Weeks Did Not Result in Clinically Relevant Laboratory Abnormalities in Participants with Congenital Ichthyosis in the Phase 2b CONTROL Study. Dermatol. Ther. 2023, 13, 1255–1264. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wincewicz, K.; Nasierowski, T. Electrodermal activity and suicide risk assessment in patients with affective disorders. Psychiatr. Pol. 2020, 54, 1137–1147. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Clinical Features | n (%) |
---|---|
Collodion membrane a | 24 (100) |
Brown plate-like scales b | 24 (100) |
Palmoplantar hyperkeratosis b | 24 (100) |
Palmoplantar hyperlinearity b | 21 (87) |
Hypohidrosis a | 21 (87) |
Pruritus a | 21 (87) |
Ectropion b | 20 (83) |
Scarring alopecia b | 19 (79) |
Digital contractures b | 15 (62) |
Subungual hyperkeratosis b | 7 (29) |
Onychogryphosis b | 4 (16) |
Malformation of the nose and ear cartilage b | 2 (8) |
Keratosis pilaris b | 2 (8) |
N (%) | p-Value * | Cramer’s V | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anxiety | |||||||
Minimum | Mild | Moderate | Severe | ||||
LI | 24 (100) | 2 (8) | 10 (41) | 8 (33) | 4 (16) | 0.028 | 0.429 |
Control | 24 (100) | 11 (45) | 5 (20) | 6 (25) | 2 (8) | ||
Depression | |||||||
Minimum | Mild | Moderate | Severe | ||||
LI | 24 (100) | 5 (20) | 5 (20) | 7 (29) | 7 (29) | 0.001 | 0.594 |
Control | 24 (100) | 19 (79) | 1 (4) | 3 (12) | 1 (4) | ||
Suicide risk | |||||||
No risk | Low | Medium | High | ||||
LI | 24 (100) | 7 (29) | 9 (37) | 7 (29) | 1 (4) | 0.011 | 0.462 |
Control | 24 (100) | 17 (70) | 6 (25) | 1 (4) | 0 (0) |
N | Median a (Range) | p-Value b | OR c | |
---|---|---|---|---|
BAI | ||||
LI | 24 | 16 (5–49) | 0.011 | 9.3 (1.778, 48.723) |
Control | 24 | 10 (0–34) | ||
DBI-II | ||||
LI | 24 | 25 (0–47) | <0.001 | 14.4 (3.58, 58.15) |
Control | 24 | 8.5 (2–33) | ||
SAD PERSONS | ||||
LI | 24 | 3 (1–7) | 0.001 | 5.8 (1.699, 20.48) |
Control | 24 | 2 (0–6) |
N | Median a (Range) | p-Value b | OR c | |
---|---|---|---|---|
LI | ||||
Comorbidity of anxiety and depression | 17 | 4 (1–7) | 0.02 | 18.7 (2.06, 170.2) |
Only depression or anxiety | 7 | 2 (1–5) |
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. |
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Cortés, H.; Cariño-Calvo, L.; Reyes-Hernández, O.D.; Rojas-Márquez, M.; Magaña, J.J.; Vizcaino-Dorado, P.A.; Villegas-Vazquez, E.Y.; Quintas-Granados, L.I.; Jiménez-Islas, E.; Cortés-Mollinedo, V.A.; et al. High Levels of Anxiety, Depression, Risk of Suicide, and Implications for Treatment in Patients with Lamellar Ichthyosis. Healthcare 2023, 11, 2071. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11142071
Cortés H, Cariño-Calvo L, Reyes-Hernández OD, Rojas-Márquez M, Magaña JJ, Vizcaino-Dorado PA, Villegas-Vazquez EY, Quintas-Granados LI, Jiménez-Islas E, Cortés-Mollinedo VA, et al. High Levels of Anxiety, Depression, Risk of Suicide, and Implications for Treatment in Patients with Lamellar Ichthyosis. Healthcare. 2023; 11(14):2071. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11142071
Chicago/Turabian StyleCortés, Hernán, Lizbeth Cariño-Calvo, Octavio D. Reyes-Hernández, Martín Rojas-Márquez, Jonathan J. Magaña, Pablo A. Vizcaino-Dorado, Edgar Y. Villegas-Vazquez, Laura Itzel Quintas-Granados, Elizabeth Jiménez-Islas, Valeria A. Cortés-Mollinedo, and et al. 2023. "High Levels of Anxiety, Depression, Risk of Suicide, and Implications for Treatment in Patients with Lamellar Ichthyosis" Healthcare 11, no. 14: 2071. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11142071