Healthcare

15 pages, 327 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Association Between Sleep Health and a History of Cataract Surgery in the United States Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2008

by Chuanxi Wang, Ning Bao and Zhengxuan Jiang

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1136; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101136 - 13 May 2025

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between sleep-related variables (sleep duration, sleep trouble, and sleep disorder), comprehensive sleep patterns, and the reported history of cataract surgery in the U.S. population aged 20 years and older. Methods: We utilized [...] Read more.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between sleep-related variables (sleep duration, sleep trouble, and sleep disorder), comprehensive sleep patterns, and the reported history of cataract surgery in the U.S. population aged 20 years and older. Methods: We utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2008 database. First, we analyzed the association between covariates and the reported history of cataract surgery using univariable Poisson regression. Subsequently, we constructed three models to evaluate the association between sleep-related variables and the reported history of cataract surgery using multivariable Poisson regression. Subgroup analyses were conducted to determine whether the association between sleep and the reported history of cataract surgery exhibited heterogeneity. Finally, we performed a sensitivity analysis to assess the stability of the results. Results: A total of 8591 participants were included in this study, among whom 774 had a history of cataract surgery. After adjusting for all covariates, participants experiencing sleep trouble had a higher prevalence of reported history of cataract surgery than participants without sleep trouble [PR = 1.40; 95%CI = (1.22, 1.62)]. Regarding combined sleep, participants with poor sleep patterns had a 36% higher prevalence of reported history of cataract surgery than those with healthy sleep patterns [PR = 1.36; 95%CI = (1.13, 1.64)]. The results of the sensitivity analysis indicate that the relationship between sleep patterns and the reported history of cataract surgery is robust. Conclusions: Sleep trouble and poor sleep patterns are positively linked to the high prevalence of a reported history of cataract surgery. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Update on Cataract Surgery)

15 pages, 729 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Differences in Lumbar–Pelvic Rhythm Between Sedentary Office Workers with and Without Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study

by Takaaki Nishimura, Masayasu Tanaka, Natsuko Morikoshi, Tamaki Yoshizawa and Ryo Miyachi

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1135; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101135 - 13 May 2025

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Sedentary office workers (SOWs) often adopt prolonged sitting postures, which potentially disrupt the lumbar–pelvic rhythm (LPR) and contribute to lower back pain (LBP). This study aimed to clarify the group differences in LPR and related physical factors between SOWs with and without [...] Read more.

Background/Objectives: Sedentary office workers (SOWs) often adopt prolonged sitting postures, which potentially disrupt the lumbar–pelvic rhythm (LPR) and contribute to lower back pain (LBP). This study aimed to clarify the group differences in LPR and related physical factors between SOWs with and without LBP. Methods: Sixty-three SOWs were divided into LBP (n = 30) and non-LBP (n = 33) groups. The lumbar flexion angle (LF) and lumbar–hip angle difference (LHD), which are indicators of LPR, were measured using inertial sensors during trunk flexion. Hip flexion muscle strength (HFMS) and hip-extension muscle strength (HEMS) were assessed using handheld dynamometry. Hip joint range of motion (ROM) was measured using a goniometer. Lumbar proprioception was evaluated via active joint repositioning, and pain and perception were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale, Oswestry Disability Index, and Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire. Results: Multiple regression analysis showed significantly greater LF (estimated regression coefficient [ERC]: −2.9, p < 0.05) and LHD (ERC: −5.5, p < 0.05) during early trunk flexion (ETF) in the LBP group. In the LBP group, LHD during ETF and late trunk flexion were positively correlated with HFMS, and HFMS was correlated with HEMS. Conclusions: HFMS may contribute to an altered LPR in SOWs with LBP. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Comprehensive Rehabilitation of Low Back Pain in the Perspective of Human Health)

9 pages, 195 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Impact of Hospital Volunteers’ Health Promotion Programs on Health Literacy and Quality of Life

by Chih-Hung Chen, Song-Seng Loke, Pi-Chi Han and Wei-Chuan Chen

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1134; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101134 - 13 May 2025

Abstract

Background: This study investigated whether a health literacy intervention program could improve the health literacy and quality of life among hospital volunteers. The study also explored the impact of health literacy on hospital volunteers’ health and psychological well-being. Methods: Overall, 35 [...] Read more.

Background: This study investigated whether a health literacy intervention program could improve the health literacy and quality of life among hospital volunteers. The study also explored the impact of health literacy on hospital volunteers’ health and psychological well-being. Methods: Overall, 35 hospital volunteers were recruited and divided into an experimental group (n = 22) and a control group (n = 13). The experimental group participated in an 8-week health literacy intervention program, which covered topics such as medication information, physiological and symptom-related vocabulary, and disease representation. The control group did not receive any intervention. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess participants’ health literacy and quality of life before and after the intervention, and the comparison between two groups was statistically analyzed. Results: The experimental group showed significant improvements in multiple aspects of health literacy, particularly in medication information, physiology vocabulary, symptom vocabulary, and signs vocabulary (p < 0.05). In terms of quality of life, the experimental group demonstrated significant enhancements in psychological well-being and overall quality of life (p < 0.05). In contrast, the control group exhibited a downward trend in most health literacy dimensions with a significant decline in organ vocabulary (p < 0.05) and no significant changes in quality of life. Conclusions: The health literacy intervention program effectively improved hospital volunteers’ health literacy and quality of life with particularly notable effects on psychological well-being and the understanding of health-related professional terminology. By enhancing hospital volunteers’ health literacy and quality of life, healthcare organizations can foster more effective, sustainable, and satisfactory service quality. Full article

17 pages, 644 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Assessing the Alignment of Chilean Food-Based Dietary Guidelines on Cancer Prevention: A Content Analysis

by Alejandra Ortega-Guzmán, Solange Parra-Soto, María Jesús Vega-Salas, Lorena Rodríguez-Osiac and Sandra López-Arana

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1133; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101133 - 13 May 2025

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Cancer is a multifactorial disease. Evidence suggests that 30% to 50% of cancer incidence is linked to unhealthy behaviors. It is therefore important that dietary recommendations, including population-based dietary guidelines, and public policies be designed to support and facilitate healthier choices. [...] Read more.

Background/Objectives: Cancer is a multifactorial disease. Evidence suggests that 30% to 50% of cancer incidence is linked to unhealthy behaviors. It is therefore important that dietary recommendations, including population-based dietary guidelines, and public policies be designed to support and facilitate healthier choices. We evaluated the alignment between the updated Chilean Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDGs) and cancer prevention recommendations from the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF/AICR) and the Latin America and the Caribbean Code Against Cancer (LAC-Code). Methods: A qualitative content analysis was performed based on the dissemination and technical documents from the updated Chilean FBDGs (2023), the WCRF/AICR and the LAC Code. A first set of codes was developed to evaluate the relevance of the messages with cancer prevention recommendations, and a second one aimed to characterize the food and diet recommendations included in cancer prevention recommendations and the Chilean FBDGs. Furthermore, we compared the 10 Chilean FBDG messages with the WCRF/AICR and the LAC Code recommendations. Results: The updated Chilean FBDG messages met most of the categories included. Four out of ten of the Chilean FBDG messages were directly aligned with LAC Code and the WCRF/AICR recommendations, five had an indirect relationship, and one was not related to any cancer recommendation. Conclusions: Our study suggests that the updated Chilean FBDG messages are most often indirectly aligned with the worldwide and the Latin American region cancer prevention recommendations over the role of diet, nutrition and physical activity in cancer risk among the general population. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Relationship Between Physical Activity, Dietary Habits and Health Status)

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11 pages, 629 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Aging in Place and Healthcare Equity: Using Community Partnerships to Influence Health Outcomes

by Annie Rhodes and Christine C. McNichols

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1132; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101132 - 13 May 2025

Abstract

Background and Objective: Aging in place (AIP) refers to the ability to remain in one’s home and community as one ages. While AIP is widely regarded as beneficial, disparities in housing stability, accessibility, and affordability create inequitable barriers. Current clinical AIP interventions [...] Read more.

Background and Objective: Aging in place (AIP) refers to the ability to remain in one’s home and community as one ages. While AIP is widely regarded as beneficial, disparities in housing stability, accessibility, and affordability create inequitable barriers. Current clinical AIP interventions focus on individual-level solutions, often overlooking broader socio-economic and structural determinants.This study examines how community-based interventions, particularly those from Rebuilding Together Richmond (RT-R), address these gaps through home modifications and critical repairs. Methods: Using the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) Research Framework, demographic and service data from home modifications from a community-based organization, RT-R was analyzed. Descriptive statistics assessed the characteristics of homeowners served, the types of repairs performed, and their potential impact on AIP. Repairs were categorized as structural or occupational to evaluate their contributions to home safety and accessibility. Results: RT-R provided repairs for 33 homes, benefiting 47 individuals all of whom were Black or African American living in a ZIP code with high eviction rates. The majority (63.8%) were female, and 51% were older adults and/or had a disability. Structural repairs were more frequent than occupational modifications reflecting both homeowner needs, service availability, and community organizational goals. Conclusions: Housing stability is a critical yet overlooked factor in AIP. Integrating clinical AIP interventions with community-based solutions can more effectively address health disparities, reduce institutionalization risks, and improve long-term livability. Partnerships between healthcare practitioners and organizations like Rebuilding Together are essential to advancing equity in AIP. Access to housing is not accessible housing, and to remove barriers, practitioners and community-based organizations should expand their appreciation of obstacles to include historical, contemporary, economic, and environmental factors to work toward equity in aging in place for all. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holistic Approaches to Aging in Place: Health, Safety, and Community)

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22 pages, 2529 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Efficacy and Safety of Combined Treatment with Traditional Herbal Medicine and Western Medicine for Children with Pertussis-like Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by Ji-U Choi, Young-Shin Shim, Eun-Jin Kim and Sang Yeon Min

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1131; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101131 - 13 May 2025

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Pertussis-like syndrome (PLS) presents symptoms similar to whooping cough but without Bordetella pertussis detection. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of combined treatment herbal and Western medicine (HM and WM, respectively) for PLS. Methods: Eleven English, Chinese, Korean, and Japanese [...] Read more.

Background/Objectives: Pertussis-like syndrome (PLS) presents symptoms similar to whooping cough but without Bordetella pertussis detection. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of combined treatment herbal and Western medicine (HM and WM, respectively) for PLS. Methods: Eleven English, Chinese, Korean, and Japanese databases were searched until 1 December 2024. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that compared HM with WM versus WM alone in children with PLS were included. Independent searches and risk-of-bias analyses were conducted. Random-effects and fixed-effects models were utilized. Dichotomous outcomes are presented as the risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI), and continuous outcomes as either the standard mean difference (SMD) or mean difference (MD) with 95% CI. Results: A total of 23 RCTs (performed in China) with 1938 participants were included. The meta-analysis showed that HM with WM is more effective than WM in improving the total effective rate [n = 1888; RR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.16–1.24; p < 0.001], reducing the disappearance time of main symptoms (especially spastic cough) [n = 815; MD = −3.31; 95% CI: −3.51–−3.11; p < 0.001], shortening the recovery time of routine blood parameters to the normal range [n = 472; MD = −2.79; 95% CI: −3.06–−2.52; p < 0.001], and decreasing hospitalization duration [n = 703; MD = −2.61; 95% CI: −2.85–−2.38; p < 0.001]. Only mild adverse events were reported, with a lower occurrence rate in HM with WM cohorts than in WM cohorts. The quality of evidence ranged from moderate to very low. Conclusions: HM combined with WM is effective and safe for PLS in children, offering a potential alternative for symptom relief. Full article

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12 pages, 3186 KiB

Open AccessReview

A Comprehensive Literature Review on the Therapeutic Potential of Platelet-Rich Plasma for Diabetic Foot Management: Insights from a Case of a Neglected Deep Plantar Abscess

by Stefania-Mihaela Riza, Andrei-Ludovic Porosnicu and Ruxandra Diana Sinescu

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1130; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101130 - 13 May 2025

Abstract

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) remain a major complication of diabetes, characterized by impaired wound healing, high infection risk, and an increased likelihood of limb amputation. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a promising adjunctive therapy due to its regenerative properties, promoting [...] Read more.

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) remain a major complication of diabetes, characterized by impaired wound healing, high infection risk, and an increased likelihood of limb amputation. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a promising adjunctive therapy due to its regenerative properties, promoting angiogenesis, modulating inflammation, and accelerating tissue repair. Methods: This literature review explores the current evidence regarding the use of PRP in the management of DFUs. It was conducted using the PubMed database to evaluate the efficacy of PRP in DFUs. The search was restricted to studies published in the last 10 years, including randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews. The inclusion criteria focused on studies assessing PRP as a standalone treatment or in combination with other wound care strategies, evaluating key clinical outcomes such as wound healing rates, infection control, tissue regeneration, and amputation prevention. Results: A total of 35 studies met the inclusion criteria, including 11 meta-analyses, 15 review articles, and 9 clinical trials. PRP demonstrated potential benefits in accelerating wound healing, reducing inflammation, and promoting granulation tissue formation. Additionally, PRP combined with negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) showed superior outcomes in reducing amputation rates. However, findings varied based on patient characteristics, PRP preparation techniques, and treatment protocols. Conclusions: PRP represents a valuable adjunct in DFU management, contributing to improved healing outcomes and reduced complications. However, the lack of standardized protocols and variability in clinical results highlight the need for further large-scale, multicenter studies to establish its definitive role in diabetic wound care. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery)

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3 pages, 473 KiB

Open AccessCorrection

Correction: Kobata et al. Situational Factors Impacting Harmful Behavior Towards Others Related to Mental Health in the Community and Their Associations: A Scoping Review Based on Systematic Reviews. Healthcare 2025, 13, 152

by Issho Kobata, Yoshitomo Fukuura, Yuzaburo Kaba and Yukako Shigematsu

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1129; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101129 - 13 May 2025

Abstract

Due to clerical oversights during the manuscript preparation and editing process, there were some errors in the original publication [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Towards a Psychosociopolitical Approach to Mental Health: Individual and Societal Determinants of Mental Illness and Health in Adults)

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13 pages, 599 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Predictors of Postpartum Depression in Korean Women: A National Cross-Sectional Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic

by Myongsun Cho and Meen Hye Lee

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1128; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101128 - 12 May 2025

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Postpartum depression (PPD) affects maternal well-being and infant development, with the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbating mental health challenges for new mothers. This study examined the prevalence and predictors of PPD among Korean mothers in the early postpartum period. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study [...] Read more.

Background/Objectives: Postpartum depression (PPD) affects maternal well-being and infant development, with the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbating mental health challenges for new mothers. This study examined the prevalence and predictors of PPD among Korean mothers in the early postpartum period. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted in South Korea from 10 September 2021. A two-stage stratified cluster sampling method recruited 3127 mothers who gave birth between January and December 2020. Data collection included the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and assessments of sociodemographic, pregnancy-related, infant health, and paternal involvement factors. Results: The prevalence of PPD (EPDS score ≥ 13) was 26.5%. Risk factors included a history of depression during pregnancy (OR = 8.65, p < 0.001), multiparity (OR = 1.03, p = 0.012), and frequent infant medical treatments (OR = 1.04, p < 0.001). Protective factors included better maternal health (OR = 0.36, p < 0.001), longer postpartum care (OR = 0.99, p < 0.001), enhanced postpartum education (OR = 0.97, p < 0.001), positive infant health perception (OR = 0.44, p < 0.001), and greater paternal involvement (OR = 0.97, p < 0.001). Conclusions: PPD is influenced by multiple factors, including maternal health, infant well-being, and paternal support. Routine screening and tailored interventions are essential to improve maternal mental health. Policies promoting holistic postpartum care and paternal involvement should be prioritized, especially during global crises like COVID-19. Full article

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12 pages, 240 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Grip Strength as an Indicator of Health in Elderly Females

by Hyeok Park, Daeyeol Kim, Han-Seong Jeong and Sujeong Jang

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1127; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101127 - 12 May 2025

Abstract

This study aimed to determine whether hand grip strength (HGS) could estimate the physical function of older women with or without obesity or sarcopenia in South Jeolla Province, South Korea. Methods: A total of 541 elderly women aged 60–95 years (mean age: 79.87 [...] Read more.

This study aimed to determine whether hand grip strength (HGS) could estimate the physical function of older women with or without obesity or sarcopenia in South Jeolla Province, South Korea. Methods: A total of 541 elderly women aged 60–95 years (mean age: 79.87 ± 6.64) participated in the study. Physical function was assessed using HGS, 10 m walk test, figure-of-8 walk test, and 30-s chair stand test. Among the participants, 400 (76.8%) were classified as obese, and 137 (26.3%) had sarcopenia. Results: Results showed that HGS was significantly lower in the sarcopenic group (16.58 ± 2.86 kg) than in the normal group (24.31 ± 3.33 kg, p < 0.001). HGS was negatively correlated with body fat (r = −0.146, p = 0.001) and positively correlated with physical performance. Additionally, exercise habits were significantly associated with reduced obesity risk (OR = 0.592, p = 0.027). This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chonnam National University (IRB No. 1040198-220210-BR-009-03). The significance of hand grip strength was comparable to that of gait speed, walking capacity, coordination, and balance function. Conclusions: These findings suggest that grip strength can serve as a physical indicator of healthy condition and physical function with or without sarcopenia or obesity in older women. Full article

14 pages, 556 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparative Assessment of Quality of Life in Hip Fracture Patients Before and After Surgery: A Prospective Longitudinal Observational Study

by Bogdan Florin Căpăstraru, Codrina Mihaela Levai, Ovidiu Alexandru Mederle, Milan Daniel Velimirovici, Roxana Folescu, Hogea Bogdan, Radu Prejbeanu and Silviu Valentin Vlad

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1126; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101126 - 12 May 2025

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Hip fractures are a leading cause of morbidity in the elderly, often resulting in declining physical function, psychological distress, and diminished quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to evaluate changes in QoL among hip fracture patients preoperatively and postoperatively, comparing diverse [...] Read more.

Background and Objectives: Hip fractures are a leading cause of morbidity in the elderly, often resulting in declining physical function, psychological distress, and diminished quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to evaluate changes in QoL among hip fracture patients preoperatively and postoperatively, comparing diverse patient subgroups to identify factors influencing recovery. Methods: We conducted a prospective longitudinal observational study at Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, recruiting 77 adult patients admitted for surgical management of hip fractures between March 2023 and March 2025. Standardized questionnaires, including the Short Form-36 (SF-36), World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), were administered preoperatively and at 3 months postoperatively. Demographic, clinical, and surgical variables were also recorded. Results: Participants’ mean age was 72.6 years (SD 8.1), with 57.1% female. Postoperative QoL scores (SF-36 Physical Function domain mean 52.7 ± 9.2) improved significantly compared to preoperative scores (44.8 ± 8.7, p = 0.012). WHOQOL-BREF physical and psychological domain scores similarly increased (p < 0.05). Anxiety and depression symptoms, as measured by HADS and GAD-7, decreased markedly postoperatively in most subgroups. Subgroup analyses revealed that patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty demonstrated more pronounced QoL improvements than those receiving partial hip replacement. Older patients (≥80 years) exhibited improvements but at a slower rate. Conclusions: Quality of life indicators show notable improvement following surgical treatment of hip fractures, underscoring the significance of timely orthopedic intervention and comprehensive perioperative care. Anxiety and depression levels also declined, highlighting the benefits of a structured follow-up. These findings may guide clinicians toward optimizing patient-centered recovery protocols and targeted interventions, particularly for older adults or those with high baseline anxiety and depression levels. Full article

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12 pages, 243 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Social and Demographic Determinants of Health: A Descriptive Study on the Impact of Place of Residence and Community Belonging

by Roser Pedret-Llaberia, Teresa Basora-Gallisà, Sara Martínez-Torres, Sergi Rodríguez-Soler, Meritxell Pallejà-Millán, Agata Buscemi, Cristina Rey-Reñones and Francisco M. Martín-Luján

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1125; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101125 - 12 May 2025

Abstract

Background: Social conditions in which individuals live, work, and interact have a significant impact on health. Extensive evidence suggests that place of residence influences health disparities and overall well-being. Understanding the characteristics of a population can help shape healthcare policies that contribute to [...] Read more.

Background: Social conditions in which individuals live, work, and interact have a significant impact on health. Extensive evidence suggests that place of residence influences health disparities and overall well-being. Understanding the characteristics of a population can help shape healthcare policies that contribute to improved public well-being. Objective: The aim of this research was to describe the main characteristics of the population under study, considering place of residence and other sociodemographic factors. Methods: This is a descriptive study. A tailored 79-item questionnaire was developed based on validated instruments, including variables related to sociodemographic, physical activity, rest and sleep patterns, emotional well-being, and sense of community belonging. The sample was obtained through an open invitation to the general population, ensuring representativeness in terms of sex, age, and nationality. Data were analysed using standard statistical methods for this type of study. Results: A total of 487 different response profiles were collected, representing 3.7% of the total population. Not all participants answered every question. Overall, 33.6% of respondents reported having a chronic disease, with the highest prevalence among individuals over 65 years old. Notably, those who live alone are not necessarily the ones who report feeling the loneliest. The findings highlight the need for new social and healthcare policies at the institutional level. Conclusions: No statistically significant differences were found based on place of residence, except for those related to physical activity and sense of community belonging. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Healthcare Quality)

21 pages, 323 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Quality of Life and Coping Strategies of Palestinian Women with Breast Cancer in the West Bank: A Cross-Sectional Study

by Ibtisam Titi and Nuha El Sharif

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1124; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101124 - 12 May 2025

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer among Palestinian women and significantly affects their quality of life (QoL). Coping strategies are pivotal in shaping QoL outcomes; however, research examining coping strategies and QoL in the Palestinian context remains scarce. This study [...] Read more.

Background/Objectives: Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer among Palestinian women and significantly affects their quality of life (QoL). Coping strategies are pivotal in shaping QoL outcomes; however, research examining coping strategies and QoL in the Palestinian context remains scarce. This study aims to evaluate coping strategies among newly diagnosed BC patients and their impact on QoL in the southern West Bank. Methods: A cross-sectional study recruited 147 newly diagnosed BC patients undergoing treatment in governmental hospitals in the Hebron and Bethlehem governorates. Data were collected via face-to-face questionnaires, which included the EORTC QLQ-C30, the Cancer Coping Questionnaire (CCQ), sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and social support. Results: Participants exhibited moderate QoL scores, with physical functioning scoring highest (67) and emotional functioning lowest (49). Fatigue, insomnia, and pain were the most common symptoms. Coping strategies were moderately utilized, and global QoL was significantly associated with these strategies. Hierarchical regression showed education had a small positive effect on global QoL (R² = 0.052, p = 0.005), while family support was a moderate predictor (R² = 0.080, p = 0.041). The CCQ coping score negatively impacted global QoL (R² = 0.186, p < 0.001), whereas CCQ positive focus (R² = 0.342, p < 0.001) and diversion techniques (R² = 0.406, p < 0.001) had substantial positive effects. Conclusions: Positive coping strategies, education, and family support play a vital role in enhancing QoL for newly diagnosed BC patients. Coping-focused interventions should be integrated into oncology care in Palestine to improve patient outcomes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Healthcare and Quality of Life of Chronically Ill Patients)

15 pages, 1561 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Lifestyle, Age, and Heart Disease Evidence from European Datasets

by Samuel Engst, Kristoffer Fangrat, Håkan Lane and Mauro Lombardo

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1123; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101123 - 12 May 2025

Abstract

Background: This study examined the interplay between age, exercise, BMI, and cardiovascular health, addressing the growing global health concern of obesity and its link to heart disease. Methods: This research utilized data from an Italian dietary survey and the Dutch Longitudinal Internet Studies [...] Read more.

Background: This study examined the interplay between age, exercise, BMI, and cardiovascular health, addressing the growing global health concern of obesity and its link to heart disease. Methods: This research utilized data from an Italian dietary survey and the Dutch Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social Sciences (LISS) panel. Statistical analyses included an ANOVA, linear regression, Mann–Whitney tests, regression with interaction terms, and stratified logistic regression to analyze the impact of age and exercise on BMI and cardiovascular risk. Results: This study revealed that BMI increased with age while exercise participation declined, particularly among women. Exercise consistently lowered BMI across all age groups, with no significant interaction between age and exercise. Additionally, age-related increases in cardiovascular risk factors were confirmed, with a higher susceptibility to heart disease in older age. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of maintaining physical activity to mitigate the risks of obesity and cardiovascular disease. The observed age-specific trends support the development of tailored prevention programs to promote healthier lifestyles across all age groups. Full article

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16 pages, 240 KiB

Open AccessArticle

University Students’ Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Substance Abuse: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia

by Fahad S. Alshehri, Ahmed M. Ashour, Hanouf S. Bafhaid, Alanood S. Algarni, Maan H. Harbi and Nasser M. Alorfi

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1122; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101122 - 12 May 2025

Abstract

Background: Substance abuse is a major public health issue, particularly among university students. Understanding students’ knowledge and attitudes toward substance abuse is important for designing educational and preventive strategies, helping early intervention efforts, supporting mental health services, and ensuring culturally suitable programming. Objective: [...] Read more.

Background: Substance abuse is a major public health issue, particularly among university students. Understanding students’ knowledge and attitudes toward substance abuse is important for designing educational and preventive strategies, helping early intervention efforts, supporting mental health services, and ensuring culturally suitable programming. Objective: This study aimed to assess university students’ knowledge and attitudes regarding substance abuse and to identify demographic and educational factors associated with these variables. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 745 university students from various academic disciplines. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire assessing knowledge and attitudes related to substance abuse. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation, and regression tests. Results: The sample included 50.5% males and 49.5% females, with the majority aged 18–21 years (58.0%). Most participants had heard of substance abuse (91.7%) and recognized its association with chronic disease (97.3%). Knowledge scores varied significantly on the basis of academic background and prior exposure to awareness programs. Attitudes toward substance abuse were mixed, with a notable proportion of students perceiving potential benefits in certain contexts. A weak, non-significant correlation was found between knowledge and attitudes (r = 0.068, p = 0.064). Conclusion: Although students showed generally good knowledge about substance abuse, variations in understanding and attitudes were obvious across demographic and educational subgroups. These findings emphasize the need for targeted, context-specific educational interventions to address misconceptions and improve preventive awareness. Future research should evaluate the long-term impact of such interventions on students’ attitudes and behaviors. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic New Advances in Addiction Behavior)

6 pages, 167 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Advancements and Impacts of Assistive Technologies, Robotics, and Automated Machines in Healthcare: Insights from an Editorial Initiative of Exploration

by Daniele Giansanti

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1121; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101121 - 12 May 2025

Abstract

Assistive technologies, robotics, and automated machines are revolutionizing the healthcare sector, offering groundbreaking solutions that enhance patient outcomes and improve operational efficiency [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assistive Technologies, Robotics, and Automated Machines in the Health Domain: Second Edition)

19 pages, 948 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Romanian Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

by Roxana-Denisa Capraș, Teodora Telecan, Răzvan Crețeanu, Carmen-Bianca Crivii, Alexandru-Florin Badea, Ariana-Anamaria Cordoș, Diana Roman-Pepine and Carmen-Maria Micu

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1120; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101120 - 12 May 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Sexual and reproductive health is a critical aspect of medical education, yet significant knowledge gaps persist even among future healthcare professionals. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes of Romanian medical students regarding sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and contraceptive [...] Read more.

Introduction: Sexual and reproductive health is a critical aspect of medical education, yet significant knowledge gaps persist even among future healthcare professionals. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes of Romanian medical students regarding sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and contraceptive practices. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 510 undergraduate medical students, using a validated 30-item online questionnaire assessing socio-demographic data, sexual behaviors, STI knowledge, and attitudes towards sexual health. Descriptive statistics, chi-square, and Spearman correlation tests were used to analyze the data. Results: Participants demonstrated a good understanding of common STI pathogens and transmission routes, with 99.02% identifying unprotected vaginal intercourse as a risk factor. However, only 58.82% correctly identified Chlamydia trachomatis, and awareness of less common pathogens remained low. Long-term complications such as infertility (85.29%) and cervical cancer (87.25%) were well recognized, although misconceptions about STI severity persisted, with over 40% believing that STIs are not dangerous because they are treatable. Male students reported earlier sexual debut and more frequent high-risk behaviors, while females were more likely to consult specialist doctors and receive HPV vaccination. The level of knowledge correlated positively with parental education and faculty program. Conclusions: Despite generally high awareness of STI-related topics, considerable gaps and misconceptions persist among Romanian medical students. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive, structured sexual health education integrated into medical curricula to ensure future healthcare providers are well-equipped to promote public health. Full article

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19 pages, 1452 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Effects of Prehabilitation Concurrent Exercise on Functional Capacity in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by Sergio Maroto-Izquierdo, Iker J. Bautista, Adriana Pérez-Guerrero, Paula Redondo-Delgado, Irati Jauregui-Fajardo, Vicente Simó and César Aldecoa

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1119; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101119 - 12 May 2025

Abstract

Purpose: Our aim was to examine the efficacy of concurrent exercise (i.e., aerobic and strength exercise) during prehabilitation programs on functional capacity in comparison with standard cancer care strategies in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients scheduled for surgery. Methods: A systematic review [...] Read more.

Purpose: Our aim was to examine the efficacy of concurrent exercise (i.e., aerobic and strength exercise) during prehabilitation programs on functional capacity in comparison with standard cancer care strategies in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients scheduled for surgery. Methods: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials was performed. A search of electronic databases [PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO Host] was conducted to identify all publications employing concurrent exercise in patients with CRC. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate the standardized change in mean difference (SMD) and 95%CI between exercise intervention and control groups for the 6 min walking test (6MWT) distance covered before and after prehabilitation. Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria (379 patients with CRC). Concurrent training during prehabilitation led to significant positive effects on the 6MWT (0.28 SMD [0.03–0.54], p = 0.037). Subgroup analyses showed a higher SMD (0.48 [0.00–0.98], p = 0.050) in younger (i.e., <70 years) CRC patients compared to their older counterparts (0.10 [0.08–0.11], p = 0.310). Meta-regression models between SMD of the 6MWT and body mass index, prehabilitation program duration, and baseline 6MWT distance covered did not show any significant relationship. Conclusions: This meta-analysis demonstrates the superiority of concurrent exercise prehabilitation in improving functional capacity related to cardiometabolic changes and lowering postoperative risk in patients with CRC. Full article

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22 pages, 284 KiB

Open AccessArticle

“Divergent Needs and the Empathy Gap”: Exploring the Experience of Workplace Violence Against Nurses Employed in the Emergency Department

by Christina Koutsofta, Maria Dimitriadou and Maria Karanikola

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1118; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101118 - 11 May 2025

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Violence in healthcare settings, especially in emergency departments (ED), remains an important public health issue worldwide. Thus, additional insight into the effect of these incidents into nurses’ professional attitudes, their work life and related implications to patient safety issues may be valuable. [...] Read more.

Background/Objectives: Violence in healthcare settings, especially in emergency departments (ED), remains an important public health issue worldwide. Thus, additional insight into the effect of these incidents into nurses’ professional attitudes, their work life and related implications to patient safety issues may be valuable. We investigated ED nurses’ living experience of exposure to workplace violence by healthcare service users, with focus on the impact on them. Methods: Following a qualitative study design, data were collected (January–June 2024) through semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions and were analyzed according to an inductive, content analysis approach. Participants provided informed consent, and data collection continued until theoretical saturation was reached. Results: The sample included six nurses. Various forms of workplace violence and its psychological, social, and professional consequences were identified. Violence was more frequently perpetrated by patients’ relatives, with verbal aggression being the most common form. A fundamental divergence in needs and expectation between patients and their family members/caregivers, on one side, and participants, on the other, revealed a pronounced empathy gap. Each group remained focused on its own priorities while struggling to recognize or accommodate others’ perspectives. This lack of mutual understanding contributed to tension that, in some cases, escalated even into physically violent incidents against the participants. A similar gap was identified between the participants’ needs and administrators’ attitudes and related policies. The failure of administrative measures to bridge this gap was described as a crucial factor in further escalating conflicts and tension in the ED. Conclusions: Further research on quality improvement projects, including all stakeholders, aiming to enhance empathy in all parties involved is proposed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Enhancing Patient Safety in Critical Care Settings)

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