Self-Reported Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity: Its Association with Health-Related Quality of Life in a Large Cohort of People with Chronic Diseases
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Participants and Procedure
2.2. Chronic Diseases
2.3. Physical Activity
2.4. Health-Related Quality of Life
2.5. Potential Confounding Variables
2.6. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
Physical Activity and Health-Related Quality of Life
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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MVPA (min/week) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | All Participants (n = 29,271) | Inactive (n = 16,569) | Insufficiently Active (n = 6414) | Sufficiently Active (n = 4703) | Very Active (n = 1585) | p Value * |
N (%) | % | % | % | % | ||
Age (years) | <0.001 | |||||
16–24 | 1014 (3.5) | 2.0 | 4.0 | 5.1 | 12.0 | |
25–34 | 1180 (4.0) | 2.6 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 9.5 | |
35–44 | 2053 (7.0) | 5.3 | 7.8 | 9.8 | 13.2 | |
45–54 | 3815 (13.0) | 11.2 | 13.6 | 16.4 | 20.3 | |
55–64 | 6346 (21.7) | 20.1 | 23.2 | 25.3 | 21.5 | |
≥65 | 14,863 (50.8) | 58.8 | 46.0 | 38.2 | 23.6 | |
Gender | <0.001 | |||||
Male | 13,956 (47.7) | 45.6 | 43.3 | 54.6 | 66.5 | |
Female | 15,315 (52.3) | 54.4 | 56.7 | 45.4 | 33.5 | |
Body mass index | <0.001 | |||||
Underweight (<18.5) | 428 (1.6) | 2.0 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
Normal (18.5–<25) | 8149 (30.0) | 28.5 | 30.4 | 32.5 | 36.3 | |
Overweight (25–<30) | 10,387 (38.2) | 36.0 | 40.9 | 41.0 | 42.1 | |
Obese (≥30) | 8193 (30.2) | 33.4 | 27.9 | 25.4 | 20.5 | |
Smoking status | <0.001 | |||||
Never smoked | 12,758 (44.3) | 41.7 | 48.1 | 46.1 | 50.2 | |
Ex-smoker | 11,223 (38.9) | 40.5 | 37.2 | 37.4 | 34.5 | |
Current smoker | 4842 (16.8) | 17.9 | 14.7 | 16.5 | 15.3 | |
Highest level of qualification | <0.001 | |||||
Degree or above | 3173 (11.9) | 8.7 | 16.4 | 14.4 | 18.5 | |
Other qualification | 15,010 (56.5) | 51.1 | 62.0 | 63.6 | 66.6 | |
No qualification | 8389 (31.6) | 40.3 | 21.6 | 22.0 | 14.9 | |
Employment status | <0.001 | |||||
Currently employed | 8457 (30.5) | 20.3 | 36.2 | 46.4 | 61.9 | |
Not employed | 19,289 (69.5) | 79.7 | 63.8 | 53.6 | 38.1 | |
Prevalent mental illness | <0.001 | |||||
No | 22,599 (83.8) | 79.2 | 88.3 | 90.4 | 91.7 | |
Yes | 4377 (16.2) | 20.8 | 11.7 | 9.6 | 8.3 | |
Prevalent musculoskeletal problems | 0.004 | |||||
No | 16,912 (61.3) | 61.3 | 59.6 | 62.4 | 63.6 | |
Yes | 10,695 (38.7) | 38.7 | 40.4 | 37.6 | 36.4 | |
Cardiovascular disease | <0.001 | |||||
No | 9512 (32.5) | 27.4% | 35.8% | 39.5% | 51.7% | |
Yes | 19,759 (67.5) | 72.6% | 64.2% | 60.5% | 48.3% | |
Cancer | <0.001 | |||||
No | 22,506 (83.5) | 82.1% | 84.8% | 85.7% | 86.5% | |
Yes | 4437 (16.5) | 17.9% | 15.2% | 14.3% | 13.5% | |
COPD | <0.001 | |||||
No | 19,164 (65.5) | 65.3% | 67.8% | 66.0% | 56.7% | |
Yes | 10,107 (34.5) | 34.7% | 32.2% | 34.0% | 43.3% | |
Diabetes | <0.001 | |||||
No | 23,316 (80.3) | 77.4% | 83.1% | 84.4% | 87.3% | |
Yes | 5709 (19.7) | 22.6% | 16.9% | 15.6% | 12.7% |
Model 1 a | Model 2 a | |
---|---|---|
Coefficient (95% CI) | Coefficient (95% CI) | |
HRQoL b | ||
Inactive | Referent | Referent |
Insufficiently active | 17.22 (16.56–17.88) | 9.83 (9.15–10.51) |
Sufficiently active | 21.28 (20.54–22.02) | 11.70 (10.91–12.49) |
Very active | 23.99 (22.82–25.16) | 12.54 (11.39–13.70) |
Trend p value | <0.001 | <0.001 |
SF-36 domains | ||
Physical functioning b | ||
Inactive | Referent | Referent |
Insufficiently active | 25.84 (24.96–26.71) | 16.05 (15.09–17.01) |
Sufficiently active | 30.82 (29.84–31.81) | 17.51 (16.39–18.62) |
Very active | 32.71 (31.12–34.29) | 16.86 (15.21–18.50) |
Trend p value | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Role-physical b | ||
Inactive | Referent | Referent |
Insufficiently active | 24.57 (23.61–25.54) | 15.15 (14.08–16.22) |
Sufficiently active | 30.33 (29.24–31.42) | 17.57 (16.32–18.82) |
Very active | 32.45 (30.71–34.18) | 17.04 (15.21–18.86) |
Trend p value | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Role-emotional b | ||
Inactive | Referent | Referent |
Insufficiently active | 15.02 (14.11–15.93) | 5.34 (4.42–6.26) |
Sufficiently active | 18.22 (17.20–19.24) | 5.89 (4.82–6.97) |
Very active | 19.83 (18.20–21.46) | 5.59 (4.01–7.16) |
Trend p value | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Vitality b | ||
Inactive | Referent | Referent |
Insufficiently active | 14.08 (13.43–14.72) | 8.84 (8.10–9.58) |
Sufficiently active | 18.62 (17.89–19.35) | 11.76 (10.90–12.62) |
Very active | 22.81 (21.64–23.99) | 14.42 (13.15–15.69) |
Trend p value | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Mental health b | ||
Inactive | Referent | Referent |
Insufficiently active | 9.10 (8.50–9.69) | 3.50 (2.87–4.13) |
Sufficiently active | 11.10 (10.43–11.77) | 4.36 (3.62–5.10) |
Very active | 13.73 (12.65–14.81) | 5.49 (4.41–6.57) |
Trend p value | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Social functioning b | ||
Inactive | Referent | Referent |
Insufficiently active | 21.51 (20.63–22.38) | 11.70 (10.74–12.65) |
Sufficiently active | 25.79 (24.80–26.78) | 13.08 (11.96–14.20) |
Very active | 28.53 (26.94–30.12) | 13.56 (11.91–15.20) |
Trend p value | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Bodily pain b | ||
Inactive | Referent | Referent |
Insufficiently active | 15.95 (15.14–16.77) | 9.48 (8.56–10.39) |
Sufficiently active | 19.68 (18.76–20.60) | 10.87 (9.80–11.93) |
Very active | 22.51 (21.03–23.99) | 11.40 (9.82–12.97) |
Trend p value | <0.001 | <0.001 |
General health b | ||
Inactive | Referent | Referent |
Insufficiently active | 14.54 (14.86–16.23) | 9.70 (8.92–10.47) |
Sufficiently active | 20.56 (19.78–21.33) | 13.13 (12.22–14.03) |
Very active | 25.45 (24.21–26.69) | 16.29 (14.96–17.62) |
Trend p value | <0.001 | <0.001 |
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Alzahrani, H.; Alotaibi, N.; Alshahrani, A.; Alkhathami, K.M.; Alshehri, Y.S.; Alzhrani, M.; Alshehri, F.H.; Almeheyawi, R.; Aljulaymi, I.S.; Alsufiany, M.; et al. Self-Reported Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity: Its Association with Health-Related Quality of Life in a Large Cohort of People with Chronic Diseases. Healthcare 2023, 11, 3057. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11233057
Alzahrani H, Alotaibi N, Alshahrani A, Alkhathami KM, Alshehri YS, Alzhrani M, Alshehri FH, Almeheyawi R, Aljulaymi IS, Alsufiany M, et al. Self-Reported Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity: Its Association with Health-Related Quality of Life in a Large Cohort of People with Chronic Diseases. Healthcare. 2023; 11(23):3057. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11233057
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlzahrani, Hosam, Najlaa Alotaibi, Adel Alshahrani, Khalid M. Alkhathami, Yasir S. Alshehri, Msaad Alzhrani, Fahad H. Alshehri, Rania Almeheyawi, Ibrahim Saeed Aljulaymi, Muhsen Alsufiany, and et al. 2023. "Self-Reported Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity: Its Association with Health-Related Quality of Life in a Large Cohort of People with Chronic Diseases" Healthcare 11, no. 23: 3057. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11233057