Development of Valid and Reliable Questionnaire to Evaluate Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) of Lifestyle Medicine Domains
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Participants
2.2. Development Process of the Questionnaire
2.3. Validity
2.4. Face Validity
- Time to complete: this was calculated based on the score provided by the experts as per the appropriateness of time needed for filling out the questionnaire. The scoring was performed on a 0–10 scale, with 0 indicating “unacceptably long” and 10 “completely appropriate”.
- Completeness of content: to assess this parameter, the experts responded by “Yes” or “No” whether they think that the questionnaire covered the most important aspects of KAP related to LM. The expert was asked to provide any complementary aspects to be added in case he/she answered by “No”.
- Comprehensibility: regarding this parameter, the expert answered by “Yes” or “No” to whether the questions were sufficiently comprehensible. In case the chosen answer was no, the expert specified what item and why so that necessary modifications could be performed to improve the comprehensibility of the questionnaire.
2.5. Content Validity
2.6. Item Response Theory
2.7. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)
2.8. Reliability
3. Results
3.1. Face Validity and Content Validity
3.2. Knowledge Section
3.3. Domain 5 on Alcohol in the Three Sections of the KAP
3.4. Attitude Section
3.5. Item Response Theory
3.6. Reliability
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Domain | No. of Items | Measurements | Response Options |
---|---|---|---|
General information | Socio-demographic, level of education, years of experience | Close-ended Multiple choice | |
Knowledge | 37 | Knowledge related to the 9 domains of lifestyle medicine | Yes/No 1 = correct answer 0 = Wrong answer |
Attitude | 45 | Attitude towards including the 9 domains of lifestyle medicine | 1 = strongly disagree, 2 = disagree, 3 = neutral, 4 = agree, 5 = strongly agree |
Practice | 28 | Practices related to the 9 domains of lifestyle medicine | 1 = never, 2 = rarely, 3 = sometimes, 4 = often, 5 = always Or 1 = No confidence, 2 = Low confidence, 3 = Neutral, 4 = Fair confidence and 5 = High confidence. |
a | b | χ2 | df | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
K1 | 0.22 | −1.85 | 4.816 | 10 | 0.903 |
K2 | 0.26 | 0.61 | 12.649 | 11 | 0.317 |
K3 | 1.03 | 1.72 | 8.717 | 5 | 0.121 |
K5 | 0.74 | −2.08 | 13.539 | 6 | 0.035 * |
K6 | 0.65 | −1.14 | 8.282 | 10 | 0.601 |
K7 | 0.40 | −2.89 | 5.317 | 7 | 0.621 |
K8 | 1.29 | −1.93 | 0.734 | 3 | 0.865 |
K9 | 1.06 | −0.12 | 9.921 | 10 | 0.447 |
K10 | 0.74 | −0.05 | 10.577 | 10 | 0.391 |
K11 | 0.70 | 0.85 | 10.032 | 9 | 0.348 |
K12 | 0.96 | −0.59 | 8.880 | 9 | 0.448 |
K14 | 0.35 | −1.99 | 7.413 | 10 | 0.686 |
K15 | 1.82 | 0.55 | 6.245 | 6 | 0.396 |
K16 | 5.02 | −0.98 | 0.059 | 1 | 0.808 |
K17 | 2.43 | −0.62 | 1.067 | 5 | 0.957 |
K18 | 2.14 | −1.00 | 5.376 | 4 | 0.251 |
K19 | 0.66 | 1.34 | 10.996 | 8 | 0.202 |
K20 | 1.29 | 0.34 | 5.305 | 7 | 0.623 |
K22 | 1.65 | 0.23 | 8.181 | 6 | 0.225 |
K26 | 4.02 | −0.84 | 1.549 | 2 | 0.461 |
K27 | 0.47 | −0.49 | 10.602 | 10 | 0.389 |
K28 | 1.66 | 0.12 | 8.511 | 6 | 0.203 |
K29 | 1.88 | −0.04 | 5.468 | 6 | 0.485 |
K34 | 1.11 | −0.25 | 7.900 | 9 | 0.544 |
K35 | 0.46 | 0.21 | 4.057 | 10 | 0.945 |
K36 | 0.53 | −0.31 | 7.607 | 10 | 0.667 |
K37 | 1.37 | −1.43 | 3.662 | 5 | 0.599 |
Items | Loadings | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Factor1 | Factor2 | Factor3 | Factor4 | Factor5 | Factor6 | |
A1.1. Weight management | 0.838 | |||||
A1.2. Nutrition | 0.833 | |||||
A1.3. Physical activity | 0.880 | |||||
A1.4. Smoking cessation | 0.860 | |||||
A1.5. Alcohol control | 0.823 | |||||
A1.6. Sleep Health | 0.851 | |||||
A1.7. Emotional Wellness | 0.824 | |||||
A1.8. Mindfulness | 0.791 | |||||
A1.9. Health and Wellness Coaching | 0.775 | |||||
A2.1. Weight management | 0.883 | |||||
A2.2. Nutrition | 0.827 | |||||
A2.3. Physical activity | 0.869 | |||||
A2.4. Smoking cessation | 0.845 | |||||
A2.5. Alcohol control | 0.777 | |||||
A2.6. Sleep Health | 0.728 | |||||
A2.7. Emotional Wellness | 0.610 | |||||
A2.8. Mindfulness | 0.580 | |||||
A2.9. Health and Wellness Coaching | 0.576 | |||||
A3.1. Weight management | 0.824 | |||||
A3.2. Nutrition | 0.848 | |||||
A3.3. Physical activity | 0.875 | |||||
A3.4. Smoking cessation | 0.792 | |||||
A3.5. Alcohol control | 0.812 | |||||
A3.6. Sleep Health | 0.886 | |||||
A3.7. Emotional Wellness | 0.819 | |||||
A3.8. Mindfulness | 0.855 | |||||
A3.9. Health and Wellness Coaching | 0.882 | |||||
A4.1. Weight management | 0.799 | |||||
A4.2. Nutrition | 0.840 | |||||
A4.3. Physical activity | 0.878 | |||||
A4.4. Smoking cessation | 0.878 | |||||
A4.5. Alcohol control | 0.884 | |||||
A4.6. Sleep Health | 0.784 | |||||
A4.7. Emotional Wellness | 0.632 | |||||
A4.8. Mindfulness | 0.648 | |||||
A4.9. Health and Wellness Coaching | 0.643 | |||||
A5.1. Weight management | 0.785 | |||||
A5.2. Nutrition | 0.798 | |||||
A5.3. Physical activity | 0.868 | |||||
A5.4. Smoking cessation | 0.876 | |||||
A5.5. Alcohol control | 0.870 | |||||
A5.6. Sleep Health | 0.836 | |||||
A5.7. Emotional Wellness | 0.764 | |||||
A5.8. Mindfulness | 0.558 | |||||
A5.9. Health and Wellness Coaching | 0.597 |
Items | Loadings | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Factor1 | Factor2 | Factor3 | Factor4 | |
P3.1. General lifestyle | 0.716 | |||
P3.2. Weight management | 0.844 | |||
P3.3. Healthy food | 0.779 | |||
P3.4. Physical activity | 0.825 | |||
P3.5. Smoking cessation | 0.625 | |||
P3.6. Alcohol control | 0.722 | |||
P3.7. Sleep Health | 0.558 | |||
P3.8. Emotional Wellness | 0.645 | |||
P3.9. Mindfulness | 0.848 | |||
P3.10. Health and Wellness Coaching | 0.768 | |||
P4.1. Weight management | 0.743 | |||
P4.2. Healthy food | 0.845 | |||
P4.3. Physical activity | 0.790 | |||
P4.4. Smoking cessation | 0.545 | |||
P4.5. Alcohol control | 0.721 | |||
P4.6. Sleep Health | 0.727 | |||
P4.7. Emotional Wellness | 0.627 | |||
P4.8. Mindfulness | 0.734 | |||
P4.9. Health and Wellness Coaching | 0.749 | |||
P5.1. Coach/discuss how to change lifestyle | 0.689 | |||
P5.2. Prescribe exercise | 0.661 | |||
P5.3. Advise patients to “manage their weight” | 0.768 | |||
P5.4. Advise appropriate diet | 0.726 | |||
P5.5. Discuss stress management | 0.615 | |||
P5.6. Provide lifestyle educational materials | 0.535 | |||
P5.7. Refer to specialist for further lifestyle interventions | 0.410 | |||
P5.8. Refer to support groups | 0.649 |
Cronbach’s Alpha | No. of Items | ||
---|---|---|---|
Knowledge | 0.88 | 27 | |
Attitude | Overall attitude | 0.91 | 45 |
Factor1 | 0.95 | 9 | |
Factor2 | 0.96 | 9 | |
Factor3 | 0.95 | 7 | |
Factor4 | 0.94 | 6 | |
Factor5 | 0.88 | 5 | |
Factor6 | 0.96 | 9 | |
Practice | Overall practice | 0.95 | 27 |
Factor1 | 0.94 | 9 | |
Factor2 | 0.92 | 9 | |
Factor3 | 0.90 | 5 | |
Factor4 | 0.82 | 4 |
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Alzaben, A.S.; Almansour, M.; Alzahrani, H.S.; Alrumaihi, N.A.; Alhamedi, N.M.; Albuhayjan, N.A.; Aljammaz, S.A. Development of Valid and Reliable Questionnaire to Evaluate Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) of Lifestyle Medicine Domains. Healthcare 2024, 12, 1652. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12161652
Alzaben AS, Almansour M, Alzahrani HS, Alrumaihi NA, Alhamedi NM, Albuhayjan NA, Aljammaz SA. Development of Valid and Reliable Questionnaire to Evaluate Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) of Lifestyle Medicine Domains. Healthcare. 2024; 12(16):1652. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12161652
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlzaben, Abeer Salman, Mohammed Almansour, Hayat Saleh Alzahrani, Nouf Adnan Alrumaihi, Nesrain Mubarak Alhamedi, Nawaf Abdulaziz Albuhayjan, and Sadeem Abdulaziz Aljammaz. 2024. "Development of Valid and Reliable Questionnaire to Evaluate Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) of Lifestyle Medicine Domains" Healthcare 12, no. 16: 1652. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12161652