Associations of Treatment Outcome Expectations and Pain Sensitivity after Cervical Spine Manipulation in Patients with Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain: A Cohort Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Participants
2.3. Procedures
2.4. Interventions
2.5. Outcomes
2.6. Blinding
2.7. Sample Size
2.8. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
Limitations and Future Research
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Median or No (Percentage) | Range | 25–75% IQR |
---|---|---|---|
Sex | |||
Women | 35 (62.5%) | ||
Men | 21 (37.5%) | ||
Previous experience in cervical manipulation | |||
Yes | 13 | ||
No | 43 (76.7%) | ||
Age (years) | 31.5 | 19–55 | 24–44.75 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.9 | 16–34.8 | 21.4–27.5 |
Pain intensity (0–10) | 2.5 | 1–7.5 | 1.5–4.9 |
NDI | 10.5 | 2–28 | 7–14 |
ETS | 13.5 | 7–20 | 11.25–15 |
High treatment expectations | 35 (62.5%) | ||
Low treatment expectations | 21 (37.5%) |
Pre-Intervention PPT a | Post-Intervention PPT a | p-Value b | |
---|---|---|---|
C4–C5 (right) | 3.33 (2.35–4.73) | 3.96 (2.85–5.64) | <0.001 |
Range | 1.30–7.43 | 1.53–9.76 | |
C4–C5 (left) | 3.25 (2.33–4.88) | 3.65 (2.74–5.75) | <0.001 |
Range | 1.30–7.86 | 1.56–9.36 | |
Biceps brachii (right) | 4.10 (2.68–5.65) | 4.75 (3.30–6.22) | <0.001 |
Range | 1.46–10.60 | 1.60–12.40 | |
Biceps brachii (left) | 4.03 (2.80–5.76) | 4.65 (3.11–6.55) | <0.001 |
Range | 1.26–11.23 | 1.40–12.56 | |
Tibialis anterior (right) Range | 9.01 (5.66–14.43) 3.76–21.86 | 11.73 (7.00–16.99) 4.13–22.46 | <0.001 |
Tibialis anterior (left) Range | 8.96 (5.44–14.06) 3.43–24.46 | 11.31 (6.75–17.03) 3.83–25.26 | <0.001 |
ETS | NDI | Age | Symptom Duration | Pain Intensity | BMI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C4–C5 (right) | r = 0.94, p = 0.49 | r = −0.13, p = 0.31 | r = 0.24, p = 0.07 | r = 0.01, p = 0.09 | r = −0.28, p = 0.03 | r = −0.03, p = 0.31 |
C4–C5 (left) | r = −0.10, p = 0.94 | r = −0.22, p = 0.09 | r = 0.62, p = 0.65 | r = 0.26, p = 0.04 | r = −0.24, p = 0.07 | r = −0.32, p = 0.16 |
Biceps brachii (right) | r = 0.06, p = 0.65 | r = −0.002, p = 0.98 | r = 90, p = 0.98 | r = 0.30, p = 0.02 | r = −0.11, p = 0.39 | r = 0.01, p = 0.46 |
Biceps brachii (left) | r = −0.09, p = 0.94 | r = −0.09, p = 0.49 | r = −0.13, p = 0.34 | r = 0.37, p = 0.004 | r = −0.17, p = 0.19 | r = 0.01, p = 0.98 |
Tibialis anterior (right) | r = 0.10, p = 0.43 | r = −0.16, p = 0.22 | r = −0.11, p = 0.42 | r = 0.28, p = 0.03 | r = −0.15, p = 0.24 | r = −0.07, p = 0.57 |
Tibialis anterior (left) | r = 0.29, p = 0.02 | r = −0.06, p = 0.61 | r = −0.16, p = 0.22 | r = 0.24, p = 0.06 | r = −0.15, p = 0.26 | r = −0.01, p = 0.98 |
Patients with High Treatment Expectations | Patients with Low Treatment Expectations | Mann–Whitney U b | p-Value b | |
---|---|---|---|---|
PPT Pre–Post a | PPT Pre–Post a | |||
C4–C5 (right) | 0.43 (0.26, 1.03) | 0.60 (0.08, 1.26) | 359.500 | 0.89 |
C4–C5 (left) | 0.53 (1.33, 0.90) | 0.70 (0.36, 1.85) | 277.000 | 0.12 |
Biceps brachii (right) | 0.43 (0.00, 1.23) | 0.90 (−0.10, 1.46) | 317.000 | 0.39 |
Biceps brachii (left) | 0.53 (−0.13, 0.70) | 0.83 (−0.03, 1.35) | 297.500 | 0.23 |
Tibialis anterior (right) | 1.30 (0.80, 2.90) | 1.56 (0.63, 3.51) | 349.500 | 0.76 |
Tibialis anterior (left) | 1.70 (0.80, 2.46) | 0.70 (−0.08, 2.95) | 300.000 | 0.25 |
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Paleta, D.; Karanasios, S.; Diamantopoulos, N.; Martzoukos, N.; Zampetakis, N.; Moutzouri, M.; Gioftsos, G. Associations of Treatment Outcome Expectations and Pain Sensitivity after Cervical Spine Manipulation in Patients with Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain: A Cohort Study. Healthcare 2024, 12, 1702. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12171702
Paleta D, Karanasios S, Diamantopoulos N, Martzoukos N, Zampetakis N, Moutzouri M, Gioftsos G. Associations of Treatment Outcome Expectations and Pain Sensitivity after Cervical Spine Manipulation in Patients with Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain: A Cohort Study. Healthcare. 2024; 12(17):1702. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12171702
Chicago/Turabian StylePaleta, Danai, Stefanos Karanasios, Nikolaos Diamantopoulos, Nektarios Martzoukos, Nikolaos Zampetakis, Maria Moutzouri, and George Gioftsos. 2024. "Associations of Treatment Outcome Expectations and Pain Sensitivity after Cervical Spine Manipulation in Patients with Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain: A Cohort Study" Healthcare 12, no. 17: 1702. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12171702