Missed Appointments and the Potential Correlation between Personal Characteristics, Personality, and Familial Characteristics and Missed Appointments for Adults with Diabetes Mellitus at the Primary Care Unit of Khon Kaen Province
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Participants
2.2. Questionnaire
2.3. Operational Definition
- Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL;
- Random plasma glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL;
- Oral glucose tolerance test ≥ 200 mg/dL;
- Hemoglobin A1c ≥ 6.5%.
- Extraversion is a trait that is often associated with individuals who enjoy socializing, meeting new people, and engaging in conversations. They tend to have an open-minded perspective and maintain positive and enthusiastic behavior.
- Agreeableness is a trait that is often associated with individuals who tend to be accommodating, cooperative, and compatible in their interactions with others.
- Conscientiousness is a trait that is often associated with individuals who demonstrate a strong sense of responsibility, possess a disciplined work ethic, set clear objectives, and prioritize careful planning.
- Neuroticism is a trait that is often associated with individuals who experience a range of negative emotions and emotional instability, including anxiety, fear, sadness, and anger.
- Openness to experience is a trait that is associated with individuals who are often imaginative, enjoy trying new things, seek out a variety of activities, and are receptive to a range of emotions.
2.4. Data Collection
- Utilization of a self-administered questionnaire: The duration of data collection was approximately 30 min.
- 1.1
- Information on the research objectives and procedures was provided to the research participants, and they were requested to provide their consent.
- 1.2
- The research participants were requested to complete a self-administered questionnaire in parts 1–3.
- 1.3
- In instances where the volunteer was unable to read, the research assistant would read the questions to the volunteer and record their response verbatim.
- 2.
- The researcher gathered data in part 4 of the questionnaire from the patient’s medical records.
2.5. Statistical Analysis
2.6. Ethical Approval
3. Results
3.1. Personal Information and Health Behavior
3.2. Correlation between Personal Characteristics and Missed Appointments
3.3. Correlation between Personality and Missed Appointments
3.4. Correlation between Familial Characteristics and Missed Appointments
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Overall n (%) | Type of Missed Appointments | p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
No Missed Appointments n (%) 34 (32.08) | Occasionally Missed Appointments n (%) 30 (28.30) | Regularly Missed Appointments n (%) 42 (39.62) | |||
Gender | |||||
Male | 37 (34.91) | 11 (29.73) | 12 (32.43) | 14 (37.84) | 0.784 |
Female | 69 (65.09) | 23 (33.33) | 18 (26.09) | 28 (40.58) | |
Age (years) | |||||
36–64 | 51 (48.11) | 12 (23.53) | 18 (35.29) | 21 (41.18) | 0.136 |
65 and older | 55 (51.89) | 22 (40.00) | 12 (21.82) | 21 (38.18) | |
Status | |||||
Single | 8 (7.55) | 2 (25.00) | 2 (25.00) | 4 (50.00) | 0.661 |
Married | 61 (57.54) | 19 (31.15) | 24 (39.34) | 18 (29.51) | |
Widower | 29 (27.36) | 7 (24.14) | 11 (37.93) | 11 (37.93) | |
Divorce/Separated | 8 (7.55) | 1 (12.50) | 2 (25.00) | 5 (62.50) | |
Education | |||||
Below secondary school level | 89 (83.96) | 28 (31.46) | 27 (30.34) | 34 (38.20) | 0.642 |
Secondary school or higher | 17 (16.04) | 6 (35.29) | 3 (17.65) | 8 (47.06) | |
Career | |||||
Unemployed | 55 (51.89) | 19 (34.54) | 13 (23.64) | 23 (41.82) | 0.539 |
Employed | 51 (48.11) | 15 (29.41) | 17 (33.33) | 19 (37.26) | |
Underlying disease | |||||
Diabetes mellitus | 106 (100.00) | 34 (32.08) | 30 (28.30) | 42 (39.62) | |
Hypertension | 68 (64.15) | 23 (33.82) | 18 (26.47) | 27 (39.71) | 0.816 |
Dyslipidemia | 53 (50.00) | 15 (28.30) | 14 (26.42) | 24 (45.28) | 0.482 |
Chronic kidney disease | 3 (2.83) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (33.33) | 2 (66.67) | 0.452 |
Stroke | 4 (3.77) | 1 (25.00) | 2 (50.00) | 1 (25.00) | 0.612 |
Other | 10 (9.43) | 4 (40.00) | 3 (30.00) | 3 (30.00) | 0.784 |
Exercise regularly | |||||
No | 26 (24.53) | 8 (30.77) | 3 (11.54) | 15 (57.69) | 0.043 |
Yes | 80 (75.47) | 26 (32.50) | 27 (33.75) | 27 (33.75) | |
A feeling of boredom or disinterest | |||||
No | 82 (77.36) | 24 (29.27) | 25 (30.49) | 33 (40.24) | 0.464 |
Yes | 24 (22.64) | 10 (41.67) | 5 (20.83) | 9 (37.50) | |
Medication adherence | |||||
No | 3 (2.83) | 1 (33.34) | 1 (33.33) | 1 (33.33) | 0.970 |
Yes | 103 (97.17) | 33 (32.04) | 29 (28.15) | 41 (39.81) |
Types of Missed Appointments | Characteristics | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | Exp (B) (p-Value) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Occasionally missed appointments | Gender | |||
Male | 1 | |||
Female | 0.767 | 0.236–2.491 | 0.659 | |
Age (years) | ||||
36–64 | 1 | |||
65 and older | 0.176 | 0.044–0.696 | 0.013 * | |
Education | ||||
Below secondary school level | 1 | |||
Secondary school or higher | 0.227 | 0.040–1.280 | 0.093 | |
Career | ||||
Unemployed | 1 | |||
Employed | 0.028 | 0.705–1.499 | 0.885 | |
Exercise regularly | ||||
No | 1 | |||
Yes | 6.740 | 1.268–35.812 | 0.025 * | |
A feeling of boredom or disinterest | ||||
No | 1 | |||
Yes | 0.429 | 0.115–1.596 | 0.207 | |
Medication adherence | ||||
No | 1 | |||
Yes | 1.497 | 0.064–35.096 | 0.802 | |
Regularly missed appointments | Gender | |||
Male | 1 | |||
Female | 1.154 | 0.394–3.380 | 0.794 | |
Age (years) | ||||
36–64 | 1 | |||
65 and older | 0.402 | 0.108–1.500 | 0.175 | |
Education | ||||
Below secondary school level | 1 | |||
Secondary school or higher | 0.905 | 0.233–3.523 | 0.886 | |
Career | ||||
Unemployed | 1 | |||
Employed | 0.820 | 0.576–1.166 | 0.069 | |
Exercise regularly | ||||
No | 1 | |||
Yes | 0.609 | 0.189–1.964 | 0.406 | |
A feeling of boredom or disinterest | ||||
No | 1 | |||
Yes | 0.663 | 0.226–1.940 | 0.453 | |
Medication adherence | ||||
No | 1 | |||
Yes | 0.780 | 0.038–15.998 | 0.872 |
Personality Type | Median (IQR) | Kruskal–Wallis Test (p-Value) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | No Missed Appointments | Occasionally Missed Appointments | Regularly Missed Appointments | ||
Extraversion | 3.40 (3.00–3.80) | 3.60 (3.20–3.85) | 3.20 (3.00–3.65) | 3.30 (3.00–3.80) | 0.320 |
Agreeableness | 3.75 (3.25–4.00) | 3.75 (3.25–4.00) | 3.63 (3.25–4.00) | 3.50 (3.00–3.75) | 0.236 |
Conscientiousness | 3.60 (3.2–3.85) | 3.60 (3.40–4.00) | 3.50 (3.00–3.85) | 3.50 (3.15–3.85) | 0.441 |
Neuroticism | 2.00 (1.80–2.40) | 2.00 (1.60–2.25) | 2.00 (1.80–2.40) | 2.10 (1.80–2.45) | 0.260 |
Openness to experience | 3.00 (2.60–3.20) | 3.00 (2.40–3.20) | 3.00 (2.75–3.20) | 2.80 (2.40–3.20) | 0.379 |
Characteristics | n (%) | No Missed Appointments n (%) | Occasionally Missed Appointments n (%) | Regularly Missed Appointments n (%) | Chi-Square Test (p-Value) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Extraversion | |||||
High level | 78 (73.58) | 28 (35.90) | 22 (28.20) | 28 (35.90) | |
Low–moderate level | 28 (26.42) | 6 (21.43) | 8 (28.57) | 14 (50.00) | 0.304 |
Agreeableness | |||||
High level | 86 (81.13) | 32 (37.21) | 24 (27.91) | 30 (34.88) | |
Moderate level | 20 (18.87) | 2 (10.00) | 6 (30.00) | 12 (60.00) | 0.042 * |
Conscientiousness | |||||
High level | 86 (81.13) | 32 (37.21) | 22 (25.58) | 32 (37.21) | |
Moderate level | 20 (18.87) | 2 (10.00) | 8 (40.00) | 10 (50.00) | 0.061 |
Neuroticism | |||||
High level | 3 (2.83) | 1 (33.33) | 0 (0) | 2 (66.67) | |
Moderate level | 44 (41.51) | 13 (29.55) | 12 (27.27) | 19 (43.18) | 0.726 |
Low level | 59 (55.66) | 20 (33.90) | 18 (30.51) | 21 (35.59) | |
Openness to experience | |||||
High level | 37 (34.91) | 12 (32.43) | 12 (32.43) | 13 (35.14) | |
Moderate level | 62 (58.49) | 19 (30.64) | 17 (27.42) | 26 (41.94) | 0.860 |
Low level | 7 (6.60) | 3 (42.86) | 1 (14.28) | 3 (42.86) |
Familial Characteristics | Overall n (%) | No Missed Appointments | Occasionally Missed Appointments | Regularly Missed Appointments | Chi-Square Test (p-Value) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Family structure (n, %) | |||||
Extended family | 49 (46.23) | 15 (30.61) | 12 (24.49) | 22 (44.90) | 0.557 |
Other families | 57 (53.77) | 19 (33.33) | 18 (31.58) | 20 (35.09) | |
Number of family members (Median, IQR) | 4 (3–5) | 4 (3–5) | 4 (2.75–5.00) | 4 (2.75–6.00) | 0.640 |
Family role (n, %) | |||||
Family leader | 59 (55.66) | 17 (28.81) | 18 (30.51) | 24 (40.68) | 0.702 |
Family member | 47 (44.34) | 17 (36.17) | 12 (25.53) | 18 (38.30) |
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Sae-Ueng, N.; Luvira, V. Missed Appointments and the Potential Correlation between Personal Characteristics, Personality, and Familial Characteristics and Missed Appointments for Adults with Diabetes Mellitus at the Primary Care Unit of Khon Kaen Province. Healthcare 2024, 12, 1992. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12191992
Sae-Ueng N, Luvira V. Missed Appointments and the Potential Correlation between Personal Characteristics, Personality, and Familial Characteristics and Missed Appointments for Adults with Diabetes Mellitus at the Primary Care Unit of Khon Kaen Province. Healthcare. 2024; 12(19):1992. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12191992
Chicago/Turabian StyleSae-Ueng, Natsuda, and Varisara Luvira. 2024. "Missed Appointments and the Potential Correlation between Personal Characteristics, Personality, and Familial Characteristics and Missed Appointments for Adults with Diabetes Mellitus at the Primary Care Unit of Khon Kaen Province" Healthcare 12, no. 19: 1992. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12191992