Dual-Gendered Leadership: Gender-Inclusive Scientific-Political Public Health Communication Supporting Government COVID-19 Responses in Atlantic Canada
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Women Leaders
2.1. Women’s Leadership in Political and Professional Realms
2.2. Gender-Inclusive Scientific-Political Communication during the COVID-19 Pandemic
3. Dual-Gendered Leadership in the Atlantic Bubble—A Case Study
3.1. Settings
3.2. Data Curation—A Scoping Public Media Coverage Review
3.2.1. Data Sources
3.2.2. Search Keywords
3.2.3. Searching Period
3.2.4. Searching Results
3.2.5. Data Analysis
4. Findings
4.1. Benefits of Gender-Inclusive Leadership at the Provincial Government Level
4.1.1. Mitigation Role: Giving Priority to Residents’ Health and Well-Being over Economic and Political Dimensions
4.1.2. Advocating Role: Focusing on Vulnerable and Stigmatized Populations
4.1.3. Coordination Role: Improving the Cross-Departmental Collaboration
4.2. Dissemination of Public Health Information to the General Public
4.2.1. Delivering Consistent Messages, Avoiding Misdirecting Public Attention and Misinformation
4.2.2. Supportive Messaging to Build Trust with the General Public
“We’ve done so well and come so far… it’s my personal plea, and shared by the team: Now is the time for us to really stick with it and follow these measures for a bit longer, and now is not the time to throw caution to the wind.”[101] (para. 8)
“I am still hearing stories of people driving to our parks and beaches…these people are the reckless few and not only are Dr. Strang and I upset with them, their fellow Nova Scotians are upset with them. To those reckless few: if you won’t do your part to keep physical distance to help flatten the curve, police will do it for you.”[102] (para. 7)
4.3. The General Public Embraces the Governmental Decisions Generated by the Dual-Gendered Leadership
4.3.1. Encouraging Grassroots Collaboration
“I do feel like the response from the public in the Atlantic region is different than other parts of the country…I think there’s also a certain amount of pride that we have been able to maintain the bubble, and I don’t think that people want to see it change.”[104] (para. 10 and 11)
4.3.2. Supporting People in Need
5. Discussion
5.1. Promoting Dual-Gendered Leadership in Disaster and Emergency Management
5.2. Limitations and Mitigation Strategies
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Atlantic Province | Premier | Chief Medical Officer | Leadership Type |
---|---|---|---|
New Brunswick (N.B.) | Mr. Blaine Higgs | Dr. Jennifer Russell | Dual-gender |
Nova Scotia (N.S.) | Mr. Stephen McNeil | Dr. Robert Strang | Man-only |
Prince Edward Island (P.E.I.) | Mr. Dennis King | Dr. Heather Morrison | Dual-gender |
Newfoundland and Labrador (N.L.) | Mr. Dwight Ball Mr. Andrew Furey * | Dr. Janice Fitzgerald | Dual-gender |
Province/Country | CBC News | CTV News | The Globe and Mail | Sub-Total | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Initial Search | Final Reviewed | Initial Search | Final Reviewed | Initial Search | Final Reviewed | Initial Search | Final Reviewed | |
Canada | 419 | 2 | 185 | 0 | 226 | 15 | 830 | 17 |
N.B. | 345 | 14 | 141 | 0 | 31 | 6 | 517 | 20 |
N.S. | 247 | 2 | 253 | 10 | 29 | 8 | 529 | 20 |
P.E.I. | 337 | 9 | 66 | 0 | 14 | 5 | 417 | 14 |
N.L. | 227 | 9 | 23 | 0 | 15 | 3 | 265 | 12 |
Total | 1575 | 36 | 668 | 10 | 315 | 37 | 2558 | 83 |
Themes | Sub-Categories | Codes |
---|---|---|
Influences on the provincial government public health decision making | Mitigation Role | Economic impacts, Social impacts, Health impacts, A scientific-driven approach, risk mitigation |
Advocating Role | Vulnerable people, Stigmatized populations | |
Coordination Role | Cross-Departmental Collaboration, Cross-party collaboration, Cross-provincial Collaboration | |
Influences on dissemination of public health Information | Information Delivery | Consistent Messages, Avoiding Misdirecting, Timely clarification, Personal messages |
Build Trust | Supportive and encouraging messages, Customized messages, Direct and aggressive approach, Self-care | |
Influences on local communities | Encouraging Grassroots Collaboration | Maintain the bubble, Community effects, Support public health protocols |
Supporting People in Need | Urban residents’ activities, Rural residents’ activities, Addressing urgent needs, Community service agency efforts |
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Wu, H.; Mackenzie, J. Dual-Gendered Leadership: Gender-Inclusive Scientific-Political Public Health Communication Supporting Government COVID-19 Responses in Atlantic Canada. Healthcare 2021, 9, 1345. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9101345
Wu H, Mackenzie J. Dual-Gendered Leadership: Gender-Inclusive Scientific-Political Public Health Communication Supporting Government COVID-19 Responses in Atlantic Canada. Healthcare. 2021; 9(10):1345. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9101345
Chicago/Turabian StyleWu, Haorui, and Jason Mackenzie. 2021. "Dual-Gendered Leadership: Gender-Inclusive Scientific-Political Public Health Communication Supporting Government COVID-19 Responses in Atlantic Canada" Healthcare 9, no. 10: 1345. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9101345