Implications of Dual Practice on Cataract Surgery Waiting Time and Rescheduling: The Case of Malaysia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Setting
2.2. Outcome Measures
2.2.1. Waiting Time for Elective Surgery
- Clock-continuous scenario: continuous measurement of waiting times in all patients regardless of their reasons for rescheduling [9].
- Clock-pause scenario: discounts the rescheduling period in patients rescheduled due to patient or medical factors [24].
- Clock-restart (“new clock”) scenario: eliminates the previous waiting time and restarts a new clock when there is rescheduling [25].
2.2.2. Rescheduling of Surgery
2.3. Sample Size Calculation
2.4. Data Collection
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Socio-Demographic Characteristics
3.2. Waiting Time to Operation
3.3. Surgery Rescheduling
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Cataract (ICD10 H26–28) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Private | Public | ||
Age (year) [Mean (SD)] | 58.66 (14.41) | 50.44 (22.56) | 0.166 a |
Gender (%) | 0.625 b | ||
Male | 30 (56.6) | 78 (52.7) | |
Female | 23 (43.4) | 70 (47.3) | |
Nationality (%) | 0.001 *,c | ||
Malaysian | 48 (90.6) | 148 (100) | |
Non-Malaysian | 5 (9.4) | 0 (0) | |
Ethnicity (%) | <0.001 *,c | ||
Malay | 13 (24.5) | 80 (54.1) | |
Chinese | 17 (32.1) | 41 (27.7) | |
Indian | 18 (34.0) | 24 (16.2) | |
Others d | 5 (9.4) | 3 (2.0) | |
Comorbidities e (%) | 0.015 *,b | ||
Yes | 32 (60.4) | 115 (77.7) | |
No | 21 (39.6) | 33 (22.3) | |
Surgery Performed Time (%) | <0.001 *,c | ||
Office hour | 0 (0) | 117 (79.0) | |
After hours on weekdays/weekends | 53 (100.0) | 29 (19.6) | |
Unknown | 0 | 2 (1.4) |
Waiting Time to Cataract Procedure Approaches (Days) | Private (n = 53) | Public (n = 148) | Public: Private Ratio a | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Clock continuous | Median (Q1, Q3) | 7 (2.00, 14.00) | 48.00 (16.00, 94.00) | 6.9 * |
Mean (SD) | 15.26 (27.28) | 70.57 (82.50) | ||
Clock pause | Median (Q1, Q3) | 7 (2.00, 14.00) | 41.5 (15.50, 89.50) | 5.9 * |
Mean (SD) | 15.26 (27.28) | 60.48 (59.69) | ||
Clock restart (new clock) | Median (Q1, Q3) | 7 (2.00, 14.00) | 38.5 (13.00, 83.00) | 5.5 * |
Mean (SD) | 15.26 (27.28) | 57.41 (66.14) |
Private | Public | |
---|---|---|
Scheduling status a,*(%) | ||
Scheduled | 53 (100) | 126 (85.1) |
Rescheduled | 0 | 22 (14.9) |
Number and reason for rescheduling (%) | ||
One time | 0 (0) | 19 (86.4) |
Medical | 14 (73.7) | |
Patient | 3 (15.8) | |
Resource | 2 (10.5) | |
Two times | 0 (0) | 3 (13.6) |
Medical | 2 (66.7) | |
Medical and Patient | 1 (33.3) |
Reason * | Count | % |
---|---|---|
Medical Factor | ||
Uncontrolled blood pressure | 8 | 38.1 |
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection | 5 | 23.8 |
Cardiac condition | 1 | 4.8 |
Uncontrolled diabetes | 3 | 14.3 |
Other medical factors | 3 | 14.3 |
Additional investigation required | 1 | 4.8 |
Total | 21 | 100.0 |
Patient Factor | ||
Patient’s request or due to other personal reasons | 4 | 100.0 |
Total | 4 | 100.0 |
Resource Factor | ||
Operation theatre chiller not functioning | 1 | 50.0 |
To try new phacoemulsification machine | 1 | 50.0 |
Total | 2 | 100.0 |
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Fun, W.H.; Tan, E.H.; Sararaks, S.; Md. Sharif, S.; Ab Rahim, I.; Jawahir, S.; Eow, V.H.Y.; Sibert, R.M.Y.; Fadzil, M.M.; Mahmud, S.H. Implications of Dual Practice on Cataract Surgery Waiting Time and Rescheduling: The Case of Malaysia. Healthcare 2021, 9, 653. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060653
Fun WH, Tan EH, Sararaks S, Md. Sharif S, Ab Rahim I, Jawahir S, Eow VHY, Sibert RMY, Fadzil MM, Mahmud SH. Implications of Dual Practice on Cataract Surgery Waiting Time and Rescheduling: The Case of Malaysia. Healthcare. 2021; 9(6):653. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060653
Chicago/Turabian StyleFun, Weng Hong, Ee Hong Tan, Sondi Sararaks, Shakirah Md. Sharif, Iqbal Ab Rahim, Suhana Jawahir, Vivien Han Ying Eow, Raoul Muhammad Yusof Sibert, Malindawati Mohd Fadzil, and Siti Haniza Mahmud. 2021. "Implications of Dual Practice on Cataract Surgery Waiting Time and Rescheduling: The Case of Malaysia" Healthcare 9, no. 6: 653. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060653