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Article

Organizational Support Experiences of Care Home and Home Care Staff in Sweden, Italy, Germany and the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 Pandemic

by
Connie Lethin
1,2,
Andrea Kenkmann
3,
Carlos Chiatti
4,
Jonas Christensen
5,
Tamara Backhouse
6,
Anne Killett
6,
Oliver Fisher
7,8 and
Agneta Malmgren Fänge
1,*
1
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
2
Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
3
Center for Aging, Katholische Stiftungshochschule, 81667 München, Germany
4
Tech4Care srl, 60015 Falconara Marittima, Italy
5
Department of Social work, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, 21119 Malmö, Sweden
6
School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
7
Centre for Socio-Economic Research on Ageing, IRCCS INRCA-National Institute of Health and Science on Ageing, 60124 Ancona, Italy
8
Department of Economics and Social Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Healthcare 2021, 9(6), 767; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060767
Submission received: 15 May 2021 / Revised: 6 June 2021 / Accepted: 17 June 2021 / Published: 19 June 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges Facing the Health System)
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Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected care workers all over the globe, as older and more vulnerable people face a high risk of developing severe symptoms and dying from the virus infection. The aim of this study was to compare staff experiences of stress and anxiety as well as internal and external organizational support in Sweden, Italy, Germany, and the United Kingdom (UK) in order to determine how care staff were affected by the pandemic. A 29-item online questionnaire was used to collect data from care staff respondents: management (n = 136), nurses (n = 132), nursing assistants (n = 195), and other healthcare staff working in these organizations (n = 132). Stress and anxiety levels were highest in the UK and Germany, with Swedish staff showing the least stress. Internal and external support only partially explain the outcomes. Striking discrepancies between different staff groups’ assessment of organizational support as well as a lack of staff voice in the UK and Germany could be key factors in understanding staff’s stress levels during the pandemic. Structural, political, cultural, and economic factors play a significant role, not only factors within the care organization or in the immediate context.
Keywords: COVID-19; care home; home care; organizational support; staff experience; survey COVID-19; care home; home care; organizational support; staff experience; survey

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lethin, C.; Kenkmann, A.; Chiatti, C.; Christensen, J.; Backhouse, T.; Killett, A.; Fisher, O.; Malmgren Fänge, A. Organizational Support Experiences of Care Home and Home Care Staff in Sweden, Italy, Germany and the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare 2021, 9, 767. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060767

AMA Style

Lethin C, Kenkmann A, Chiatti C, Christensen J, Backhouse T, Killett A, Fisher O, Malmgren Fänge A. Organizational Support Experiences of Care Home and Home Care Staff in Sweden, Italy, Germany and the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare. 2021; 9(6):767. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060767

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lethin, Connie, Andrea Kenkmann, Carlos Chiatti, Jonas Christensen, Tamara Backhouse, Anne Killett, Oliver Fisher, and Agneta Malmgren Fänge. 2021. "Organizational Support Experiences of Care Home and Home Care Staff in Sweden, Italy, Germany and the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 Pandemic" Healthcare 9, no. 6: 767. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060767

APA Style

Lethin, C., Kenkmann, A., Chiatti, C., Christensen, J., Backhouse, T., Killett, A., Fisher, O., & Malmgren Fänge, A. (2021). Organizational Support Experiences of Care Home and Home Care Staff in Sweden, Italy, Germany and the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare, 9(6), 767. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060767

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