Comorbidity Patterns of Mood Disorders in Adult Inpatients: Applying Association Rule Mining
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Source
2.2. Study Population
2.3. Principal Diagnosis & Comorbidities
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Prevalence of Comorbidities in Study Population
3.2. Frequency of Comorbidities
3.3. Association Rules among Comorbidities
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Psychiatric Comorbidity a | Physical Comorbidity b | Total c | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N(%) | χ2 (p) | N(%) | χ2 (p) | N(%) | χ2 (p) | |
Sex | 12.466 | 0.587 | 5.476 | |||
Male | 708(29.97) | (<0.001) | 1075(45.51) | (0.444) | 1465(62.02) | (0.019) |
Female | 1395(26.09) | 2484(46.46) | 3165(59.19) | |||
Age group | 8.385 | 482.304 | 222.946 | |||
19–44 | 983(28.48) | (0.039) | 1170(33.89) | (<0.001) | 1791(51.88) | (<0.001) |
45–64 | 670(26.26) | 1270(49.78) | 1593(62.45) | |||
65–74 | 275(24.82) | 719(64.89) | 800(72.2) | |||
≥ 75 | 175(29.26) | 400(66.89) | 446(74.58) | |||
Insurance type | 42.203 | 6.720 | 22.724 | |||
National health | 1851(26.48) | (<0.001) | 3203(45.82) | (0.081) | 4156(59.45) | (<0.001) |
Medicaid I | 153(31.35) | 251(51.43) | 316(64.75) | |||
Medicaid II | 35(34.31) | 43(42.16) | 59(57.84) | |||
Others | 64(50.00) | 62(48.44) | 99(77.34) | |||
Admission route | N/A | N/A | 1.249 | |||
Emergency | 525(24.18) | 1033(47.58) | 1289(59.37) | (0.535) | ||
Outpatient | 1578(28.50) | 2525(45.60) | 3340(60.32) | |||
Others | - | 1(100) | 1(100) | |||
Treatment outcome | 2.398 | N/A | 21.233 | |||
Improved | 1922(27.19) | (0.494) | 3312(46.85) | 4273(60.45) | (<0.001) | |
Not improved | 174(28.20) | 229(37.12) | 335(54.29) | |||
Death | 1(12.50) | 8(100.00) | 8(100) | |||
Others | 6(40.00) | 10(66.67) | 14(93.33) | |||
Number of hospital beds | 33.952 | 21.480 | 23.116 | |||
100–299 | 242(27.91) | (<0.001) | 438(50.52) | (<0.001) | 551(63.55) | (<0.001) |
300–499 | 274(28.96) | 388(41.01) | 531(56.13) | |||
500–999 | 1255(28.88) | 2051(47.19) | 2674(61.53) | |||
≥1000 | 332(21.42) | 682(44.00) | 874(56.39) | |||
Total | 2103(27.28) | 3559(46.17) | 4630(60.06) |
Mood Disorders (F30–F39) | Psychiatric Comorbidity a | Physical Comorbidity b | Total c | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N(%) | χ2 (p) | N(%) | χ2 (p) | N(%) | χ2 (p) | |
Manic episode (F30) | 9(20.00) | 141.173 | 21(46.67) | 137.635 | 26(57.78) | 221.953 |
Bipolar affective disorders (F31) | 452(18.72) | (<0.001) | 879(36.41) | (<0.001) | 1154(47.80) | (<0.001) |
Depressive episode (F32) | 1321(31.12) | 2151(50.67) | 2788(65.68) | |||
Recurrent depressive disorders (F33) | 249(30.11) | 427(51.63) | 544(65.78) | |||
Persistent mood disorders (F34) | 49(41.88) | 54(46.15) | 80(68.38) | |||
Other mood disorders (F38) | 3(42.86) | 4(57.14) | 4(57.14) | |||
Unspecified mood disorders (F39) | 20(37.04) | 23(42.59) | 34(62.96) | |||
Total | 2103(27.28) | 3559(46.17) | 4630(60.06) |
Rules | N | Support | Confidence | Lift | IS Scale |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mood disorders (n = 7709) | |||||
E10–E14→I10–I15 | 262 | 0.034 | 0.504 | 4.635 | 0.397 |
I10–I15→E10–E14 | 262 | 0.034 | 0.313 | 4.635 | 0.397 |
E70–E90→I10–I15 | 96 | 0.012 | 0.478 | 4.394 | 0.234 |
I10–I15→E70–E90 | 96 | 0.012 | 0.115 | 4.394 | 0.234 |
I10–I15→K20–K31 | 96 | 0.012 | 0.115 | 1.821 | 0.151 |
Manic episode (n = 45) | |||||
R50–R69→H00–H06 | 1 | 0.022 | 1.000 | 45.000 | 1.000 |
H00–H06→R50–R69 | 1 | 0.022 | 1.000 | 45.000 | 1.000 |
D60–D64→I30–I52 | 1 | 0.022 | 1.000 | 45.000 | 1.000 |
I30–I52→D60–D64 | 1 | 0.022 | 1.000 | 45.000 | 1.000 |
D60–D64→R00–R09 | 1 | 0.022 | 1.000 | 45.000 | 1.000 |
Bipolar affective disorders (n = 2414) | |||||
I10–I15→E10–E14 | 38 | 0.016 | 0.309 | 6.970 | 0.331 |
E10–E14→I10–I15 | 38 | 0.016 | 0.355 | 6.970 | 0.331 |
Depressive episode (n = 4245) | |||||
G30–G32→F00–F09 | 54 | 0.013 | 0.844 | 19.361 | 0.496 |
F00–F09→G30–G32 | 54 | 0.013 | 0.292 | 19.361 | 0.496 |
E10–E14→I10–I15 | 182 | 0.043 | 0.555 | 4.206 | 0.425 |
I10–I15→E10–E14 | 182 | 0.043 | 0.325 | 4.206 | 0.425 |
I60–I69→I10–I15 | 46 | 0.011 | 0.575 | 4.359 | 0.217 |
Recurrent depressive disorders (n = 827) | |||||
G30–G32→F00–F09 | 13 | 0.016 | 0.867 | 21.719 | 0.584 |
F00–F09→G30–G32 | 13 | 0.016 | 0.394 | 21.719 | 0.584 |
E70–E90→I10–I15 | 20 | 0.024 | 0.690 | 4.354 | 0.324 |
I10–I15→E70–E90 | 20 | 0.024 | 0.153 | 4.354 | 0.324 |
E70–E90→E10–E14 | 9 | 0.011 | 0.310 | 3.468 | 0.194 |
Persistent mood disorders (n = 117) | |||||
E10–E14, I10–I15→G20–G26 | 2 | 0.017 | 0.667 | 39.000 | 0.816 |
E00–E07→N30–N39 | 2 | 0.017 | 0.667 | 26.000 | 0.667 |
N30–N39→E00–E07 | 2 | 0.017 | 0.667 | 26.000 | 0.667 |
G20–G26→E10–E14 | 2 | 0.017 | 1.000 | 19.500 | 0.577 |
E10–E14→G20–G26 | 2 | 0.017 | 0.333 | 19.500 | 0.577 |
Other mood disorders (n = 7) | |||||
A15–A19→C15–C26 | 1 | 0.143 | 1.000 | 7.000 | 1.000 |
C15–C26→A15–A19 | 1 | 0.143 | 1.000 | 7.000 | 1.000 |
A15–A19→I10–I15 | 1 | 0.143 | 1.000 | 7.000 | 1.000 |
I10–I15→A15–A19 | 1 | 0.143 | 1.000 | 7.000 | 1.000 |
A15–A19→K70–K77 | 1 | 0.143 | 1.000 | 7.000 | 1.000 |
Unspecified mood disorders (n = 54) | |||||
B00–B09→K00–K14 | 1 | 0.019 | 1.000 | 54.000 | 1.000 |
K00–K14→B00–B09 | 1 | 0.019 | 1.000 | 54.000 | 1.000 |
D10–D36→M40–M54 | 1 | 0.019 | 1.000 | 54.000 | 1.000 |
M40–M54→D10–D36 | 1 | 0.019 | 1.000 | 54.000 | 1.000 |
I30–I52→R00–R09 | 1 | 0.019 | 1.000 | 54.000 | 1.000 |
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Cha, S.; Kim, S.-S. Comorbidity Patterns of Mood Disorders in Adult Inpatients: Applying Association Rule Mining. Healthcare 2021, 9, 1155. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9091155
Cha S, Kim S-S. Comorbidity Patterns of Mood Disorders in Adult Inpatients: Applying Association Rule Mining. Healthcare. 2021; 9(9):1155. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9091155
Chicago/Turabian StyleCha, Sunkyung, and Sung-Soo Kim. 2021. "Comorbidity Patterns of Mood Disorders in Adult Inpatients: Applying Association Rule Mining" Healthcare 9, no. 9: 1155. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9091155