Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches for Heart Failure in Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Cancer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Prevalence of Heart Failure in Long Survivors of Childhood Cancer
2.1. Prevalence of Symptomatic Heart Failure in Long Survivors of Childhood Cancer
2.2. Prevalence of Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in Long Survivors of Childhood Cancer
3. New Tools for the Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease
3.1. Global Longitudinal Strain
3.2. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance
3.3. Blood Biomarkers
4. Cellular Senescence and Cardiotoxicity
5. Treatment of Heart Failure in Cancer Survivors
6. Future Research Direction
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study | n | Follow-Up (Years) | Symptomatic HF | LVSD (EF < 50%) | Subclinical LVSD (GLS) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Feijen, 2019 [7] | 5845 | 19.9 (5–50) | 2% a | - | - |
Armstrong, 2013 [8] | 10,724 | 25.6 (7–39) | 4.8% | - | - |
Faber, 2018 [11] | 951 | 28.4 (23–36) | 1.2% | - | - |
Armstrong, 2015 [12] | 1820 | 23 (10–48) | - | 5.8% | 28.0% |
Massey, 2020 [13] | 104 b | 17.2 ± 5.6 | - | 16.3% | 32.7% |
Gonzalez-Manzanares, 2022 [14] | 90 | 18 (11–26) | 1.1% | 12.2% | 26.6% |
Christiansen, 2014 [15] | 125 | 20.4 ± 8.6 | - | 4% | - |
Christiansen, 2016 [16] | 191 | 21.6 ± 7.9 | - | - | 28% |
Niemelä, 2021 [17] | 90 | 8.1 (6–13) | - | - | 11.1% |
Study | Sample Size | miRNA | Context | Interpretation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Corsten, 2010 [48] | In total, 33 patients admitted with acute HF and 34 healthy controls | miR-499 | Acute HF | miR-499 was significantly elevated (2-fold) as compared with control subjects |
Goren Y., 2012 [49] | In total, 30 stable chronic HFrEF patients and 30 controls | miR-423-5p, miR-320a, miR-22, and miR-92b | Chronic HFrEF | A score based on the serum levels of these four miRNAs predicted HF and was correlated to prognostic parameters such as elevated NPs or QRS width. |
Zhang J., 2017 [50] | Hospitalized patients undergoing coronary angiogram, radiofrequency ablation, or cardiac resynchronization therapy: 80 patients with LVEF < 50% were compared to 40 with LVEF ≥ 50% | miR-21 | HFrEF | miR-21 levels in patients with LVEF < 50% were higher than in control subjects and were correlated with NPs and prognosis |
Lakhani H.V., 2021 [51] | A total of 17 women with breast cancer | miR-34a | Acute cardiotoxicity | miR-34a increased after the completion of anthracycline treatment and was correlated with a rise in troponin I but not with LVEF |
Feng Q., 2021 [52] | A total of 72 breast cancer patients | miR-130a | Acute cardiotoxicity | miR-130a increment during treatment was more pronounced in patients with cardiotoxicity |
Frères P., 2018 [53] | A total of 45 breast cancer patients | miR-423 | Acute cardiotoxicity | miR-423 rise after the initiation of therapy was correlated with the decline in LVEF at follow-up |
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Fernandez-Aviles, C.; Gonzalez-Manzanares, R.; Ojeda, S.; Castillo, J.C.; Robles-Mezcua, A.; Anguita, M.; Mesa, D.; Pan, M. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches for Heart Failure in Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Cancer. Biomedicines 2024, 12, 1875. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12081875
Fernandez-Aviles C, Gonzalez-Manzanares R, Ojeda S, Castillo JC, Robles-Mezcua A, Anguita M, Mesa D, Pan M. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches for Heart Failure in Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Cancer. Biomedicines. 2024; 12(8):1875. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12081875
Chicago/Turabian StyleFernandez-Aviles, Consuelo, Rafael Gonzalez-Manzanares, Soledad Ojeda, Juan C. Castillo, Ainhoa Robles-Mezcua, Manuel Anguita, Dolores Mesa, and Manuel Pan. 2024. "Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches for Heart Failure in Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Cancer" Biomedicines 12, no. 8: 1875. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12081875