Association of Endothelial Cell Activation with Acute Kidney Injury during Coronary Angiography and the Influence of Recombinant Human C1 Inhibitor—A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Trial
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Description
2.2. Outcomes
2.3. Laboratory Assessment
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Baseline Characteristics of the Study Population
3.2. Serum Concentrations of Endothelial Cell Activation Markers/CCL5 in the Overall Study Population
3.3. Association of Endothelial Activation Marker/CCL5 with Renal Injury Markers and Renal Outcome
3.4. Association of Treatment with rhC1INH with Endothelial Activation Markers and CCL5
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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All Patients n = 74 | Placebo n = 37 | rhC1INH n = 37 | |
---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 76.7 ± 8.1 | 77 ± 9.3 | 76.3 ± 7 |
Male | 52 (70.3) | 27 (73) | 25 (67.6) |
Comorbidities: | |||
Diabetes mellitus | 30 (40.5) | 13 (35.0) | 17 (46.0) |
Coronary artery disease | 42 (57.0) | 19 (51.0) | 23 (62.0) |
Dyslipidemia | 47 (63.5) | 23 (62.2) | 24 (65.0) |
PAD | 10 (13.5) | 4 (11.0) | 6 (16.0) |
Smoking (previous and current) | 44 (59.5) | 21 (57.0) | 23 (62.0) |
CKD stage 3 | 62 (83.8) | 31 (83.9) | 31 (83.9) |
CKD stage 4 | 11 (14.9) | 6 (16.2) | 5 (13.5) |
CKD stage 5 | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.7) |
Medication: | |||
Anticoagulation | 28 (38.0) | 16 (43.0) | 12 (32.0) |
Antiplatelet drugs | 46 (62.0) | 21 (57.0) | 25 (67.6) |
Statin | 49 (66.0) | 21 (57.0) | 28 (76.0) |
Intervention: | |||
PCI | 28 (38.0) | 14 (38.0) | 14 (38.0) |
Laboratory parameters at baseline: | |||
Creatinine, µmol/L | 145.2 ± 66.88 | 139.39 ± 40.48 | 149.6 ± 85.36 |
eGFR, ml/min/1.732 | 39.81 ± 9.62 | 39.84 ± 9.12 | 39.78 ± 10.22 |
Cystatin C, ng/mL | 1.68 ± 0.50 | 1.68 ± 0.45 | 1.68 ± 0.59 |
Cystatin C Increase ≥ 10% within 24 h Compared to Baseline (n = 18) | No Cystatin C Increase ≥ 10% within 24 h Compared to Baseline (n = 53) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|
E- selectin baseline | 31.0 ng/mL (19.4–49.6) | 28.24 ng/mL (23.4–38.2) | p = 0.94 |
E-selectin 4 h | 27.0 ng/mL (21.5–48.2) | 28.4 ng/mL (22.7–38.6) | p = 0.849 |
E- selectin day 1 | 28.1 ng/mL (20.1–58.9) | 30.0 ng/mL (23.5–44.4) | p = 0.98 |
ICAM-1 baseline | 405.8 ng/mL (321.1–577.4) | 411.0 ng/mL (354.8–488.0) | p = 0.90 |
ICAM-1 4 h | 387.8 ng/mL (372.0–638.1) | 393.6 ng/mL (342.2–471.1) | p = 0.43 |
ICAM-1 day 1 | 411.6 ng/mL (343.7–615.2) | 416.4 ng/mL (370.6–510.4) | p = 0.69 |
VCAM-1 baseline | 958.0 ng/mL (802.4–1284.6) | 959.0 ng/mL (778.6–1148.3) | p = 0.80 |
VCAM-1 4 h | 1164.7 ng/mL (723.0–1604.6) | 996.0 ng/mL (834.0–1237.1) | p = 0.60 |
VCAM-1 day 1 | 1218.6 ng/mL (845.8–1451.7) | 1084.4 ng/mL (854.4–1271.7) | p = 0.38 |
CCL5 baseline | 17.9 ng/mL (14.6–68.3) | 17.7 ng/mL (11.1–26.0) | p = 0.30 |
CCL5 4 h | 23.2 ng/mL (13.6–46.7) | 17.1 ng/mL (11.1–24.2) | p = 0.21 |
CCL5 day 1 | 19.5. ng/mL (13.2–48.0) | 17.2 ng/mL (13.5–29.0) | p = 0.56 |
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Moser, S.; Araschmid, L.; Panagiotou, A.; Bonati, L.H.; Breidthardt, T.; Fahrni, G.; Kaiser, C.; Jeger, R.; Trendelenburg, M.; Osthoff, M. Association of Endothelial Cell Activation with Acute Kidney Injury during Coronary Angiography and the Influence of Recombinant Human C1 Inhibitor—A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Trial. Biomedicines 2024, 12, 1956. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12091956
Moser S, Araschmid L, Panagiotou A, Bonati LH, Breidthardt T, Fahrni G, Kaiser C, Jeger R, Trendelenburg M, Osthoff M. Association of Endothelial Cell Activation with Acute Kidney Injury during Coronary Angiography and the Influence of Recombinant Human C1 Inhibitor—A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Trial. Biomedicines. 2024; 12(9):1956. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12091956
Chicago/Turabian StyleMoser, Stephan, Laura Araschmid, Anneza Panagiotou, Leo H. Bonati, Tobias Breidthardt, Gregor Fahrni, Christoph Kaiser, Raban Jeger, Marten Trendelenburg, and Michael Osthoff. 2024. "Association of Endothelial Cell Activation with Acute Kidney Injury during Coronary Angiography and the Influence of Recombinant Human C1 Inhibitor—A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Trial" Biomedicines 12, no. 9: 1956. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12091956