Plague Prevention and Therapy: Perspectives on Current and Future Strategies
Abstract
:1. Plague History and Disease Presentation
2. Yersinia pestis Virulence Plasmids
3. Outbreak Prevention
4. Current Antibiotic Therapies
5. Vaccines
6. Antibodies
7. Advantages of Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) and Final Perspectives
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Antigen a | mAb Description | Antibody/Therapeutic Administration | Y. pestis Challenge Strain d | Challenge Dose (LD50) | Ref. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Route | Concentration | Schedule | |||||
F1; LcrV; F1V + LcrV | human IgG1 | IP | 500 µg | 24 h pre–120 h post | CO92 | 25–40 | 202 |
LcrV | mouse | IP | 350 µg | 24 h pre | GB | 12 | 156 |
LcrV b | mouse IgG1, IgG2a | IP | 1–500 µg | 24 h pre | CO92 or C12 | 21–39 | 192 |
LcrV; F1 + LcrV | mouse IgG1 | IP | 0.7–100 µg | 4 h pre–96 post | GB | 9.6–91,000 | 200 |
LcrV | mouse IgG1 | IP | 200 µg | 1 h pre | CO92 | 20 | 191 |
F1 c | mouse IgG1 | IP | 125–500 µg | 6 h or 24 h pre | CO92 | 48–54 | 199 |
F1 | not reported | IV | 100 µg | 24 h pre | 141 | 600 | 203 |
Antigen a | mAb Description | Antibody/Therapeutic Administration | Y. pestis Challenge Strain f | Challenge Dose (LD50) | Ref. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Route | Concentration | Schedule | |||||
LcrV | mouse IgG1 | IP | 35 µg | 4 h pre–96 h post | GB | 88 | 156 |
LcrV b | mouse IgG1 | IP | 200 or 400 µg | 1 h pre | CO92 g | 15–20 | 194 |
LcrV c | mouse IgG2b | IP, IV | 100–500 µg, 1011 pu e | 94 h pre–24 h post | CO92 g | 363–9080 | 195 |
F1 d | mouse IgG1 | IP | 125–500 µg | 6 h or 24 h pre | CO92 | 29–74 | 199 |
F1 + LcrV | mouse IgG1 | IT | 77.5 µg (each) | 2 h post | GB | 27 | 200 |
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Rosario-Acevedo, R.; Biryukov, S.S.; Bozue, J.A.; Cote, C.K. Plague Prevention and Therapy: Perspectives on Current and Future Strategies. Biomedicines 2021, 9, 1421. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9101421
Rosario-Acevedo R, Biryukov SS, Bozue JA, Cote CK. Plague Prevention and Therapy: Perspectives on Current and Future Strategies. Biomedicines. 2021; 9(10):1421. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9101421
Chicago/Turabian StyleRosario-Acevedo, Raysa, Sergei S. Biryukov, Joel A. Bozue, and Christopher K. Cote. 2021. "Plague Prevention and Therapy: Perspectives on Current and Future Strategies" Biomedicines 9, no. 10: 1421. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9101421