Sinapic Acid Protects SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells against 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Neurotoxicity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Cell Culture
2.2. Sinapic Acid and 6-OHDA Treatment in SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells
2.3. Cell Viability Assay
2.4. Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase dUTP End Labeling (TUNEL) Staining Using a Cell Death Detection Kit
2.5. Hoechst 33,342 Staining
2.6. Measurement of Intracellular ROS Production
2.7. Measurement of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP)
2.8. Western Blot Analysis
2.9. Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR)
2.10. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Cytotoxic Effects of Sinapic Acid on SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells
3.2. Sinapic Acid Rescues SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells from 6-OHDA-Induced Neurotoxicity
3.3. Sinapic Acid Attenuates 6-OHDA-Induced Apoptotic Cell Death in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells
3.4. Sinapic Acid Attenuates Oxidative Stress Caused by 6-OHDA-Induced Neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells
3.5. Sinapic Acid Suppresses Mitochondrial Dysfunction Caused by 6-OHDA-Induced Neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells
3.6. Sinapic Acid Orevents ER Stress Caused by 6-OHDA-Induced Neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells
3.7. Sinapic Acid Inhibits the Activation of the MAPK Signaling Pathway Caused by 6-OHDA-Induced Neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Genes | Primers | |
---|---|---|
PGC-1α | forward | 5′-TCA GTC CTC ACT GGT GGA CA-3′ |
reverse | 5′-TGC TTC GTC GTC AAA AAC AG-3′ | |
NRF-1 | forward | 5′-CTA CTC GTG TGG GAC AGC AA-3′ |
reverse | 5′-AAT TCC GTC GAT GGT GAG AG-3′ | |
TFAM | forward | 5′-GGC ACA GGA AAC CAG TTA GG-3′ |
reverse | 5′-CAG AAC ACC GTG GCT TCT AC-3′ | |
18S rRNA | forward | 5′-GAG CGA AAG CAT TTG CCA AG-3′ |
reverse | 5′-GGC ATC GTT TAT GGT CGG AA-3′ |
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Tungalag, T.; Yang, D.K. Sinapic Acid Protects SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells against 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Neurotoxicity. Biomedicines 2021, 9, 295. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9030295
Tungalag T, Yang DK. Sinapic Acid Protects SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells against 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Neurotoxicity. Biomedicines. 2021; 9(3):295. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9030295
Chicago/Turabian StyleTungalag, Tsendsuren, and Dong Kwon Yang. 2021. "Sinapic Acid Protects SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells against 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Neurotoxicity" Biomedicines 9, no. 3: 295. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9030295