Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument into the Italian Language
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation
2.2. Study Design
2.2.1. Participants
2.2.2. Survey Design
2.3. Psychometric Properties
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation
3.2. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics
3.3. Psychometric Properties
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Overall Population (n = 59) | |
---|---|---|
Sex, n. (%) | ||
Male | 30 (50.8%) | |
Female | 29 (49.2%) | |
Age category, n. (%) | ||
Children (age 2–10), n. (%) | 20 (33.9%) | |
Adolescent (age 11–18), n. (%) | 39 (66.1%) | |
Age, year | Mean ± SD ¶ (range) | 11.5 ± 2.6 (2–17) |
BMI ⸙, kg/m2 | Mean ± SD (range) | 20.8 ± 4.4 (13.6–34) |
Diagnosis, n. (%) | ||
Flexible flat foot | 30 (50.8%) | |
Genu valgum | 12 (20.3%) | |
Multiple osteochondromas | 5 (8.5%) | |
Clubfoot recurrence | 2 (3.4%) | |
Discoid meniscus | 2 (3.4%) | |
Leg length discrepancy | 2 (3.4%) | |
ACL a failure | 1 (1.7%) | |
Calcaneal bone cyst | 1 (1.7%) | |
Osteoid osteoma | 1 (1.7%) | |
Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease | 1 (1.7%) | |
Patellar instability | 1 (1.7%) | |
Talocalcaneal coalition | 1 (1.7%) | |
Involved site, n. (%) | ||
Hip | 1 (1.7%) | |
Knee | 24 (40.7%) | |
Ankle/foot | 34 (57.6%) | |
Laterality, n. (%) | ||
Bilateral | 40 (67.8%) | |
Left | 9 (15.3%) | |
Right | 10 (16.9%) | |
Surgical treatment, n. (%) | ||
Subtalar arthroeresis | 31 (52.5%) | |
Temporary epiphyseal/hemiepiphyseal stapling | 14 (23.7%) | |
Osteotomy | 7 (11.9%) | |
Meniscal Saucerization | 2 (3.4%) | |
ACL reconstruction | 1 (1.7%) | |
Bone grafting | 1 (1.7%) | |
Patellar realignment | 1 (1.7%) | |
Radiofrequency ablation | 1 (1.7%) | |
Tendon transfer | 1 (1.7%) |
PODCI Subscale | Cronbach’s α * | T0 ¶ vs. T1 ⸙ ICC a | T0 vs. T1 SEM b | T0 vs. T1 SDC c | FE *d | CE *e | T0 vs. T2 ‡ SRM f | ES g | Correlation with HSS Pedi-FABS *h |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Upper Extremity Function | 0.73 | 0.85 | 2.92 | 8.09 | 0.0% | 51.3% | 0.48 | 0.34 | - |
Transfers & Basic Mobility | 0.68 | 0.79 | 3.34 | 9.25 | 0.0% | 48.7% | 0.14 | 0.15 | - |
Sport/Physical Functioning | 0.78 | 0.75 | 9.89 | 27.43 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.51 |
Pain/Comfort | 0.89 | 0.45 | 18.09 | 50.15 | 0.0% | 20.5% | 0.26 | 0.27 | - |
Happiness | 0.77 | 0.79 | 6.65 | 18.43 | 0.0% | 23.1% | 0.02 | 0.03 | - |
Expectations | 0.90 | 0.31 | 20.80 | 57.66 | 0.0% | 30.8% | 0.28 | 0.25 | - |
Global Functioning | 0.90 ¥ | 0.89 | 4.23 | 11.72 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.38 |
PODCI Subscale | Cronbach’s α * | T0 ¶ vs. T1 ⸙ ICC a | T0 vs. T1 SEM b | T0 vs. T1 SDC c | FE *d | CE *e | T0 vs. T2 ‡ SRM f | ES g | Correlation with HSS Pedi-FABS *h |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Upper Extremity Function | 0.60 | 0.65 | 4.90 | 13.59 | 0.0% | 50.0% | 0.07 | 0.11 | - |
Transfers & Basic Mobility | 0.89 | 0.87 | 3.96 | 10.96 | 0.0% | 55.0% | 0.07 | 0.05 | - |
Sport/Physical Functioning | 0.81 | 0.68 | 11.59 | 32.11 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.39 | 0.40 | 0.66 |
Pain/Comfort | 0.92 | 0.54 | 17.79 | 49.30 | 0.0% | 20.0% | 0.28 | 0.26 | - |
Happiness | 0.73 | 0.49 | 12.65 | 35.07 | 0.0% | 10.0% | 0.17 | 0.18 | - |
Expectations | 0.84 | 0.77 | 7.03 | 19.48 | 0.0% | 30.0% | 0.04 | 0.04 | - |
Global Functioning | 0.90 | 0.81 | 5.63 | 15.60 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.39 |
PODCI Subscale | MD ⸙ | 95%CI ¶ | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Upper Extremity Function. | −3.51 | −9.15; 2.13 | 0.218 |
Transfers & Basic Mobility | −0.96 | −5.99; 4.07 | 0.703 |
Sport/Physical Functioning | 0.94 | −9.38; 11.25 | 0.856 |
Pain/Comfort | 2.22 | −6.41; 10.84 | 0.609 |
Happiness | −2.55 | −10; 4.91 | 0.497 |
Expectations | 4.46 | −3.86; 12.78 | 0.288 |
Global Functioning | −0.22 | −6.32; 5.87 | 0.942 |
(a) | |||||||
Psychometric Property | English PODCI [2] | Korean PODCI [16] | Brazilian PODCI [17] | Dutch PODCI [18] | Turkish PODCI [19] | Italian PODCI | |
Population | Age, year | 2–18 | 5–18 | 2–18 | 2–10 | 2–18 | 2–17 |
Participants |
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Diagnosis | All orthopedic disorders | Affected by Cerebral palsy vs. Healthy | Affected by Juvenile idiopathic arthritis | Affected by Neonatal brachial plexus palsy | Common orthopedic conditions | All orthopedic conditions required surgical treatment | |
Criterion validity | Good correlation with
| - | Good correlation with
| Moderate to strongly correlation with
| - | Moderate correlation with
| |
(b) | |||||||
Subscale | Reliability | English PODCI [2] | Korean PODCI [16] | Brazilian PODCI [17] | Dutch PODCI [18] | Turkish PODCI [19] | Italian PODCI |
Adolescent self-reported form | |||||||
Upper Extremity Function | Internal consistency, α * | 0.84 | 0.264 | NR | - | - | 0.73 |
Test-retest reliability, ICC ⸙ | 0.96 | NR | 0.97 | - | - | 0.85 | |
Transfers & Basic Mobility | Internal consistency, α | 0.91 | 0.824 | NR | - | - | 0.68 |
Test-retest reliability, ICC | 0.97 | NR | 0.81 | - | - | 0.79 | |
Sport/Physical Functioning | Internal consistency, α | 0.9 | 0.891 | NR | - | - | 0.78 |
Test-retest reliability, ICC | 0.87 | NR | 0.97 | - | - | 0.75 | |
Pain/Comfort | Internal consistency, α | 0.84 | 0.075 | NR | - | - | 0.89 |
Test-retest reliability, ICC | 0.89 | NR | 0.59 | - | - | 0.45 | |
Happiness | Internal consistency, α | 0.76 | 0.877 | NR | - | - | 0.77 |
Test-retest reliability, ICC | 0.87 | NR | 0.53 | - | - | 0.79 | |
Expectations | Internal consistency, α | 0.9 | - | - | - | - | 0.9 |
Test-retest reliability, ICC | 0.76 | - | - | - | - | 0.31 | |
Global Functioning | Internal consistency, α | 0.92 | 0.802 | 0.82 | - | - | 0.9 |
Test-retest reliability, ICC | 0.95 | NR | NR | - | - | 0.89 | |
Parent-reported form (for pediatric and adolescent) | |||||||
Upper Extremity Function | Internal consistency, α | 0.94 | 0.762 a/0.912 b | NR | 0.695 | 0.9 | 0.6 |
Test-retest reliability, ICC | 0.94 | NR | 0.89 c/0.86 d | 0.972 | 0.94 | 0.65 | |
Transfers & Basic Mobility | Internal consistency, α | 0.95 | 0.740 a/0.967 b | NR | 0.667 | 0.95 | 0.9 |
Test-retest reliability, ICC | 0.96 | NR | 0.97 c/0.04 d | 0.636 | 0.97 | 0.87 | |
Sport/Physical Functioning | Internal consistency, α | 0.93 | 0.855 a/0.918 b | NR | 0.597 | 0.93 | 0.81 |
Test-retest reliability, ICC | 0.93 | NR | 0.97 c/0.60 d | 0.948 | 0.95 | 0.68 | |
Pain/Comfort | Internal consistency, α | 0.87 | 0.545 a/0.371 b | NR | 0.161 | −0.38 | 0.92 |
Test-retest reliability, ICC | 0.83 | NR | 0.82 c/018 d | 0.022 | 0.07 | 0.54 | |
Happiness | Internal consistency, α | 0.82 | 0.864 a /0.793 b | NR | 0.928 | 0.77 | 0.73 |
Test-retest reliability, ICC | 0.71 | NR | 0.69 c/0.68 d | 0.96 | 0.82 | 0.49 | |
Expectations | Internal consistency, α | 0.88 | - | - | - | - | 0.84 |
Test-retest reliability, ICC | 0.83 | - | - | - | - | 0.77 | |
Global Functioning | Internal consistency, α | 0.94 | 0.858 a/0.968 b | 0.90 c/0.72 d | 0.781 | 0.96 | 0.9 |
Test-retest reliability, ICC | 0.97 | NR | NR | 0.803 | 0.98 | 0.81 |
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Trisolino, G.; Stallone, S.; Zarantonello, P.; Evangelista, A.; Boarini, M.; Faranda Cordella, J.; Lerma, L.; Veronesi, L.; Guerra, C.C.; Sangiorgi, L.; et al. Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument into the Italian Language. Children 2022, 9, 853. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9060853
Trisolino G, Stallone S, Zarantonello P, Evangelista A, Boarini M, Faranda Cordella J, Lerma L, Veronesi L, Guerra CC, Sangiorgi L, et al. Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument into the Italian Language. Children. 2022; 9(6):853. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9060853
Chicago/Turabian StyleTrisolino, Giovanni, Stefano Stallone, Paola Zarantonello, Andrea Evangelista, Manila Boarini, Jacopo Faranda Cordella, Luca Lerma, Luisa Veronesi, Cosma Caterina Guerra, Luca Sangiorgi, and et al. 2022. "Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument into the Italian Language" Children 9, no. 6: 853. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9060853