Attitudes and Behaviors of Physical Activity in Children with Cerebral Palsy: Findings from PLAY Questionnaire
Abstract: Purpose
1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Participants
2.3. Procedures
2.4. Outcome Measures
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographics
3.2. Daily Behavior
3.3. Knowledge and Understanding
3.4. Motivation/Attitudes
3.5. Physical Competence
4. Discussion
5. Limitation
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Children with CP N = 53 | TD Children N = 58 |
---|---|---|
Physical Characteristics | ||
Age (years) | 8.4 ± 1.7 | 7.6 ± 1.4 |
Height (cm) | 129.5 ± 13.5 | 126.5 ± 13.4 |
Weight (Kg) | 29.6 ± 9.1 | 29.4 ± 10.7 |
BMI | 17.3 ± 3.1 | 18.3 ± 5.4 |
Sexes | ||
Male | 36 (67.9%) | 34 (58.6%) |
Female | 17 (32.1%) | 24 (41.4%) |
Grades in School | ||
0 | 7 (13.2%) | 5 (8.6%) |
1 | 11 (20.8%) | 15 (25.9%) |
2 | 5 (9.4%) | 15 (25.9%) |
3 | 10 (18.9%) | 12 (20.7%) |
4 | 7 (13.2%) | 4 (6.9%) |
5 | 6 (11.3%) | 6 (10.3%) |
6 | 6 (11.3%) | 0 (0.0%) |
7 | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (1.7%) |
Race/Ethnicity | ||
African American | 4 (7.6%) | 3 (5.2%) |
Asian | 4 (7.6%) | 2 (3.5%) |
Caucasian | 41 (77.4%) | 22 (37.9%) |
Latino | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Native American | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Others | 2 (3.8%) | 4 (6.9%) |
Prefer not to respond | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0.0%) |
No response | 0 (0.0%) | 27 (46.6%) |
Questions | Children with CP | TD Children | p-Values |
---|---|---|---|
Level of Physical Activity | |||
On average, how many days were you physically active during weekdays? (Days) | 2.5 ± 1.5 | 2.6 ± 1.8 | 0.937 |
On average, how many days were you physically active during weekend? (Days) | 3.2 ± 1.9 | 3.0 ± 1.6 | 0.567 |
How many days were you physically active in the past week? (Days) | 4.7 ± 2.0 | 3.2 ± 2.2 | 0.001 * |
PE and Outside Play Participation | |||
On average, how many days a week do youparticipate in (adaptive) PE or gym class? (Days) | 0.6 ± 0.5 | 0.4 ± 0.6 | 0.040 * |
On average, how many hours per day do you play outside including free play, organized (adaptive) sports and recess? (Hours) | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 2.4 ± 0.7 | 0.022 * |
Cell Phone Time | |||
On average, how many hours per day do you use cell phone during weekdays? (Hours) | 0.5 ± 0.8 | 0.6 ± 0.8 | 0.563 |
On average, how many hours per day do you use cell phone during weekend? (Hours) | 0.7 ± 1.2 | 1.0 ± 1.4 | 0.224 |
Computer Game Time | |||
On average, how many hours per day do you play computer game during weekdays?(Hours) | 0.4 ± 0.7 | 0.6 ± 1.1 | 0.214 |
On average, how many hours per day do you play computer game during weekend? (Hours) | 0.5 ± 0.8 | 0.8 ± 1.2 | 0.077 |
TV Time | |||
On average, how many hours per day do you watch TV during weekdays? (Hours) | 1.3 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 1.2 | 0.146 |
On average, how many hours per day do you watch TV during weekend? (Hours) | 1.7 ± 1.1 | 2.6 ± 1.3 | 0.001 * |
Sleep Time | |||
On average, how many hours per day do you sleep during weekdays? (Hours) | 8.7 ± 1.0 | 9.3 ± 1.1 | 0.014 * |
On average, how many hours per day do you sleep during weekend? (Hours) | 8.9 ± 1.1 | 9.3 ± 1.1 | 0.081 |
Questions | Children with CP | TD Children | p-Values |
---|---|---|---|
Knowledge | |||
Do you think you are familiar with general health tips and related information? (Yes response) | 38.9% | 62.1% | 0.034 * |
Do you ask your parents for health tips, health information, or physical activity questions? (Yes response) | 44.9% | 48.3% | 0.848 |
What is the longest amount of time per day children should look at a screen including cellphone, computer game, and TV? (Hours) | 1.7 ± 1.2 | 0.6 ± 0.8 | 0.001 * |
Understanding | |||
To improve fitness/get stronger, what would you be the best thing to do? (“exercise more” response) α | 68.2% | 81.0% | 0.164 |
If you enhance aerobic/cardiovascular/endurance fitness, what things you can do more? (“can pump blood more” response) β | 46.8% | 50.0% | 0.306 |
Questions | Children with CP | TD Children | p-Values |
---|---|---|---|
Motivation/Attitudes | |||
Do you enjoy participating in (adaptive) PE, gym class, and sports? (Yes response) | 94.0% | 96.6% | 0.659 |
Do you feel happy when you are able to play (adaptive) sports or run around during the day? (Yes response) | 97.2% | 98.3% | 0.782 |
Do you feel sad if you are not able to play (adaptive) sports or run around during the day? (Yes response) | 48.7% | 74.1% | 0.001 * |
Questions | Children with CP | TD Children | p-Values |
---|---|---|---|
Physical Competence | |||
Do you feel physically competent compared to your peers? (Yes response) | 49.1% | 94.8% | 0.001 * |
Have your teacher ever been concerned about your handwriting? (Yes response) | 63.2% | 24.1% | 0.001 * |
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Sugimoto, D.; Rabatin, A.E.; Shea, J.E.; Parmeter, B.; Shore, B.J.; Stracciolini, A. Attitudes and Behaviors of Physical Activity in Children with Cerebral Palsy: Findings from PLAY Questionnaire. Children 2022, 9, 968. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9070968
Sugimoto D, Rabatin AE, Shea JE, Parmeter B, Shore BJ, Stracciolini A. Attitudes and Behaviors of Physical Activity in Children with Cerebral Palsy: Findings from PLAY Questionnaire. Children. 2022; 9(7):968. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9070968
Chicago/Turabian StyleSugimoto, Dai, Amy E. Rabatin, Jodie E. Shea, Becky Parmeter, Benjamin J. Shore, and Andrea Stracciolini. 2022. "Attitudes and Behaviors of Physical Activity in Children with Cerebral Palsy: Findings from PLAY Questionnaire" Children 9, no. 7: 968. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9070968