Advances in Thermal Energy Storage Systems for Renewable Energy: A Review of Recent Developments
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology for the Literature Review
2.1. Introduction to PRISMA Methodology
2.2. Identification Phase
2.2.1. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
2.2.2. Databases
- Scopus: Known for its stringent content selection standards and extensive coverage across multiple disciplines, Scopus provides access to high-quality, peer-reviewed materials. The platform’s advanced analytical tools and bibliometric indicators add credibility and depth to our review.
- IEEE Xplore: A leading resource for electrical engineering and related fields, IEEE Xplore grants access to influential and frequently cited publications, ensuring that the most current and relevant studies are included.
- MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute): As a fully open-access platform, MDPI makes peer-reviewed research accessible to a broad audience, promoting inclusivity and widespread dissemination of knowledge.
2.2.3. Search Terms
2.3. Screening Phase
2.4. Included Phase
3. Synthesis of the Articles Included in the Literature Review
3.1. Innovations in TES Systems
3.1.1. New Latent Heat Storage Materials
3.1.2. Hybrid Thermal Storage Technologies
3.1.3. Microencapsulation and Nanoencapsulation of PCM
3.2. Advances in PCM
3.2.1. Development of Biomaterial-Based PCMs
3.2.2. High-Temperature Inorganic PCMs
3.2.3. Innovations in Composite and Nanoscale Materials
3.3. Thermal Management and Efficiency
3.3.1. Improvement in Thermal Conductivity
3.3.2. PCM-Based Heat Exchanger Systems
3.3.3. Computational Modeling and Simulation
3.4. Renewable Energy Integration with TES
3.4.1. Applications in Solar and Wind Energy
3.4.2. Reducing Dependence on Fossil Fuels
3.4.3. Autonomous and Off-Grid Systems
3.4.4. Grid-Connected Systems
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Appendix A.1. Information of Identified Studies for the Literature Review
Appendix A.2. Bibliographic Information of the Articles That Passed the Included Phase of the Literature Review
N° | ID | Ref. | Title | Author | Year | Innovations in TES Systems | Advancements in PCM | Thermal Management and Efficiency | Renewable Energy Integration with TES |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | S-426 | [51] | Optimal design of phase change material storage for steam production using annual simulation | Sharan, P.; et al. | 2019 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
2 | S-446 | [53] | Evaluation of wavy wall configurations for accelerated heat recovery in triplex-tube energy storage units for building heating applications | Said, M.A.; et al. | 2024 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
3 | S-709 | [52] | Investigation of forced convection of a novel hybrid nanofluid containing NEPCM in a square microchannel: Application of single-phase and EulerianEulerian two-phase models | Bazdidi-Tehrani, F.; et al. | 2024 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
4 | S-222 | [58] | Investigation on Thermophysical Properties of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Enhanced Salt Hydrate Phase Change Material | Rajamony, R.K.; et al. | 2023 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
5 | S-260 | [61] | Residential Micro-CHP system with integrated phase change material thermal energy storage | Khader, M.A.; et al. | 2024 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
6 | S-078 | [8] | Optimal forecasting of thermal conductivity and storage in parabolic trough collector using phase change materials | Muruganantham, P.; et al. | 2021 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
7 | S-104 | [79] | Nano-enhanced phase change materials for thermal energy storage: A comprehensive review of recent advancements, applications, and future challenges | Wong, W.P.; et al. | 2023 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
8 | S-174 | [67] | Phase diagrams of fatty acids as biosourced phase change materials for thermal energy storage | Mailhé, C.; et al. | 2019 | ✓ | ✓ | ||
9 | S-219 | [75] | Nano-enhanced phase change materials: Fundamentals and applications | Said, Z.; et al. | 2024 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
10 | S-280 | [86] | A review on thermophysical properties and thermal stability of sugar alcohols as phase change materials | Tomassetti, S.; et al. | 2022 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
11 | S-286 | [54] | The local non-equilibrium heat transfer in phase change materials embedded in porous skeleton for thermal energy storage | Han, P.; et al. | 2024 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
12 | S-287 | [82] | Shape-stable MXene/sodium alginate/carbon nanotubes hybrid phase change material composites for efficient solar energy conversion and storage | Ye, X.; et al. | 2022 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
13 | S-318 | [66] | Phase change materials for building construction: An overview of nano-/micro-encapsulation | Sivanathan, A.; et al. | 2020 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
14 | S-362 | [73] | Nano-enhanced thermal energy storage coupled to a hybrid renewable system for a high-rise zero emission building | Daneshazarian, R.; et al. | 2023 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
15 | S-382 | [6] | Numerical modelling and experimental testing of a thermal storage system with non-spherical macro-encapsulated phase change material modules | Heinz, A.; et al. | 2023 | ✓ | ✓ | ||
16 | S-402 | [93] | Evaluation of PCM thermophysical properties on a compressed air energy storage system integrated with packed-bed latent thermal energy storage | Yu, X.; et al. | 2024 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
17 | S-442 | [59] | Effect of bypassing the heat transfer fluid on charging in a latent thermal energy storage unit | Baghaei Oskouei, S.; et al. | 2023 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
18 | S-460 | [70] | Experimental study on the thermal response of a metal foam dual phase change unit thermal storage tank | Bai, Y.; et al. | 2024 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
19 | S-487 | [55] | Experimental investigation on the energy storage/discharge performance of xylitol in a compact spiral coil heat exchanger | Anish, R.; et al. | 2021 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
20 | S-495 | [56] | Technical assessment of phase change material thermal expansion for passive solar tracking in residential thermal energy storage applications | Mendecka, B.; et al. | 2022 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
21 | S-577 | [62] | An improved effectiveness-NTU method for streamlining the design and optimization of packed bed latent thermal energy storage | Tang, Y.; et al. | 2024 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
22 | S-669 | [60] | MXene based advanced materials for thermal energy storage: A recent review | Jamil, F.; et al. | 2021 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
23 | S-003 | [87] | A novel composite phase change material of high-density polyethylene/D-mannitol/expanded graphite for medium-temperature thermal energy storage: Characterization and thermal properties | Wang, H.; et al. | 2023 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
24 | S-004 | [68] | Novel strategies and supporting materials applied to shape-stabilize organic phase change materials for thermal energy storage–A review | Umair, M.M.; et al. | 2019 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
25 | S-016 | [76] | Design and fabrication of solar thermal energy storage system using potash alum as a pcm | Malik, M.S.; et al. | 2020 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
26 | S-022 | [94] | Consistent DSC and TGA methodology as basis for the measurement and comparison of thermo-physical properties of phase change materials | Müller, L.; et al. | 2020 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
27 | S-069 | [63] | Laboratory Testing of Small Scale Solar Facade Module with Phase Change Material and Adjustable Insulation Layer | Vanaga, R.; et al. | 2022 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
28 | S-110 | [88] | Simulation of solidification process of phase change materials in a heat exchanger using branch-shaped fins | Asgari, M.; et al. | 2021 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
29 | S-150 | [72] | A new composite phase change material for thermal energy storage | Su, C.-F.; et al. | 2019 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
30 | S-189 | [80] | Guidelines for phase change material selection based on a holistic system model | Rea, J.E.; et al. | 2020 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
31 | S-203 | [69] | Building energy efficiency and load flexibility optimization using phase change materials under futuristic grid scenario | Wijesuriya, S.; et al. | 2022 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
32 | S-235 | [64] | Performance evaluation of cement-based composites containing phase change materials from energy management and construction standpoints | Junaid, M.F.; et al. | 2024 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
33 | S-242 | [83] | Suppression of supercooling and phase change hysteresis of Al-25mass%Si Micro-Encapsulated Phase Change Material (MEPCM) synthesized via novel dry synthesis method | Mba, J.C.; et al. | 2024 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
34 | S-243 | [84] | Phase Change Materials Energy Storage Enhancement Schemes and Implementing the Lattice Boltzmann Method for Simulations: A Review | Shirbani, M.; et al. | 2023 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
35 | S-302 | [74] | Life cycle inventory and performance analysis of phase change materials for thermal energy storages | Madeswaran, N.; et al. | 2021 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
36 | S-307 | [71] | Latent heat storage bio-composites from egg-shell/PE/PEG as feasible eco-friendly building materials | Trigui, A.; et al. | 2024 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
37 | S-373 | [89] | The Use of Phase Change Materials for Cooling Applications in the Hot Climate of the UAE | Haggag, M.; et al. | 2024 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
38 | S-428 | [85] | Experimental and numerical study of latent heat thermal energy storage with high porosity metal matrix under intermittent heat loads | Kumar, A.; et al. | 2020 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
39 | S-444 | [57] | Clay composites for thermal energy storage: A review | Voronin, D.V.; et al. | 2020 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
40 | S-523 | [65] | Isopropyl palmitate integrated with plasterboard for low temperature latent heat thermal energy storage | Alkhazaleh, A.H. | 2021 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
41 | S-543 | [7] | Experimental study on charging and discharging behavior of PCM encapsulations for thermal energy storage of concentrating solar power system | Issa, O.O.; et al. | 2024 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
42 | S-551 | [77] | Numerical investigation into selecting the most suitable shell-to-tube diameter ratio for horizontal latent heat thermal energy storage | Modi, N.; et al. | 2023 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
43 | S-582 | [90] | Cycling stability of poly (ethylene glycol) of six molecular weights: Influence of thermal conditions for energy applications | Johansson, P.; et al. | 2020 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
44 | S-593 | [13] | A State of the Art Review on Sensible and Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Processes in Porous Media: Mesoscopic Simulation | Mabrouk, R.; et al. | 2022 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
45 | S-600 | [9] | Charging process of a partially heated trapezoidal thermal energy storage filled by nano-enhanced PCM using controlable uniform magnetic field | Izadi, M.; et al. | 2022 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
46 | S-653 | [78] | A detailed analysis of a novel auto-controlled solar drying system combined with thermal energy storage concentrated solar air heater (CSAC) and concentrated photovoltaic/thermal (CPV/T) | Benlioğlu, M.M.; et al. | 2023 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
47 | S-679 | [81] | Development in efficiency, cost, optimization, simulation and environmental impact of energy systems | Teixeira, J.C.F.; et al. | 2019 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
48 | S-684 | [91] | Enhancing solar still thermal performance: The role of surface coating and thermal energy storage in repurposed soda cans | Sathyamurthy, R.; et al. | 2024 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
49 | IEEE-002 | [92] | A Novel Thermal Energy Storage System in Smart Building Based on Phase Change Material | F. Wei; et al. | 2019 | ✓ | ✓ |
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Inclusion | Criteria | Exclusion |
---|---|---|
Studies published within the last 5 years (2019–2024) to capture the most recent and relevant advancements in the field. | Publication Period | Studies that primarily reference data or advancements from before 2019, without contributing new findings or perspectives. |
Only peer-reviewed journal articles will be considered to ensure the quality and reliability of the findings. | Type of Publications | The following types of publications will be excluded from the review: conference paper, editorials, review articles, commentaries, book chapters, theses and dissertations, white papers, reports. |
Articles must be published in English to maintain consistency in language and facilitate comprehension. | Language | Articles published in languages other than English will be excluded. |
Studies must specifically address advancements in thermal energy storage systems within the context of renewable energy applications. Articles should present original research data or significant advancements in TES technologies, including phase change materials, sensible thermal storage, or hybrid systems. | Focus on TES and Relevance | Articles that do not focus on TES in the context of renewable energy, or those that only peripherally mention TES without significant contribution to the field. |
Database | Query String |
---|---|
Scopus | ALL (“Thermal Energy Storage”) AND (TITLE-ABS (“Renewable energy”)) AND (TITLE-ABS (“Phase Change Materials”)) AND (LIMIT-TO (PUBYEAR, 2024) OR LIMIT-TO (PUBYEAR, 2023) OR LIMIT-TO (PUBYEAR, 2022) OR LIMIT-TO (PUBYEAR, 2021) OR LIMIT-TO (PUBYEAR, 2020) OR LIMIT-TO (PUBYEAR, 2019)) AND (LIMIT-TO (LANGUAGE, “English”)) |
IEEE Xplore | (“All Metadata”:Thermal Energy Storage) AND ((“Abstract”:Renewable energy) OR (“Abstract”:Phase Change Materials)) Filters applied: Journals, Year range: 2019–2024. |
MDPI | Search text: Thermal Energy Storage; Search Type: All fields; AND; Search text: Renewable Energy; Search Type: Abstract; AND; Search text: Phase Change Materials; Search Type: Abstract; Years: between 2019 and 2024; Article Type: Article. |
Criterion | Description and Evaluation Metrics |
---|---|
Relevance to TES and Materials | How well the study addresses advancements in thermal energy storage systems and materials in the context of renewable energy applications. (1: Somewhat Relevant, 2: Relevant, 3: Highly Relevant) |
Methodological Rigor | The robustness and appropriateness of the research methodology employed in the study. (1: Basic, 2: Adequate, 3: Excellent) |
Experimental Validation | The extent to which the study includes experimental results, simulations, case studies, or real-world implementations. (1: Limited, 2: Moderate, 3: Extensive) |
Novelty and Contribution | The originality and significance of the study’s contributions to the field. (1: Conventional, 2: Noteworthy, 3: Innovative) |
Clarity and Completeness | The clarity of writing and the completeness of the information provided in the study. (1: Clear, 2: Very Clear, 3: Exceptionally Clear) |
Technical Depth | The level of technical detail and depth in the study. (1: Introductory, 2: Detailed, 3: Highly Detailed) |
Reproducibility | The extent to which the study provides enough detail to allow replication of the results. (1: Somewhat Reproducible, 2: Reproducible, 3: Highly Reproducible) |
Data Quality and Integrity | The quality and integrity of the data presented in the study. (1: Acceptable, 2: Good, 3: Excellent) |
Practical Applicability | The potential for practical application of the study’s findings in real-world scenarios. (1: Possible, 2: Likely, 3: Very Likely) |
Impact on Field | The potential impact of the study’s findings on the field of thermal energy storage and materials for renewable energy. (1: Moderate, 2: Significant, 3: Groundbreaking) |
Theme | Description |
---|---|
Innovations in Thermal Energy Storage Systems | This topic will encompass general advancements in thermal energy storage systems, including latent heat storage and improvements in thermal storage capacity and efficiency. |
Advancements in Phase Change Materials | This will focus on recent developments in phase change materials, including new compositions, encapsulation methods, and their application in thermal storage systems. This topic also will cover advanced materials and nanomaterials used in thermal energy storage systems, highlighting innovations in composite materials and nanoscale technologies. |
Thermal Management and Efficiency | This topic will include studies on thermal management and energy efficiency in the context of thermal energy storage, addressing issues such as thermal conductivity and heat transfer strategies. |
Renewable Energy Integration with TES | This topic will address the integration of thermal energy storage systems with renewable energy sources, such as solar energy, and how they contribute to sustainability and energy efficiency. |
Area of Innovation | Innovations Found | Challenges Arising from Innovations |
---|---|---|
New Latent Heat Storage Materials | -Direct steam generation in solar collectors with advanced materials [1]. | -Improve thermal stability and long-term storage capacity. |
-Enhanced heat transfer through forced laminar convection in channels with PCM [3]. | -Scalability and industrial application of these techniques. | |
-PCM materials with improved thermal conductivity and storage capacity through additives and molecular optimization [2]. | -Stability and efficiency under different operational conditions. | |
Hybrid Thermal Storage Technologies | -Systems combining sensible and latent storage, enhancing energy efficiency and stability [4]. | -Effective integration into existing systems and management of rapid response to demand fluctuations. |
-Integration of PCM in hybrid solar systems, optimizing storage and efficiency [5]. | -Minimize energy losses and increase system sustainability. | |
Microencapsulation and Nanoencapsulation of PCM | -Advanced microencapsulation techniques to improve efficiency and thermal stability [13]. | -Develop cost-effective and durable encapsulation methods for long-term applications. |
-Nanoencapsulation enhancing thermal conductivity and heat transfer [70]. | -Evaluate the feasibility of large-scale production and impact on overall system efficiency. | |
Biomaterial-Based PCM | -PCM derived from vegetable oils and animal fats with high heat storage capacity and thermal stability [51,73]. | -Ensure sustainability and minimize production costs. |
-Effective integration in industrial and residential applications [52,67]. | -Solve encapsulation and durability issues in different environments. | |
High-Temperature Inorganic PCM | -Use of molten salts and other inorganic PCM in high energy demand applications [54,61]. | -Ensure thermal stability and storage capacity over multiple thermal cycles. |
-Integration in concentrated solar power systems, enhancing efficiency and stability [80]. | -Evaluate material reuse and durability under industrial conditions. | |
Composite and Nanoscale Materials Innovations | -Incorporation of metal nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes in PCM to enhance thermal conductivity [8,75]. | -Optimize the distribution and stability of encapsulated materials. |
-Development of composite PCM with nanomaterials improving mechanical strength and thermal efficiency [76,82]. | -Balance production costs with improvements in efficiency and durability. | |
Improving Thermal Conductivity | -Use of nanomaterials and advanced composites to increase the thermal conductivity of PCM [51,67]. | -Maintain long-term stability and efficiency. |
-Structural design of PCM with porous structures and metal fins [61,86]. | -Implement these improvements in real applications and evaluate long-term performance. | |
Heat Exchanger Systems Based on PCM | -Design of systems maximizing contact surface and enhancing heat transfer [54,58]. | -Ensure flexible and efficient integration in various industrial and residential applications. |
-Effectiveness in residual heat recovery and energy use optimization [70,79]. | -Minimize greenhouse gas emissions and improve sustainability. | |
Computational Modeling and Simulation | -Use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to optimize TES systems design and efficiency [55,66]. | -Improve the accuracy of simulations and their application in real scenarios. |
-Identification of optimal configurations to maximize heat transfer and minimize energy losses [63,87]. | -Develop models that are easily adjustable to various operational conditions and system types. | |
Applications in Solar and Wind Energy | -Integration of TES in solar plants and wind systems to improve operational stability and efficiency [51,61]. | -Ensure consistent and reliable energy supply under various climatic conditions. |
-Significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions [58,73]. | -Expand the adoption of these technologies in various regions and scales. | |
Reducing Fossil Fuel Dependence | -Use of TES in cogeneration plants and industrial processes to minimize fossil fuel consumption [8,66]. | -Develop strategies for broader and more effective TES integration in high fossil fuel dependency sectors. |
-Efficient management of residual heat and use of stored energy for production processes [59,75]. | -Balance implementation costs with benefits in emissions reduction and energy efficiency. | |
Autonomous and Off-Grid Systems | -Implementation of TES in remote areas and off-grid systems to provide sustainable energy solutions [54,70]. | -Ensure the reliability and sustainability of energy supply in the absence of the electrical grid. |
-Reduction in diesel generator dependence and carbon emissions [60,76]. | -Develop solutions that are economically viable and technically robust for various autonomous applications. |
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© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Arévalo, P.; Ochoa-Correa, D.; Villa-Ávila, E. Advances in Thermal Energy Storage Systems for Renewable Energy: A Review of Recent Developments. Processes 2024, 12, 1844. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12091844
Arévalo P, Ochoa-Correa D, Villa-Ávila E. Advances in Thermal Energy Storage Systems for Renewable Energy: A Review of Recent Developments. Processes. 2024; 12(9):1844. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12091844
Chicago/Turabian StyleArévalo, Paul, Danny Ochoa-Correa, and Edisson Villa-Ávila. 2024. "Advances in Thermal Energy Storage Systems for Renewable Energy: A Review of Recent Developments" Processes 12, no. 9: 1844. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12091844