Practices and Trends in the Prescription of Probiotics: A Detailed Analysis in an Eastern European Region
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Collection
2.2. Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Distribution of Probiotic Recommendations by Age and Gender
3.2. Diagnostics Associated with Probiotic Recommendation
3.3. Prescribed Probiotic Genera
3.4. Prescribed Probiotic Species
3.5. Physicians’ Approach Regarding the Importance of Probiotic Product Specificity
3.6. Analysis of Antibiotic–Probiotic Associations
3.7. Physicians’ Recommendations for Probiotic Genera Associated with Antibiotic Therapy
3.8. Physicians’ Recommendations for Probiotic Species Associated with Antibiotic Therapy
3.9. Diagnoses for Which Probiotics Are Associated with Antibiotics
3.10. Duration of Probiotic Treatment Versus Duration of Antibiotic Therapy
4. Discussions
Strengths and Weaknesses
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Genus | Species | Strain |
---|---|---|
Bacillus | B. clausii | N/A |
B. mesentericus | TO-A | |
B.coagulans | N/A | |
Bifidobacterium | B. bifidum | HA-132 |
BB-01 | ||
W-23 | ||
BB-G90 | ||
B. breve | BR-03 | |
BB-G95 | ||
B. infantis | N/A | |
B. lactis | BL-G101 | |
DSM 15954 (BB-12) | ||
BI-04 | ||
W-52 | ||
HN-019 | ||
Lafti B-94 | ||
B. longum | BB-536 | |
W-11 | ||
BL-986 | ||
N/A | ||
Clostridium | C.butyricum | TO-A |
Enterococcus | E. faecium | N/A |
Lactobacillus | L. acidophillus | LA-G80 |
LA-14 | ||
LA-1063 | ||
LA-02 | ||
HA-122 | ||
DSM 13241 (LA-5) | ||
Rosell-52 | ||
L. casei | HA-108 | |
R-0215 | ||
LC-03 | ||
L. paracasei | 431 | |
LPC-12 | ||
LPC-G110 | ||
Lafti L-26 | ||
CNCM I-1572 | ||
L. fermentum | LF-26 | |
L. gasseri | LG-G12 | |
L. helveticus | LH-43 | |
Lafti L-10 | ||
Rosell-52 | ||
L. plantarum | CECT 7484 | |
CECT 7485 | ||
R-1012 | ||
LP-09 | ||
LP-G18 | ||
L. reuterii | DSM 17938 | |
L. rhamnosus | GG | |
R-0011 | ||
LR-02 | ||
LRH-10 | ||
HN-001 | ||
LR-G14 | ||
Rosell-11 | ||
Lactococcus | L. lactis | LL-02 |
W-58 | ||
Pediococcus | P. acidilactici | CECT 7483 |
Saccharomyces | S. boulardii | CNCM I-745 |
Lesaffre CNCM I-3799 | ||
N/A | ||
S. cerevisiae | CNCM I-3856 | |
Streptococcus | S. faecalis | T-110 |
S. salivarius | K-12 | |
S. thermophilus | TH-4 | |
ST-30 | ||
YA-08 |
Class of Antibiotics | Antibiotics Associated with Probiotics | % |
---|---|---|
Penicillins | Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid | 43.1 |
Amoxicillin | 3.9 | |
Other penicillins | 0.5 | |
Cephalosporines | Cefuroxime | 9.5 |
Cefixime | 4.6 | |
Other cephalosporines | 0.7 | |
Macrolides | Azithromycin | 6.1 |
Clarithromycin | 5.6 | |
Other macrolides | 0.5 | |
Fluoroquinolones | Ciprofloxacin | 6.8 |
Levofloxacin | 5.7 | |
Other fluoroquinolones | 2.0 | |
Other classes | Lincosamides | 2.9 |
Tetracyclines | 2.4 | |
Nitroimidazoles | 3.2 | |
Others | 2.7 |
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Scărlătescu, A.-I.; Velescu, B.Ș.; Apetroaei, M.-M.; Nedea, M.I.; Udeanu, D.I.; Arsene, A.L. Practices and Trends in the Prescription of Probiotics: A Detailed Analysis in an Eastern European Region. Processes 2024, 12, 1856. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12091856
Scărlătescu A-I, Velescu BȘ, Apetroaei M-M, Nedea MI, Udeanu DI, Arsene AL. Practices and Trends in the Prescription of Probiotics: A Detailed Analysis in an Eastern European Region. Processes. 2024; 12(9):1856. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12091856
Chicago/Turabian StyleScărlătescu, Anca-Ioana (Amzăr), Bruno Ștefan Velescu, Miruna-Maria Apetroaei, Marina Ionela (Ilie) Nedea, Denisa Ioana Udeanu, and Andreea Letiția Arsene. 2024. "Practices and Trends in the Prescription of Probiotics: A Detailed Analysis in an Eastern European Region" Processes 12, no. 9: 1856. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12091856